摘要
目的了解引起北京市丰台区哨点医院急性呼吸道感染的状况及病原学特征。方法收集2021年3月-2022年2月就诊于北京市丰台区三家哨点医院的急性呼吸道感染病例,采集其咽拭子、痰液、器官抽吸物等病原学标本,采用多重实时荧光聚合酶链式反应检测常见的12种呼吸道病原体,包括呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、A型流感病毒(FluA)(H1N1和A3)、FluB(V系和Y系)、副流感病毒(PIV)(1~4型)、鼻病毒(RhV)、腺病毒(AdV)、冠状病毒(CoV,包括OC43、229E、NL63和HKU1)、偏肺病毒(MPV)、肠道病毒(EV)、新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2,ORF1ab基因和N基因)、肺炎衣原体(Cpn)、肺炎支原体(MP)。比较呼吸道病原体检出率与季节、性别、年龄及病例类型的关系,分析门急诊病例和住院病例、不同医院病例的呼吸道病原体检出率。结果464份标本中,阳性检出率为16.16%(75/464),检出率最高的3种病原体依次为RSV(3.66%)、RhV(2.80%)和PIV(2.59%)。冬季的阳性检出率高于其他季节(χ^(2)=35.91,P<0.01),0~4岁人群阳性率最高(χ^(2)=103.15,P<0.01),上呼吸道感染病例的病原体检出率明显高于肺炎病例(χ^(2)=42.83,P<0.01),门急诊病例的病原体检出率明显高于住院病例(χ^(2)=29.89,P<0.01),处于人口流动性大位置的医院的病原体检出率高于其他医院(χ^(2)=19.62,P<0.01),差异均有统计学意义。结论RSV、RhV和PIV是北京市丰台区哨点医院流行的常见呼吸道病毒,0~4岁婴幼儿是感染的主要人群,呼吸道病原体感染的高发期是冬季,2020-2021年新冠疫情防控措施明显降低了FluA、FluB及MP的感染。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pathogen infection in patient with acute respiratory tract infections(ARIs)in Fengtai district sentinel hospitals in Beijing.Methods The throat swabs,sputum and tracheal aspirates were collected from the patient with ARIs in 3 sentinel hospitals in Fengtai from March of 2021 to February of 2022.Multiple real-time PCR was used to detect twelve pathogens,including respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),influenza A virus(FluA)(H1N1,A3),FluB(V,Y),parainfluenza virus(PIV)(type1-4),rhinovirus(RhV),adenovirus(AdV),coronavirus(CoV)(included OC43,229E,NL63,HKU1),metapneumovirus(MPV),enterovirus(EV),severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)(ORF1a gene and N gene),Chlamydia pneumoniae(Cpn),Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP).The detection rate of respiratory pathogens was related with season,sex,age and the type of disease,and analyzed between the outpatient department and emergency departments and in-patient departments and among different hospitals.Results The positive rate of pathogen was 16.16%(75/464).RSV was the mostly detected pathogen,accounting for 3.66%,followed by RhV(2.80%)and PIV(2.59%).The positive rate of pathogen in winter was significantly higher than other seasons(χ^(2)=35.91,P<0.01).The positive rate in 0-4 years old group was the highest(χ^(2)=103.15,P<0.01).The positive rate in patient with upper respiratory tract infections was higher than that of the patient with pneumonia(χ^(2)=42.83,P<0.01).The positive rate was higher in outpatient department and emergency departments than in in-patient departments(χ^(2)=29.89,P<0.01).The positive rate in samples from the hospital with more complexity was higher than those of the other hospitals(χ^(2)=19.62,P<0.01).Conclusions RSV,RhV and PIV were common respiratory pathogens in Fengtai sentinel hospitals.The main affecting population of common respiratory pathogens was children under 4 years old.The infection rate showed a peak in winter.In 2021-2022,the prevention and control of COVID-19 significantly reduced the incidence of FluA,FluB and MP.
作者
王世斌
颜涛
尹松月
WANG Shibin;YAN Tao;YIN Songyue(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Beijing Fengtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100070,China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2024年第1期125-129,共5页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
国家科技重大专项(2017ZX10103004)
关键词
急性呼吸道感染
聚合酶联反应
病原谱分析
Acute respiratory infection
Polymerase chain reaction
Pathogenic spectrum analysis
作者简介
王世斌(1974-),女,博士,副主任检验技师,从事病原微生物检验工作,E-mail:shibinwang@126.com
