摘要
声调有长短高低之别,不管是调型变化还是调长变化,都属于变调。Z变调见于晋冀鲁豫陕五省Z变区绝大部分方言中,有调型改变式和字调延长式两种类型。总体来看,Z变调的演变分为三个阶段:阶段Ⅰ都读长调,阶段Ⅱ部分读长调、部分读同单字调,阶段Ⅲ都读同单字调。真正没有Z变调或者说完全读同单字调的方言,只见于阶段Ⅲ的少数几个方言。不同Z变调的形成可能与轻声的音高表现和调位中和程度密切相关。
Both the change of tonotype and duration are tone sandhi.Z tone sandhi,including tonotype-changing type and duration-changing type,can be found in most dialects in Shanxi,Hebei,Shandong,He'nan and Shaanxi provinces that Z type sound discrimination happens.There are three stages of Z tone sandhi evolution on the whole.Only long tone can be found in stageⅠ,while long tone and tones the same with citation tones in stageⅠ,and only tones the same with citation tones in stageⅡ.Dialects without Z tone sandhi are few and can only be found in stageⅡ.The formation of different type of Z tone sandhi may be closely related to the pitch of neutral tone and the degree of tonal neutralization.
基金
国家社科基金项目“晋冀豫三省交界地带晋语儿化的类型及其历史演变研究”(20BYY048)
天津师范大学青年科研拔尖人才培育计划(52WX1703)资助
关键词
Z变调
认识理念
总体分布
演变阶段
形成原因
Z tone sandhi
cognitive concept
overall distribution
evolution stage
cause of formation
作者简介
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