摘要
家庭作为智力残疾人个体成长与发展的核心载体,家庭能力直接影响家庭成员对其照护质量和福祉水平,影响家庭功能发挥。文章基于优势视角,以一名三级智力残疾青年及其家庭为例,运用个案访谈法、参与观察法获取第一手资料。研究发现,智力残疾人家庭抗逆力低的原因表现为:家庭照料缺乏经验、亲子关系疏离、家庭结构联合对抗等。聚焦于家庭优势资源与内在力量,整个家庭具有个体改变意识与家庭支持并存的内在优势,以及社会工作与社区照顾专业力量介入的外在优势。基于此,文章从四个层面建构其家庭抗逆力提升路径:从“问题视角”转向“优势视角”:聚焦内在优势与潜在资源;从“问题归因”转向“叙事治疗”:问题外化,重构生命故事;从“个体关注”转向“生态干预”:强调个人与家庭的联结、互动;从“家庭失能”转向“家庭增能”:聚焦家庭关系,展开行为增能。
As the core carrier of the growth and development of individuals with intellectual disabilities,the family’s ability directly affects the quality of care and well-being for its members,impacting the functioning of the family.Based on the perspective of strengths,this article takes a young adult with grade III intellectual disability and his family as an example,and using case interviews and participatory observation to obtain first-hand information.Research has found that the reasons for the low resilience of families with intellectual disabilities include lack of experience in family caregiving,estranged parent-child relationships,and joint resistance of family structure.Focusing on family's advantage resources and internal strength,the whole family has the internal advantages of individual change consciousness and family support,as well as the external advantages of social work and professional support in the community.Based on this,the article constructs its path to enhance family resilience from four levels:shifting from a“problem perspective”to a“strength perspective”by focusing on internal strengths and potential resources;transitioning from“problem attribution”to“narrative therapy”by externalizing problems and reconstructing life stories;shifting from“individual focus”to“ecological intervention”by emphasizing the connections and interactions between individuals and families;and shifting from“family dysfunction”to“family empowerment”by focusing on family relationships and promoting behavioral empowerment.
出处
《社会福利》
2023年第9期49-57,共9页
Social Welfare
基金
安徽大学社会与政治学院社会学学科研究生创新项目“增能视角下智力障碍残疾人社会适应能力提升研究”(项目负责人:兰婷,编号:SZCXSGS202206)
安徽大学社会与政治学院MSW研究生案例大赛培育项目“筑爱增能,共享蓝天:智力障碍人士社会适应能力提升项目服务”(项目负责人:兰婷,项目编号:SZMSWPY202306)。
关键词
优势视角
智力残疾
家庭抗逆力
Perspective of Strengths
Intellectual Disability
Family Resilience
作者简介
兰婷,女,安徽大学社会与政治学院硕士研究生。研究方向:特殊社会工作。
