“境界”的美学身份演进考

The Evolution of the Aesthetic Meanings of“Jingjie”

导出

摘要 “境界”是中国美学、艺术学中特有的核心概念,在不同的历史时期持续发挥着重要影响。“境界”观念肇始于音乐领域,由时间之“竟”和空间之“境”演化而来,同周汉时期的儒家美学,魏晋南北朝时期的玄、道美学和佛典汉译,以及唐代的文学艺术高峰均有着密切关联。作为美学范畴的“境界”,先后经历了音乐和地理上的时空具象表达,文学领域形式、本体和最高水准的批评话语指涉,最终抽象为具有层级属性意涵的本体存在。唐后世代,“境界”凭借自身完备的审美属性与艺术张力,不断融合其他美学范畴,但在本质属性上却再无扩容。总之,中国美学的“境界”范畴是沿着“乐”“文”“艺”的路径不断发展而完善的。 “Jingjie”(境界)is a unique and core concept in Chinese aesthetics and art that has consistently wielded significant influence throughout various historical periods.It originated in the domain of music,evolving from the completion in time(竟,“Time's Jing”)and spatial realm(境,“Space's Jing”).It is closely connected with a variety of Chinese philosophical and religious ideas,such as Confucian aesthetics during the Zhou and Han dynasties,the aesthetics of Daoism and Xuanism,Chinese translation of Buddhist classics during the Wei,Jin,and Southern Dynasties,and the literary and artistic zenith of the Tang Dynasty.As an aesthetic category,“Jingjie”relevant to concrete expressions in the domains of music and geography,depicting temporal and spatial concreteness.In the realm of literature and art,it evolved into a discourse encompassing form,essence,and the highest standard of critical dialogue,ultimately abstracting into an ontological existence with hierarchical connotations.In the post-Tang generations,“Jingjie,”with its own perfect aesthetic attributes and artistic vitality,continued to integrate with other aesthetic categories,yet its essential attributes remained unchanged.In summary,the category of“Jingjie”in Chinese aesthetics has continually developed and matured along the paths of“music,”“literature,”and“art”.

作者庞薇薇赵德鸿 Pang Weiwei;Zhao Dehong

机构地区哈尔滨师范大学文学院北华航天工业学院

出处《中国美学》 2024年第1期139-152,共14页 Chinese Aesthetics

基金国家社科基金艺术学项目“中国文艺‘人民性’的历史演进与理论突破”(23BA029) 哈尔滨师范大学博士研究生创新基金重点项目“顾随诗学研究”(HSDBSCX2021-110)阶段性成果

关键词境境界意境成于乐品 “Jing”(境) “Jingjie”(境界) “Yijing”(意境,Aesthetic Conception) “Cheng Yu Yue”(Achieved with Music) Ontology of Literature and Art

分类号 B83-0 [哲学宗教—美学]

作者简介庞薇薇,哈尔滨师范大学文学院博士研究生,北华航天工业学院讲师,主要研究方向为美学、文艺理论;赵德鸿,哈尔滨师范大学文学院教授,主要研究方向为美学、文艺理论。