摘要
作者在放大4~9倍的手术显微镜下对国人50例脑干各部动脉的起源、分布、支数及吻合情况进行了详细的观察,并对各组动脉闭塞所产生的脑干梗塞综合征作了联系与探讨。延髓腹侧主要由脊髓前动脉的分支供应,椎动脉的分支及盲孔支可作补充。椎动脉、小脑下后动脉的延髓外侧支在延髓外侧的血供中占主要地位,血管的阻塞可引起延髓外侧综合征。小脑下后和脊髓后动脉的分支组成后组供应延髓背侧。脑桥腹侧主要由基底动脉的旁正中动脉(4支)供应。脑桥外侧由基底动脉的短旋动脉(5支)、小脑下前及小脑上动脉的脑桥支组成的外侧组供应的,互相在三叉神经根周围吻合。脑桥背侧由基底动脉的长旋动脉(1~3支)和小脑上动脉的分支供应。小脑下前和小脑上动脉不仅供应小脑,它们在脑桥的血供中也很重要,血管的阻塞或结扎可导致脑干局部梗塞。中脑腹侧由脚间窝支、小脑上和大脑后动脉的中脑前支组成的前组动脉供应。中脑外侧由小脑上和大脑后动脉的中脑外侧支供应。中脑背侧(顶盖)由小脑上和大脑后动脉的中脑后支供应,血管在四叠体表面吻合成网。中脑血管的病变也可引起中脑不同区域的综合征。
Under operative microscope of 4~9 magnifications the arteries of the brainstemhave been dissected on 50 Chinese brains(40 adults,10 children);the origin,distribution,number and anastomoses of the arteries have been observed in detailand the problem of arterial occlusion of the brainstem in relation to clinicalsyndromes have been discussed briefly.The ventral surface of the medulla is mainly supplied by the branches of theanterior spinal artery,its lateral surface by the lateral medullary branches of thevertebral artery and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery,and the posterior surface bythe branches of the posterior inferior cerebellar and the posterior spinal arteries.Differentsyndromes occur in the occluded arteries of the various parts of the medulla.The ventral surface of the pons is mainly supplied by the paramedian arteriesof the basilar artery.The short circumferential arteries of the basilar artery,thepontine branches of the anterior inferior and the superior cerebellar arteries constitutethe lateral group,supplying the lateral pontine surface,they anastomose with eachother around the trigeminal roots.The posterior pontine surface is supplied by thelong circumferential arteries of the basilar artery and the branches of the superiorcerebellar artery.The regional occlusion of the pons can be produced when the maintrunks of the anterior inferior and the superior cerebellar arteries are obstructed.The anterior arterial group of the mesencephalon consists of the branches of theinterpeduncular fossa,the anterior mesencephalic branches of the superior cerebellarand the posterior cerebral arteries.The lateral surface of the mesencephalon issupplied by the lateral mesencephalic branches of the above arteries,its posteriorsurface(corpus quadrigemina)by the posterior branches of the same vessels,theyanastomose with each other forming a vascular network.The arterial occlusion ofthe mesencephalon can also produce various syndromes.
作者
秦登友
赵敏学(指导)
Qin Dengyou(Department of Anatomy,Anhui Medical College)
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
1983年第3期267-273,共7页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
