摘要
容忍义务系指他人法律行为、轻微违法行为、履行义务行为及事实行为对某人造成合理正当限度内微额不利益及不便或虽非合理正当但于法有据时,认为自己利益受损者原本有权提出反对或异议但此时却应以不作为方式忍受该行为及其后果以确保行为人获取利益的拘束力。其理论基石包括交易基础瑕疵学说、宽容原则理论和个人与社会调和思想。容忍义务是真善美之朴素正义观在现代民法中的化身,是对"自由""克己""宽容""性善"等概念的最佳诠释。我国民法典立法模式宜为:总则编予以统领性规定,物权编详尽设计,侵权编酝酿损害赔偿请求权和保护令状请求权,其他各编无须设计,而是通过判例予以阐释。容忍义务之真谛系协调权利冲突时各方主体间的利益衡平,以彰显社会公平正义。
Duty of tolerance mears,when the legal acts of others,minor offenses or other behaviour have caused Minor economicdisadvantages or inconvenience within a minimal or tolerable limit,while the affected party has the legal right to raise objectionsor take legal actions,but instead refraining from taking actions and chooses non-action or forbearance for best of the one’s interests.The theoretical cornerstones include the basics of trading,the theory of tolerance,and the idea of harmony between individuals and society.Forbearance in contract law and tort law is primarily reflected in the context of irregularities of contractual performance,while in inheritance law and family law it is embodied in the reasonable restrictions of the rights to inherit and otherspousal rights.The obligation of tolerance is the embodiment of the simple justice concept of truth,goodness and beauty in modern civil law,and the best interpretation of the concepts of"freedom","self-denial","tolerance"and"goodness of nature".The legislative mode of the Chinese Civil Code should be as follows:the general provisions contain directional general rules,theproperty laws contain detailed designs,the tort laws provide for the rights to claim damages and protective writ,while rules inother sections should be derived from the precedent established by previous decisions.The essence of the obligation of tolerance isto balance the interests of all parties in the conflict of rights so as to manifest social fairness and justice.
作者
秦伟
杨姿
QIN Wei;YANG Zi(School of Law,Shandong University,Qiangdao Shandong 266237,China)
出处
《法学论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期119-128,共10页
Legal Forum
作者简介
秦伟(1967-),男,山东昌乐人,法学博士,山东大学法学院教授、博士生导师,研究方向:民法学;杨姿(1993-),女,山东济南人,山东大学法学院民商法学2018级博士研究生,研究方向:民法学
