摘要
网络道德事件是网络群体事件的重要类型,是指网民对发生在他人身上的事件进行道德和价值判断,进而产生出网络集体行动的事件。网络道德事件不同于为个人利益、内群体利益或自我文化信念进行抗争的传统网络事件,它具有由社会认知引发集体行动的典型社会心理特征。本文借鉴道德心理学及不确定性认同理论,采用参与观察法对一例网络道德事件进行分析,研究网络中人们的不确定性认知如何被情绪启动、形成直觉性道德判断并导致网络极端行为的过程。研究发现,在高不确定性的网络信息环境中,青年网民具有迫切减少不确定性认知的动机。同时,网络意见权威通过文字和视频等传播方式,运用带有强烈情绪色彩的描述向青年网民提供看似具有"确定性"的信息,以迎合网民减少认知不确定性的需求。网民在此过程中,被启动出与意见权威期待相同的情绪直觉式道德判断,随之形成群体认同及内群体共识,进而促发网络极端暴力行为。本研究细致区分了网络道德事件不同发展阶段中的信息不确定性程度,分析了网络意见权威如何通过情绪驱动和制造"确定性"信息来影响青年网民的过程,进一步证明了"直觉在前、推理在后"的道德判断以及极端群体认同研究在网络心理研究中的应用意义,也为实际的网络舆论管理工作提供了操作化建议。
Cyber moral event is an important type of cyber group event,which means that Internet users make moral and value judgement the events that occur in others,and then generate collective action in the cyber space.The cyber moral event is different from the traditional cyber event which aims for individual interests,inner-circle group interests or self-cultural beliefs,and has the typical social psychological characteristics of collective action caused by social cognition.Based on moral psychology and uncertainty identity theory,this paper makes a case analysis on a cyber moral event by means of participation observation,and studies how people’s uncertainty in the cyber space is started by emotion,which forms intuitive moral judgment and leads to extreme behavior in the cyber space.It is found that young Internet users have the motivation to reduce uncertainty cognition in high uncertainty cyber information environment.At the same time,the cyber opinion authority can provides young Internet users with seemingly"deterministic"information by means of text and video communication,using a description with strong emotion in order to meet the needs of Internet users to reduce cognitive uncertainty motivation.In this process,Internet users are stimulated with the same emotional intuitive moral judgment as the opinion authority expects,and then form group identity and internal group consensus,and then instigate extreme cyber violence.This study distinguishes the degree of information uncertainty in the different stages of the development of cyber moral events,analyzes how the authority of cyber opinion leader affects the process of young Internet users through emotional-driven and manufacturing"deterministic"information,and further proves the application significance of"intuition before reasoning"moral judgment and extreme group identity research in cyber psychology research.This can provide operational suggestions for the actual cyber public opinion management work.
作者
吴莹
曾子珊
WU Ying;ZENG Zi-shan(School of Ethnology and Sociology,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081;Gradual School of Business Sciences,Humanities and Social Sciences,University of Tsukuba,Tsukuba,Japan 3058577)
出处
《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期71-78,共8页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
2015年度国家社会科学基金一般项目“少数民族青年的不确定性认知、民族国家认同对群际行为的预测研究”(项目编号:15BSH082)的阶段性成果
关键词
网络道德事件
极端心理反应
不确定性认同
道德心理学
权威观点
cyber moral events
extreme psychological reaction
uncertainty identity
moral psychology
authoritative opinions
作者简介
吴莹(1981—),女,河南驻马店人,博士,中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院副教授、硕士研究生导师,主要研究方向为群体心理与社会心态、文化心理学、社区精神康复等;曾子珊(1995—),女,福建漳州人,日本筑波大学大学院人文社会科学研究科硕士研究生,主要研究方向为网络社会心理学、传播学
