摘要
东汉以后,"文人无行"成为针对文人群体的主要批评话语。东汉时"文人无行"话语主要侧重于批评文人为求官不择手段,"苟容取幸"的行为;南朝以后,"文人无行"的侧重点转为批评文人倚仗文才傲视他人,"恃才傲物"的行为。"文人无行"批评话语的演化,反映出两汉到魏晋南北朝取士标准由"以德取士"到"以文取士"的转变,也体现了中国古代文人拥有社会地位却缺少相应权力保障的生存状况。
After the Eastern Han Dynasty,the phrase"literati conduct immorally"("文人无行")became the main criticism of the literati community.During the Eastern Han Dynasty,the"literati conduct immorally"discourse was mainly focused on criticizing literati for their"unscrupulous"behaviour in seeking officials.After the Southern Dynasty,the focus of the"literati conduct immorally"discourse shifted to criticizing the behavior of literati who relied on their literary talent to treat others with pride and arrogance.The evolution of the critical discourse reflects the change of the criteria for selecting a scholar from"selecting a scholar by virtue"to"selecting a scholar by writing"from the Han Dynasty to the Wei Jin and the Northern and Southern Dynasties.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第5期165-174,共10页
Academic Monthly
关键词
文士
文人无行
取士标准
恃才傲物
literati
"literati conduct immorally"
the criteria for selecting a scholar
medieval China
作者简介
徐俪成,华东师范大学中文系讲师
