摘要
过去二十年,国家功能的失效和衰退问题被视为安全和发展援助领域的重大挑战。20世纪60年代的民主化、现代化危机和80年代末大量的内战冲突使"失败国家"进入政策视野。"脆弱国家"概念则由发展援助机构提出和推广使用。20世纪90年代末对发展—安全联结的热烈讨论,使"脆弱国家"框架开始纳入安全维度。作为国家机制衰败的极端表现,"失败国家"也出现被并入内涵更大、更易被接受的"脆弱国家"概念的趋向,特别是在发展、人道主义援助与建设和平领域。不论"失败国家"还是"脆弱国家",都加大了西方干预的可能性,存在很多问题和改进的空间,尤其要打破两个概念背后所蕴含的西方中心主义迷恋,真正地关注"当地"。
Over the past two decades,the failure and decline of state functions has been seen as a major challenge in the field of security and development assistance.The democratization,modernization crisis in the 1960 s and the massive civil conflicts in the late 1980 s brought failed state into the policy horizon.The 9.11 incident made this kind of stigmatization and securitization popular.The concept of fragile state is proposed and promoted by development aid agencies.In the late 1990 s,however,the intense discussion of development-security linkages led to the introduction of a security dimension to the fragile state framework.As an extreme manifestation of the failure of state institutions,there has also been a tendency for failed state to be incorporated into the larger and more acceptable concept of fragile state,particularly in the areas of development,humanitarian assistance and peacebuilding.Both failed state and fragile state increase the possibility of western intervention,and there are many problems and room for improvement.In particular,we should break the western centralism obsession behind the two concepts and really focus on the local.
作者
李因才
Li Yincai(Institute of International Studies,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200020,China)
出处
《教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期48-58,共11页
Teaching and Research
基金
国家社科基金重点项目“中国特色国际组织外交的理论与实践创新研究”(项目号:20AZD099)的阶段性成果
上海社会科学院2020年院招标课题“疫情冲击下中非安全合作的空间与路径选择”的资助
关键词
失败国家
脆弱国家
安全
发展援助
政策演变
failed state
fragile state
security
development assistance
policy evolution
作者简介
李因才,上海社会科学院国际问题研究所副研究员(上海200020)。
