摘要
目的:阐明五指毛桃Ficus hirta Vahl、黄花倒水莲Polygala fallax Hemsl、走马胎Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf、草珊瑚Sarcandra glabra(Thunb.)Nakai、一叶兰Aspidistra elatior Bulme 5种药用植物在林下栽培环境的生理生态适应性,为岭南地区林下药用植物筛选和林药复合系统构建提供参考。方法:本研究以一年生林下栽培的五指毛桃、黄花倒水莲、走马胎、草珊瑚、一叶兰幼苗为试验材料,测定植物苗高、地上部分生物量和地下部分生物量,用光合作用分析系统测定植物的光合特性,对5种药用植物进行模糊数学隶属分析、主成分分析和聚类分析,以探讨不同物种光合特性的差异,并探究不同药用植物在林药复合系统的生理生态适应性。结果:五指毛桃和黄花倒水莲苗高增长显著高于其他3种植物。走马胎地上部分、地下部分生物量连年生长率最快。不同植物在林下表现出不同的光合特性,通过对5种植物光合特性聚类分析可分成3类,第一类为五指毛桃,具有较高的最大净光合速率(Pmax)、表观量子效率(AQY)和气孔导度(Gs);第二类包括走马胎、草珊瑚和黄花倒水莲,具有良好的强光适应性和弱光利用性,在光合指标中有独特的特色;第三类为一叶兰,具有最低的蒸腾速率,有很强的耐旱性。结论:5种药用植物林下栽培表现不同的生理生态适应性,其中黄花倒水莲、走马胎和草珊瑚适合在光强相对较低的环境下栽培;一叶兰有更强的耐阴性和耐旱性;五指毛桃在强光和弱光下的利用都有优势,具有较大的生物量,最适宜林下种植推广。
Objective:To clarify the physiological and ecological adaptability of five medicinal plants,Ficus hirta,Polygala fallax,Ardisia gigantifolia,Sarcandra glabra and Aspidistra elatior,in the understory cultivation environment,so as to provide the basis and reference for screening understory medicinal plants and constructing compound forest-medicinal plant system in Lingnan area.Methods:The seedling height,aboveground biomass and underground biomass of the plants were measured by using the experimental materials of the seedlings cultivated under the annual forest,such as Ficus hirta,Polygala fallax,Ardisia gigantifolia,Sarcandra glabra and Aspidistra elatior.The photosynthetic characteristics of the plants were measured by the photocooperative analysis system.Fuzzy mathematical membership analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were carried out for five kinds of medicinal plants to explore the differences of photosynthetic characteristics of different species,and the physiological and ecological adaptability of different medicinal plants in the forest compound system was explored.Results:The seedling high growth rate of Ficus hirta and Polygala fallax was significantly higher than that of the other three plants.The biomass of aboveground and underground parts of Ardisia gigantifolia increased the fastest year after year.Different plants showed different photosynthetic characteristics in the understory,which could be divided into three categories through clustering analysis of the photosynthetic characteristics of five plants.The first category was Ficus hirta with high maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pmax),apparent quantum efficiency(AQY)and stomatal conductance(Gs).The second category included Ardisia gigantifolia,Sarcandra glabra,Polygala fallax,which had good adaptability to strong light and low light utilization,and had unique characteristics in the photosynthetic index.The third category was Aspidistra elatior,which had the lowest transpiration rate and strong drought tolerance.Conclusion:The five kinds of medicinal plants show different physiological and ecological adaptability in understory cultivation,among which Polygala fallax,Ardisia gigantifolia,Sarcandra glabra are suitable for cultivation under relatively low light intensity environment,Aspidistra elatior has stronger negative tolerance and drought tolerance,Ficus hirta has advantages in both strong light and weak light,and has a large biomass,which is the most suitable for understory planting and promotion.
作者
于耀泓
林熙
谭锦豪
罗晓茼
王玥
苏艳
何茜
YU Yao-hong;LIN Xi;TAN Jin-hao;LUO Xiao-tong;WANG Yue;SU Yan;HE Qian(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm,Guangzhou 510642,China)
出处
《中药材》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第12期2798-2804,共7页
Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials
基金
广东省林业科技创新项目(2021KJCX011)
国家自然科学基金青年项目(32001246)
关键词
药用植物
林药复合系统
光合特性
Medicinal plants
Compound forest-medicinal plant system
Hotosynthetic characteristics
作者简介
于耀泓(1999-),女,在读硕士研究生,专业方向:林下经济,E-mail:yaohong@stu.scau.edu.cn;通讯作者:何茜,E-mail:heqian69@126.com。
