摘要
新冠疫情暴发使全球教育系统遭遇重大挑战。在疫情和后疫情时代,德国“双元制”职业教育与培训严重萎缩,面临一系列困境,主要表现在疫情和后疫情期间“双元制”培训对年轻人的吸引力下降、中小微企业参与培训热情进一步降低、“双元制”职业教育与培训主体地位受到学校职业教育的挑战以及就业市场对于高学历人才需求增加。面对疫情对德国“双元制”职业教育与培训市场带来的冲击,德国政府通过一系列数字化项目和促进政策为“双元制”职业教育的健康发展提供保障,奠定了后疫情时代经济复苏的基础。主要举措包括:加强法律体系建设,增强经费保障;扩大宣传,增强职业教育吸引力;调动中小企业积极性,激发培训市场活力;改革课程体系;实现培训供需匹配;提升数字化水平,拓宽学生出路。
The global education system is facing major challenges due to the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic.After the epidemic and post-epidemic era,the German market for“dual-system”vocational education and training has shrunk considerably.The main reasons for this are the decline in the attractiveness of vocational training for young people,the further decline in the enthusiasm of micro,small and medium-sized enterprises for training,the dual training system being challenged by vocational education in schools,and the increased demand for highly qualified personnel in the job market.In the face of the impact of the pandemic on the German vocational education and training market,the German government has provided guarantees for the healthy development of dual-system vocational education through a series of digitalization projects and promotion policies,which have laid the foundation for economic recovery in the post-pandemic era.The main solutions include strengthening the legal system and enhancing financial security;expanding publicity to enhance the attractiveness of vocational education;mobilizing small and medium-sized enterprises to stimulate the training market;reforming the curriculum to match supply and demand for training;and improving digitalization to broaden students’pathways.
作者
翟俊卿
王蔷
Zhai Junqing;Wang Qiang(Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310028)
出处
《职业技术教育》
北大核心
2023年第6期72-78,共7页
Vocational and Technical Education
关键词
德国
“双元制”职业教育
后疫情时代
培训市场
Germany
“dual-system”vocational education
post-epidemic era
training market
作者简介
翟俊卿(1982-),男,浙江大学教育学院副教授,博士,研究方向:职业教育,科学与环境教育(杭州,310058);王蔷(1998-),女,浙江大学教育学院硕士研究生,研究方向:比较教育
