摘要
为研究施氮条件下磁化水灌溉对葡萄生长发育及光合特性的影响,以夏黑葡萄(Vitis vinifera×V.labrusca cv.Summer Black)为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,设置磁化水灌溉处理(M0)、非磁化水灌溉处理(NM0)、磁化施氮处理(MN)、非磁化施氮处理(NMN)4个处理,测定生长参数、叶绿素含量、光合气体交换参数以及荧光参数等指标。结果表明,与NMN相比,施氮条件下,MN对葡萄生长有明显促进作用,叶片、根系和全株生物量显著提高80.58%~163.35%(P<0.05),茎生物量无明显变化,根冠比提高26.43%。与NMN相比,MN葡萄叶片叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素含量提高8.58%~23.78%,净光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs)提高6.06%~8.14%,而胞间CO2浓度(Ci)显著降低(P<0.05)。与NMN相比,MN处理中实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)和光化学猝灭系数(qP)提高7.97%~9.78%,非光化学猝灭系数(qN)、非光化学耗散(NPQ)和激发能压力(1-qP)降低了12.51%~22.94%。综上所述,施氮条件下,磁化水灌溉可以提高葡萄叶片的光合生产力,维持叶片较好的光合性能,以提高葡萄生物量累积、优化生物量分配格局,促进葡萄的生长。因此,磁化水灌溉技术可投入葡萄生产中。本研究结果为葡萄优质生产及氮肥施用提供了理论依据。
In order to explore the effects of magnetized water irrigation on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics under nitrogen application,one-year old seedlings of Vitis vinifera×V.labrusca cv.Summer Black was applied as the test materials,and the morphological parameters and photosynthetic characteristics were measured through filed investigation and lab analysis.A pot experiment was conducted to set up magnetized water irrigation treatment(M0),non-magnetized water irrigation treatment(NM0),magnetization nitrogen treatment(MN),non-magnetization nitrogen treatment(NMN).The growth parameters chlorophyll content and fluorescence and photosynthetic gas exchange parameters were measured.The results showed that compared with NMN,MN had a significant effect on grape growth under nitrogen application conditions,and the biomass of leaves,roots and whole plants increased by 80.58%~163.35%,and the biomass of leaves and whole plants reached a significant level(P<0.05).No significant change was observed in stem biomass.At the same time,the ratio of root to crown increased by 26.4%.Compared with NMN,the pigment content in MN grape leaves increased by 8.58%~23.78%,and net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and stomatal conductance(Gs)increased by 6.06%~8.14%,and intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)was significantly reduced(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSII)and photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)increased by 7.0%~10.0%and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN),non-photochemical dissipation(NPQ)and excitation pressure(1-qP)decreased by 12.0%~23.0%.In summary,under the condition of nitrogen application,magnetized water irrigation can improve the photosynthetic productivity of grape leaves and maintain better photosynthetic performance of leaves,so as to increase the biomass accumulation of grapes,optimize the biomass distribution pattern and promote the growth of grapes.Therefore,the magnetized water irrigation technology can be put into the production of grapes,which provides a theoretical basis for the high-quality production of grapes and the application of nitrogen fertilizer.
作者
韦业
王渌
朱红
孟诗原
张志浩
王倩
王华田
刘秀梅
WEI Ye;WANG Lu;ZHU Hong;MENG Shiyuan;ZHANG Zhihao;WANG Qian;WANG Huatian;LIU Xiumei(State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in downstream areas of the Yellow River/College of Forestry,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,Shandong 271018;Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510405;Shanghai Environment College,Shanghai 200135)
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期849-859,共11页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家引进国际先进林业科学技术计划(2011-4-60)
山东省农业重大应用技术创新资助项目(鲁财农指[2016]36号).
关键词
磁化水灌溉
生长发育
光合特性
夏黑葡萄
magnetized water irrigation
growing development
photosynthetic characteristics
Vitis vinifera×V.labrusca Summer Black
作者简介
韦业,男,主要从事人工林研究。E-mail:303129937@qq.com;通讯作者:刘秀梅,女,讲师,主要从事生态生理研究。E-mail:xiaomi8869@163.com
