摘要
1.在120具成尸观察了肾脏动脉的数目、起始高度、入肾状态、经肾门入肾的肾动脉初级分支类型以及肾副动脉与输尿管和下腔静脉的位置关系。2.肾脏动脉为一支型者占84.2±2.35%;二支型者占15.4±2.33%;三支型者占0.4±0.41%。两侧均为一支型者占73.4±4.03%,为常见型。动脉支数的多少无显著的侧别差异。3.两侧肾动脉起点的平均高度为第1、2腰椎间的椎间盘。两侧起点同高者占50.0±5.23%,右高者占34.1±5.05%,左高者占15.9±3.90%。4.在二支型中,被列为正常肾动脉的平均起点高度为第2,腰椎上1/3平面;肾副动脉多由肾动脉起点下方发起,起点范围在第1腰椎上缘与第5腰椎上缘之间,其中以起自第1腰椎平面以下者多见。5.肾动脉分支全部经肾朗入肾者占78.2±2.90%,发穿支入肾者占21.8±2.90%。根据入肾部位,穿支可分为五类,其中以穿入肾上端者最多见,占穿支总数的70.5±6.87%。6.在二支型中,肾动脉经肾门入肾者占75.0±7.21%,发穿支入肾者占25.0±7.21%;肾副动脉经肾门入肾者占66.7±7.85%,在其余例内,则主要以独立穿动脉形式穿入肾的上端或下端。7.绝大多数(占83.7±2.60%)肾动脉在肾门外分支,其初级支可分五型,其中以前后股型和上下股型最多见。8.援引本文材料对肾副动脉与输尿管及下腔静脉的位置关系的临床意义作了初步探讨。
1.The number of origin,points of entrance,and relationship with other structures of the renal arteries were studied in 111 adult male and 9 female cadavers.It was found that 84.2±2.35%belonged to 1 branch-type,of which 73.4±4.03%occurred bilaterally;the two-branch type consisted only 15.4±2.33%;the three branch type being only 0.4±0.41%.2.The average height of origin of the renal arteries from the aorta was at the level of intervertebral disc between the 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae,of which 50.0±5.23%were equal in height on both sides;in 34.1±5.05%the right side was higher than the left and in 15.9±3.90%was the reverse.3.When two renal arteries were present,the accessory one arose at a lower level than the main artery,ranging from the level of lower border of the 1st lumbar vertebra to that of the upper border of the 5th lumbar vertebra.4.In 78.2±2.90%of the cases,the renal arteries entered the kidney through the hilum,the rest of them entered dinectly into the kidney substance,most of which through the upper extremity of the kidney.5.When two renal arteries were present,both entered the hilum in 75.0±7.21%of the cases.6.In most of the cases(83.7±2.60%),the renal artery divided outside of the hilum.Its primary branches could be divided into 5 types,most of which were of the anterior-posterior or superior-inferior types.They were 59.1±3.88 and 34.3±3.65%respectively.7.The relationship of the accessory renal artery with the ureter and the inferior venal cava was discussed.
作者
张为龙
戴桂林
CHANG WEI-LONG;TAI KWEI-LING(Department of Anatomy,Kirin Medical College)
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
1963年第4期350-361,共12页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
