摘要
《教师法(征求意见稿)》和《中小学教育惩戒规则(试行)》明确规定中小学教师拥有教育惩戒权,而未回应幼儿教师的教育惩戒问题。是否应赋予幼儿教师教育惩戒权,与对教师实施教育惩戒正当性基础的认识有关。教师实施教育惩戒的正当性基础之一来自于经验理性。鉴于教育惩戒在古今中外幼儿教育历史中占有重要地位,赋予幼儿教师教育惩戒权具有良好的经验基础。教育惩戒的另一正当性基础来自于逻辑理性。摒弃了体罚和强制的教育惩戒,是通过说服和矫正幼儿不当行为来贯彻幼儿教育意图的重要手段,赋予幼儿教师教育惩戒权能帮助教师更好地组织集体活动和教学游戏,具有现实必要性。当前我国在幼儿教育立法中缺乏对教育惩戒的规定,可能限制幼儿教师的教育手段并最终不利于幼儿教育目的之全面实现。因此,可在《教师法》中增补幼儿教师的教育惩戒权内容,同时在《学前教育法(征求意见稿)》中细化幼儿教师教育惩戒权的行使条件、行使内容以及法律责任等规定。
Teachers’Law(draft for comment)and Punishment Rules for Primary and Secondary Education(Trial)stipulate that primary and secondary school teachers have the right to use educational punishment,which yet is less visible concerning preschool teachers.Whether preschool teachers should be empowered to discipline students is related to the interpretation of the legitimacy of teachers'educational punishment,and can be justified by empirical rationality and logical rationality.The empowerment of preschool teachers is empirically supported by the important role played by educational punishment in the history of preschool education,and also logically evidenced by the necessity to correct students’misbehaviors and manage the class against the prohibition on compulsory and corporal punishment.However,lack of legal provisions may negatively impact teachers’way of instruction and the overall goal of preschool education.It is suggested in this article that Teachers’Law could empower preschool teachers to use educational punishment,and more details could be added in Preschool Education Law(draft for comments)on the conditions,contents and legal liability.
作者
孙悠夏
SUN Youxia(School of Foreign Languages,School of Social Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241)
出处
《教育发展研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第15期80-87,共8页
Research in Educational Development
关键词
幼儿教师
教育惩戒
教育立法
preschool teacher
educational punishment
legislation on education
