摘要
以中国古代文化为基础,以古代汉语为视角,可以呈现古代"艺术"的产生、演进、展开的丰富体系。从古代文化演进的大势,及其与之关联的语言的语汇变化和语义转换,呈现"艺术"在中国古代不断扩展的整体面貌,即:礼—文—艺一体的起源,先秦强调仪式中技术一面的礼之艺,两汉强调文字高位的文之艺,魏晋之后突出宇宙虚实结构观中虚的一面的术之艺,中唐两宋从文人庭院的审美意识生发出来的玩之艺,两宋以来都市中瓦子勾栏里内容丰富的伎之艺,从《考工记》奠基至宋代开始突显的工之艺。礼之艺、文之艺、术之艺、玩之艺、伎之艺、工之艺,既分别代表了古代艺术演进的时代主潮,又成为中国古代艺术不断展开而形成的体系的构成部分。
The rich system underlying the emergence,evolution and deployment of ancient Chinese art can be presented on the basis of ancient Chinese culture and from the perspective of classical Chinese.Using general trends in the development of classical culture and the vocabulary changes and semantic transformations of the language associated with it,we demonstrate the full face of"art"as it expanded broadly through ancient China;that is,we take the origin of li-wen-yi(ritual—beauty/appearance—technique)as a whole.The art of ritual emphasizes the ritual techniques of the pre-Qin period;the art of literature emphasizes the high status of the written language in the Han dynasty;the arts of necromancy,astrology,medicine,etc.deal with the structure of the cosmic void and actuality following the Wei and Jin dynasties;the art of leisure stems from the aesthetic consciousness of literati gardens from the mid-Tang and Song dynasties;with the Song capitals also being distinguished for the art of performance found in their entertainment venues;and the art of craftsmanship founded on The Book of Diverse Crafts(kaogong ji)and well developed in the Song dynasty.These six types of art not only represent the main trend of the times in the development of classical art,but also became components of an art system that developed unceasingly in ancient China.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期166-185,207-208,共22页
Social Sciences in China
作者简介
张法,四川大学文学与新闻学院教授(成都610064)。
