摘要
本文基于支农支出的总量、结构、政府间分布与地区间分布的视角,总结了新中国成立七十年来财政支农支出的变迁。主要发现如下:第一,七十年来,财政支农支出总量显著增加,农业支持强度和重视程度也显著增强。第二,财政支农支出结构显著优化,支出结构从重点支持农业生产、水利建设转向对农业、农村和农民的全面支持。第三,中央财政一度在基本建设中有较高比重,但多数时期支农支出主要由地方财政承担。第四,农业支持强度存在显著的区域差异与省际差异,但地区间差异逐渐缩小。总体而言,七十年来国家对农业、农村和农民由“取”向“予”转变,成功构建起城市支持农村,城乡公共资源均衡配置的财政支持框架;但支农支出在效率提升和结构改革等方面仍有改进空间。
From the view of volume,structure and distribution,this paper examines China's public spending on agriculture in the past seventy years.We have four major findings.Firstly,China's public spending on agriculture has increased a lot in the past seventy years.Meanwhile,the intensity and importance attached to it have been obviously enhanced.Secondly,the structure of agricultural spending has improved radically.We find out that agricultural spending has shifted focus from agricultural production and water conservancy constructions to support in all important sections of agriculture,famers and rural areas.Thirdly,although the central government once played an important role in infrastructure construction,local governments account for most agricultural spending in most years.Fourthly,regional differences in agricultural spending still exist but are getting smaller.In short,in the past seventy years,China has transformed from“taking”to“giving”in agriculture,rural areas and farmers,and successfully built a financial support framework of urban support to rural areas and balanced allocation of public resources between urban and rural areas;however,there is still room for improvement in terms of efficiency and structural reform in the expenditure of agricultural support.
出处
《中国研究》
2022年第1期101-128,339,共29页
China Studies
基金
西南财经大学研究阐释党的十九届六中全会精神专项项目“财政支农视角下我党农业农村农民工作的历史经验研究”(JBK2212011)资助
关键词
农业支出
农林水支出
支出结构
政府间关系
地区差异
public spending on agriculture
public spending on agriculture,forestry and water conservancy
expenditure structure
intergovernmental relations
regional disparity
作者简介
杨良松,经济学博士,西南财经大学财政税务学院副教授(yangls@swufe.edu.cn)。
