摘要
西部地区脱贫攻坚已然成为新时期我国彻底解决区域性整体贫困的"深水区"与"攻克堡垒"。本文借助国定贫困县"摘帽"这一典型事实并构建农村反贫困决定理论框架,以西部地区2008年到2016年81个国定贫困县的经济社会数据为样本,实证对比考察了助推西部地区农村快速脱贫的主导性因素及其影响差异。结果表明:居民储蓄率、产业结构、政府财政能力和金融发展程度是贫困县能否"摘帽"的决定性因素;但贫困县在脱贫攻坚发展过程中仍要持续注重扩大居民消费和扩大基础设施供给的基础性减贫作用。当前地方政府积极推动的大规模农转非城镇化虽然有利于增加农民收入,但对于壮大教育医疗等能力减贫渠道而言具有明显的排斥和挤出效应,因此应当持谨慎态度。研究还发现国定贫困县这一外生制度身份可能通过影响财政行为而对贫困县如期"摘帽"产生了负面效应,为了抑制这一效应,地方政府应尽可能增加公共服务类支出,同时积极动员社会资源,以免落入国定贫困县"输血式"救济陷阱。
Poverty alleviation in the western region has become the "deep water zone" and "conquering fortress" in China in the new era in order to completely solve the regional poverty. Taking advantage of the typical fact of removing caps from national poverty-stricken counties and building a theoretical framework for rural anti-poverty decisions, this paper examines the main factors that contribute to the rapid poverty alleviation in rural areas in the western region using the economic and social data of 81 nationally designated poverty counties from 2008 to 2016 in the western region as a sample. The results show that the household savings rate, industrial structure, government financial capacity and financial development are the decisive factors leading to the cap removal of poor counties. However, poverty-stricken counties must continue to focus on the basic poverty alleviation effect of expanding household consumption and expanding infrastructure supply in the process of poverty alleviation. Although the large-scale agricultural conversion and non-urbanization that the local government actively promotes is conducive to increasing farmers’ income, it has obvious exclusion and crowding out effect on strengthening the channels of poverty alleviation such as education and medical care, Therefore should be cautious. The study also found that the status of the exogenous system in the national poverty-stricken counties may have a negative effect on the "caps" of the poverty-stricken counties as expected by affecting fiscal behavior. In order to curb this effect, local governments should increase public service expenditures as much as possible while actively mobilizing social resources so as not to fall into the "transfusion-type" relief trap of the national poverty-stricken counties.
作者
段龙龙
王林梅
Longlong Duan;Linmei Wang
出处
《中国公共政策评论》
2020年第1期30-49,共20页
Chinese Public Policy Review
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“新时代建设现代化经济体系的理论依据及指标体系构建研究”(编号:18XKS009)
中央高校基本科研业务费项目“农村集体经济多种实现形式的培育路径与保障机制研究”(编号:skbsh201817)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
西部地区
农村反贫困
国定贫困县
主导因素
Western Region
Rural Anti-poverty
National Poverty-Stricken County
Dominant Factor
作者简介
段龙龙,四川大学经济学院特聘副研究员,博士后;王林梅,四川大学人口研究所副研究员,博士后。
