摘要
动物辅助干预是将动物纳入治疗进程或治疗环境因素的一种社会心理干预方式。本文旨在系统性地回顾该项干预在老年群体中的应用及其效果。对1995-2019年间22篇有效研究进行回顾后发现,目前干预主要应用于两类老年群体:一是认知损伤老人,可改善其问题行为、认知功能和情绪状态;二是长期居住于养老机构的老人,可改善其负面情绪,提升生活质量并促进社会互动。在干预机制上,动物被认为能替代或促进人际交流,从而增进社会互动;此外还能使老人体验到控制感与自我价值,从而改善情绪状态。总体而言,动物辅助干预对于维持和改善特定老年群体的心理健康和生活质量有一定助益,但在疗效的普遍性和稳定性上仍有一定问题,而在国内推广的主要障碍是动物的训练和资质认定困难。
Animal-assisted intervention(AAI)is defined as a psychosocial intervention which includes animals as the therapeutic process or milieu.This article aims to conduct a systematically review of the application and effects of animalassisted intervention in the elderly population.After reviewing 22 qualified researches from 1995 to 2019,it is found that the intervention is mainly applied to two elderly groups:the group with cognitive impairment and the group living in nursing institutions.Animal-assisted intervention can improve problem behavior,cognitive function and emotional state in the first group.For the second group,AAI can decrease negative emotions,improve quality of life and promote social interaction.As for underlying mechanisms,it has been proposed that animals can replace or promote interpersonal communication so to have a positive impact on social interaction.The involvement of the animals may also allow the elderly to experience a sense of control and self-worth,which results in an improved emotional state.In general,AAI has been found to have a positive effect in maintaining and even improving the mental health and quality of life for the specific elderly group.However,current studies have also shown that the issue of universality and stability of the effect in AAI needs to be explored.In China,the main barriers for AAI lie in the training and qualification for animals.
作者
刘小琳
高隽
LIU Xiao-lin;GAO Jun(Fudan University,School of Social Development and Public Policy,Department of Psychology,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《中国临床心理学杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期656-660,共5页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology
关键词
动物辅助干预
老年人
认知损伤
养老机构
Animal-assisted intervention
elderly population
cognitive impairment
nursing institution
作者简介
通讯作者:高隽,gaojun82@fudan.edu.cn
