摘要
WTO争端解决机制的司法化,其初衷是试图减少政治协商的拖沓并提升国际贸易治理的法治化水平,但随着争端解决机制在实践中权力的扩大以及越来越多的司法造法行为的出现,美国等国也一改其对机制的支持立场,认为争端机制的裁决不公平,而中美实力差距的显著缩小也使得美国对于争端解决机制的态度进一步恶化。本文认为,WTO争端解决机制的司法化有一定的合理性和必要性,但过度的司法化也存在问题,因为国际贸易争端不仅仅是法律问题,也是政治问题。本文建议,WTO的争端解决机制需要进行一定程度的去司法化,引入更多的政治制衡,平衡成员方的权利和义务,尽量避免将WTO机制推倒重来。
The judicialization of WTO dispute settlement mechanism has been conceived to reduce the timing-consuming political consultation and promote the rule of law in international trade governance.This tendency was supported by the United States from the beginning,but the US became more and more dissatisfied with it for the mechanism gradually increases its power and judicial law-making behavior and the US thinks that the mechanism's many decisions are unfair to it.The article thinks that the judicialization of WTO dispute settlement mechanism is reasonable and necessary to some extent,but the over judicialization will also lead to problems because international trade disputes are not only legal issues,but also political issues.The article suggests that the dispute settlement mechanism can realize the de-judicialization to some extent,introduce more political check to balance the rights and obligations of WTO members,and thus try to avoid complete re-establishment of the postwar trade system.
作者
宋伟
罗姝瑶
Song Wei;Luo Shuyao(School of International Studies,Renmin University of China)
出处
《世界政治研究》
2020年第1期100-124,154,共26页
World Politics Studies
关键词
WTO
争端解决机制
司法化
中美关系
WTO
Dispute Settlement Mechanism
Judicialization
Sino-US Relationship
作者简介
宋伟,中国人民大学国际关系学院教授;罗姝瑶,中国人民大学国际关系学院博士研究生。
