摘要
海岸带既是区域经济发展的黄金地带,亦是陆海系统交互胁迫的敏感区域,快速城镇化与工业化导致海岸带关键生态系统服务受损、生态网络格局紊乱、珍稀物种安全保障空间萎缩等重大生态安全问题。以闽三角海岸带珍稀物种-栖息地系统为研究对象,从“多物种-多生境-多尺度”视角出发,基于陆海统筹理念系统评估了闽三角海岸带珍稀物种-栖息地系统的脆弱性,建立了基于物种水平的海岸带生态保护与修复网络,构建了海岸带陆海统筹生态安全“一张图”。研究结果表明:(1)高强度围填海驱动下,闽三角红树林与水鸟栖息地脆弱性显著增加,高脆弱区域主要集中于九龙江河口、厦门同安湾和泉州湾;(2)闽三角生态安全网络由12条水鸟迁徙廊道和11个生态节点组成,其中影响陆海统筹生态安全的生态节点4个,预警生态节点3个;(3)闽三角海岸带未来安全韧性生境(水鸟栖息地与文昌鱼、中国鲎低脆弱生境较密集的区域)分布于云霄红树林保护区、东山岛近岸、九龙江河口、厦门大嶝海域、围头湾、深沪湾。本研究能够为设计规划未来韧性海岸带“受损海水-滨海湿地-珍稀物种”一体化修复与保护的生态安全格局,保障陆海统筹生态安全提供理论支撑和一体化解决方案。
Coastal zone is the critical zone of economic development and also the sensitive area affected by land-sea interaction stresses.Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to various coastal ecological security issues,such as the degradation of key ecosystem services,the disorder of ecological network pattern,and the shrinking of natural habitats for rare species.Based on the theory of land-sea integration,we evaluated the ecological vulnerability from the perspective of"multiple species habitats scales",established the ecological protection and restoration network on the species level,and developed"one map"of coastal ecological security by integrating land-sea ecosystems in the coastal zone of Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou megalopolis.Our results are followed:(1)the vulnerability of mangrove and waterfowl habitat had significantly increased due to the highly intensive reclamation,and the high vulnerable areas were mainly concentrated in Jiulong River Estuary,Tong′an Bay and Quanzhou Bay;(2)The ecological security network was consisted of 12 waterfowl migration corridors and 11 ecological nodes,including 4 ecological nodes affecting ecological security of land-sea integration and 3 early warning ecological nodes;(3)The resilient habitats in coastal zone(areas with densely low fragile habitat of waterfowl,amphioxus and Chinese horseshoe crabs)were distributed in Yunxiao mangrove reserve,the nearshore of Dongshan Island,Jiulongjiang Estuary,Dadeng sea area of Xiamen,Weitou Bay,and Shenhu Bay.Our study can provide theoretical supports and integrated solution for designing a resilient coastal zone with the vulnerable coastal ecosystem and rare species,protecting the ecological security of land-sea integation.
作者
范冰雄
李杨帆
张雪婷
李艺
FAN Bingxiong;LI Yangfan;ZHANG Xueting;LI Yi(Key Laboratory of Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems(Ministry of Education),College of the Environment and Ecology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期962-972,共11页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41701205)
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502900)
关键词
生态安全格局
脆弱性
生态网络
陆海统筹
海岸带
ecological security pattern
vulnerability
ecological network
land-sea integration
coastal zone
作者简介
通讯作者:李杨帆,E⁃mail:yangf@xmu.edu.cn
