摘要
经济全球化的进展使平行进口成为促进贸易自由有效便捷的手段之一,其中的商标保护问题由于牵扯诸多因素而具有复杂性。美国和欧盟在平行进口中商标侵权的认定上积累了大量经验。比较二者的司法实践,双方都是基于商标功能和商誉,并结合利益平衡来判定"混淆可能性"。美国对造成商标侵权"混淆可能性"的判定采取"非物质性差异"标准,尽可能杜绝侵害商标功能和商誉的风险;欧盟在"混淆可能性"判定上采取"外在的物质性"差异标准,保障欧盟内部商品自由流通和市场一体化。我国宜结合二者之优点,酌情扩大考量范围,保护商标功能和企业商誉。
With the development of globalization,parallel importation has been one of the efficient instruments to promote free trade worldwide. However,the trademark protection involved in parallel importation is complex as it concerns many elements. The U.S. and EU have accumulated a lot of experience. Both of them combine the protection of function and goodwill of trademark with balance of interest to determine the "likelihood of confusion". The U.S. adopts non-physical material differences standard to determine the "likelihood of confusion" so as to prevent any risks of damages to function and goodwill of trademark while the European Court of Justice adopts physical and material difference standard to ensure the free movement of goods and integration of market inside EU. China needs to take the advantages of the U.S. and EU and widen the scope of consideration as appropriate so as to protect the function and goodwill of trademark.
作者
马旭霞
MA Xu-xia(School of Law,Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018)
出处
《新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第6期135-144,共10页
Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
2019年度浙江省杭州市哲学社会科学规划课题“跨境电商平台下商标平行进口的‘混淆可能性’研究”(Z19JC070)的阶段性成果.
关键词
平行进口
商标侵权
重大差异
利益平衡
Parallel Importation
Trademark Infringement
Major Difference
Balance of Interests
作者简介
马旭霞,浙江财经大学法学院讲师。
