新设高铁站推动了非中心城市的经济活动分散化吗——基于微观地理数据的经验证据被引量：2

Does the Construction of New High-speed Railway Station Promote the Decentralization of Economic Activities in Non-central Cities:Evidence from the Micro-geographic Data

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摘要快速城市化带来了大城市中心城区的人地压力,从而产生了发展次中心的客观需求,但非中心城市是否存在类似的发展需求?在高铁新城建设成为众多高铁城市的发展战略的背景下,本文关注新设立的高铁站对于中小城市内部的经济活动分布的影响。借助微观地理尺度的夜间灯光、土地出让以及工商企业注册数据,研究发现,高铁设站后非中心城市的夜间灯光亮度呈现分散化趋势,但这一趋势主要由高铁通车后地方政府的城市建设投资偏向郊区所主导。对于地价和企业选址的空间梯度的研究显示,高铁站的设立反而加强了市中心的集聚能力,市场主体的空间分布更加集中于中心城区。这说明中小城市的市中心的集聚远未达到最优水平,因此不具备向外扩散的市场需求。进一步的研究发现,站区附近的土地价格在高铁开通后并未有显著提升。由于新城建设依赖于土地抵押融资,地方政府未来可能将面临偿债危机。 Rapid urbanization has caused pressure of land demand in central districts of mega cities,generating demand for developing sub-centers.Do smaller cities have similar demand?Noticing that the construction of new town has become a common development strategy across high-speed railway(HSR)cities,this paper focuses on the effect of the newly-constructed HSR stations on the internal distribution of economic activities in medium-and small-sized cities.Using the micro dataset of night-light,land transaction and registered firms,we find that the night-light of non-central cities tend to be spatially decentralized after the setup of HSR station,whereas this pattern mainly results from the increased urban infrastructure investment by local government in suburbs.On the contrary,analysis on the spatial gradient of land prices and firm location choices shows that the establishment of new HSR stations has enhanced the agglomeration force of city center,inducing a more centralized spatial pattern of economic factors.This suggests that the central urban area of most medium-and small-sized cities has not yet reached the optimal agglomeration level,therefore these cities lack the market demand for suburban locations.Furthermore,we do not find any significant land price increase around the station area after the opening of HSR station.As most new town construction relies on the land mortgage financing,local governments may face a debt repayment problem in future.

作者王媛刘诗瑶 WANG Yuan;LIU Shiyao(School of Economics,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062)

机构地区华东师范大学经济与管理学部经济学院

出处《中国经济问题》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第6期115-131,共17页 China Economic Studies

基金国家自然科学基金(72174065) 教育部人文社会科学研究基金(21YJC790121) 中央高校基本科研业务费项目华东师范大学新文科创新平台项目(2022ECNU-XWK-SJ08)

关键词空间结构空间梯度高速铁路新城建设 urban internal spatial structure spatial gradient high-speed railway new town construction

分类号 P208 [天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] F532 [经济管理—产业经济] F299.2 [经济管理—国民经济]

作者简介通讯作者:王媛,华东师范大学经济与管理学部经济学院,博士,副教授;刘诗瑶,华东师范大学经济与管理学部经济学院,硕士研究生。