摘要
在当事人未明示选择仲裁协议准据法的前提下,如何确定仲裁协议准据法,相关法律规定和司法实务中出现了不同的选择路径,部分国内法和国际法以仲裁地作为确认仲裁协议准据法的因素。以仲裁制度较为成熟的英国为例,司法实务中明确了确定仲裁协议准据法的两种路径,分别是根据合同和仲裁地确定仲裁协议准据法,这两种路径也为其他国家和地区所借鉴。中国《仲裁法》尚未明确规定仲裁地的概念,仲裁地概念的缺失不仅影响仲裁协议的法律适用选择,同时涉及对仲裁的司法监督以及裁决的承认与执行问题。2021年,司法部发布的《中华人民共和国仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》中增加了法院地法这一连结点,作为确定仲裁协议准据法的缺省规则,这一做法会扩大司法对仲裁的干预。因此,有必要引入仲裁地这一重要的法律概念作为判断仲裁协议准据法的连结点,同时结合仲裁协议有效性原则和最密切联系原则,避免法院地法概念的引入,以支持中国国际商事仲裁的发展。
On the premise that the parties have not expressly chosen the law applicable to the arbitration agreement,different routes have emerged in the relevant legal provisions and judicial practices as to how to determine the law applicable to the arbitration agreement.Some domestic and international laws take the seat of arbitration as a factor for confirming the law applicable to the arbitration agreement.In the United Kingdom,for example,where the arbitration system is well developed,two paths for determining the law applicable to the arbitration agreement have been identified in judicial practice,namely,to determine the law applicable to the arbitration agreement based on the contract,and the seat of the arbitration,which has been learnt by other countries and regions.China’s Arbitration Law has not yet clearly stipulated the concept of the seat of arbitration.The lack of the seat of arbitration not only affects the choice of law applicable to the arbitration agreement,but also involves the judicial supervision of arbitration and the recognition and enforcement of the award.And in the latest Arbitration Law of the People’s Republic of China(Revised)(Draft for Opinion),the addition of the conjunction of the lex fori as the default rule for determining the law applicable to the arbitration agreement will expand judicial intervention in arbitration.Therefore,it is necessary to introduce the important legal concept of the seat of arbitration as a connecting point for determining the law applicable to the arbitration agreement,while considering the principle of favor validitatis of the arbitration agreement and the principle of the closest connection,and avoiding the introduction of the lex fori,in order to support the development of international commercial arbitration in China.
出处
《商事仲裁与调解》
2024年第3期23-35,共13页
Commercial Arbitration & Mediation
基金
武汉东湖学院青年教师科研人文社科基金项目《仲裁协议准据法的比较研究》(项目编号:2023dhsk029)的研究成果
关键词
国际商事仲裁协议
法律适用
仲裁地
有效性
international commercial arbitration agreement
applicable law
seat of arbitration
validity
作者简介
李淑颖,武汉东湖学院讲师
