摘要
随着人口老龄化的快速发展,我国高龄、失能老年群体的比重上升,且由于计划生育政策和城市化进程加快,家庭少子化、家中剩余劳动力减少和空巢老年人、丁克老年人现象更加普遍。传统家庭照护模式难以适应社会需要,有必要发展长期照护社会保险来分担照护负担。然而,中国当前的长期照护保险还只是处于试点阶段,相关法律法规、政策制度也较为匮乏,有待进一步健全。为此,需借鉴国内外相关制度在长期照护的保障范围、资金筹集、给付方式等方面的经验并吸取其教训,构建中国长期照护保险法律制度。未来可主要从以下方面进行创制:确定长期照护法律关系主体,建立多元化的筹资机制和包括"照护时间积分制"在内的节资机制,制订统一科学的长期照护需求评估量表,完善包括照护服务、照护津贴、照护者津贴、设施建设等在内的多层次给付体系,完善监督和争议解决机制。
With the rapid development of population aging,the proportion of the oldest old and the elderly with physical impairments in China is rising.At the same time,due to the impact of the family planning policy and the accelerated urbanization process,the youth population and the working population are falling;by contrast,empty nesters and the“dink”elderly are more common.As a consequence,traditional family care models can no longer adapt to social needs,and it is necessaiy to develop long-term care social insurance to share the care burden.However,China's long-term care insurance is still in the pilot stage,and relevant laws,regulations,and policies are still to be further developed.To this end,to build China's long-term care insurance legal system,it is necessary to learn from relevant systems both at home and abroad in terms of care coverage,fund raising,payment methods,etc.We can make an effort from the following aspects.First,identifying the subject of legal relation for long-term care and establishing a diversified financing mechanism and a fund-saving scheme including the"cafe time integration system Secondly,formulating a unified scientific long-term care needs assessment scale.Thirdly,improving the multi-level payment system including care service,care allowance,subsidies for the care giver,facilities construction and so on.Fourthly,improving supervision and dispute resolution mechanisms.
作者
隋论论
SUI Lunlun(Law College,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong Province,China)
出处
《老龄科学研究》
2019年第11期38-51,共14页
Scientific Research on Aging
关键词
长期照护
长期照护保险
社会保险
立法
long-term care
long-tenn care insurance
social insurance
legislation
作者简介
隋论论(1995-),山东青岛人,青岛人学法学院硕士研究生,研究方向为民商法
