摘要
尼泊尔位于喜马拉雅山中段南麓,地处中国西藏高原和印度平原之间。加德满都谷地是尼泊尔的文化中心。尼泊尔文化以三个城市王国为代表,它们保留了中世纪城市面貌和尼瓦丽建筑风格,作为加德满都谷地文化在1979年被列入世界文化遗产。尼泊尔建筑即尼瓦丽建筑,学者们对它的起源提出了不同假设:中国、印度、当地。但都没有直接资料可供讨论,尼瓦丽建筑历史至今仍是未解之谜。笔者从表层和结构两方面对尼瓦丽建筑进行考察,范围从住宅、塔庙、驿亭到宫楼和宫庙,分析其建筑构成,进行结构分类,继而趋近原型并找出原型到类型的衍生规律,并将之与中国建筑资料进行比较,以明尼瓦丽建筑结构系统之源流。
Nepalese architecture is Newari architecture named after the people who built it in the Katmandu Valley.The origin of the Newari architecture is a question in the minds of both those who are interest in Chinese architecture or Indian architecture and who are fascinated by Newari architecture or Himalayan architecture.The Newari architecture is regarded as the pagoda style.About the origin of this style,there are different suggestions:derived from China,since they resemble the Chinese pagodas;from India where the style was disappeared;and the indigenous architecture of the land.This study looks at the forms,materials and structures of the Newari architecture from houses,palaces to temples and pagodas.We use typological analysis to classify and to obtain information about their prototypes.We compare them with the Chinese architecture,which leads us to identify the Newari origin.
出处
《中国建筑史论汇刊》
2019年第2期-,共30页
Journal of Chinese Architecture History
关键词
尼瓦丽建筑
材料
结构
类型
原型
源流
Newari architecture
material
structure
type
prototype
paradigm
