摘要
清朝乾隆年间统一新疆后,北路伊犁与东路乌鲁木齐两地军府体制逐步建立,随之而来的大量满汉官兵及外藩朝贡人员对口粮稻米大量需求,促使两地开展水稻种植。文章利用满汉文档案资料详细探讨了伊犁与乌鲁木齐等地的水稻种植始末,包括试种时间、稻种来源、种植形式与收获分成等内容,并指出两地水稻种植的总体特色(兵屯、民屯、旗屯与商屯并存,汉人、满人及维吾尔人均参与其中),这些特征正是清朝治理新疆期间当地人文政治地理、自然经济地理及族群分布格局的真实反映。
After the Qing Dynasty unified Xinjiang in the Qianlong period,a military government system was gradually established in Ili and Urumqi.A large number of Manchu and Han officials and foreign envoys came so that the demand for rice increased.It was imperative to promote rice planting in the abovementioned two areas.This paper uses manju and nikan archival sources to discuss the process of rice planting in Ili and Urumqi,the sub-topics include the trial time,the sources of rice seeds,the planting forms,the amount and distribution of the harvest,and so on.This paper reveals some general characteristics of rice planting activities in these two areas,where soldiers reclamation,farmers reclamation,the Eight Banners reclamation,and the merchants reclamation coexisted,and the Han,the Manchu,and the Uygur all participated in rice planting.These characteristics are also truthful reflections of the local human-political geography,the natural-economic the geography and distribution pattern of the ethnic groups during the Qing governance of Xinjiang.
作者
王启明
Wang Qiming(Institute for Western Frontier Region of China,Shaanxi Normal University 710062,China)
出处
《历史地理研究》
2020年第3期86-98,154-155,共15页
The Chinese Historical Geography
基金
陕西师范大学中央高校科研业务经费“清代回疆换防八旗满文档案的翻译整理与研究”(校20190290)
作者简介
王启明,男,1984年生,陕西兴平人,博士,陕西师范大学中国西部边疆研究院副研究员,主要从事清代西北边疆史研究。
