摘要
国际上对基础科研的资助普遍采取稳定性支持与竞争性支持相结合的双重资助体系。针对我国科技界普遍反映的“竞争性过度”问题,本文在开展广泛国内外调研对比的基础上,对我国稳定性支持与竞争性支持的实践工作进行了深度辨析。分析认为,该问题背后深层次的原因并不在于“经费”本身,也不在于“竞争”这一能发挥择优和激励功效的遴选方式,而在于国家级竞争类项目在各类事关科技人员成长的环节中影响力权重过大,同时机构自主使用的稳定性经费在实际操作过程中大多以竞争性模式分配,没有起到稳定性经费应该起到的培育和扶植作用。解决竞争性过度问题需要从科技计划项目管理、机构分类改革、科研人员薪酬制度改革、科技评价改革等多个方面协调推进,单纯增加稳定性支持经费并不是解决科研过度竞争问题的灵丹妙药。
The dual funding system of stability support combined with competitive support is generally adopted internationally.Aiming at the problem of‘excessive competition’widely reflected in science and technology circle in China,this paper is based on extensive research and comparison at home and abroad,carried out an in-depth analysis for the practice of stability support and competitive support in our country.The analysis concludes that the underlying reasons behind the problem does not lie in‘funding’itself,nor is it‘competition’,which can give play to merit and incentive effects.However,those competitive projects have too much influence in various aspects of the development of science and technology personnel.Also,most of the stability funds used by institutions are distributed in a competitive mode in the actual operation process,which does not play the role of cultivating and supporting as it should be.To solve the problem of excessive competition,it is necessary to coordinate and promote the management of science and technology plans,reforms in the areas of institution classification,salary system for scientific research personnel,and science and technology evaluation.Simply increasing funding for stability support is not a panacea for solving the over-competition problem in scientific research.
作者
黄璐
蔡依洁
徐洪
郑永和
HUANG Lu;CAI Yi-jie;XU Hong;ZHENG Yong-he(School of Management and Economics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Research Institute of Beijing Normal University,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Research Institute of Science Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《科学学研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期464-471,共8页
Studies in Science of Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(21ZDA017)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72274013)
关键词
稳定性支持
竞争性支持
科研经费
投入结构
过度竞争
stability support
competitive support
scientific research funds
input structure
excessive competition
作者简介
黄璐(1984-),女,教授,博士;蔡依洁(2000-),女,硕士研究生;通讯作者:徐洪(1981-),女,副研究员,博士,E-mail:xu⁃hong@bnu.edu.cn;郑永和(1964-),男,教授。
