摘要
赵献可认为火是性质纯阳的宇宙本体,为先天太极,人身中的先天太极为命门。他以“火(先天太极)—火水(太极)”取代了周敦颐宇宙生成论中“太极—阴阳”的阶段,以“命门(先天太极、先天之火)—相火真水(无形之火水)”模式诠释生命运行机制,完成了火本体在天人之间的贯通,并从宇宙根据义与能动义两方面对火之本体义进行了支撑。赵献可之火本体论发展了前代医家的火论思想,对后世亦有一定影响:医学层面,医界继承了以先天之火为生命根本的观点,将先天之火与生命过程进一步结合,并强调火所具有的推动力;哲学层面,方以智提出火—气一元论,对火本体论进行了深化。这两方面内容,均未脱离赵氏火论的框架。
Zhao Xianke(1573-1664)averred that,as pure yang energy,fire is the noumenon of the universe,which is the Taiji(Supreme Ultimate)of Former Heaven(○),corresponding to the acupoint of Life Gate in the human body.He replaced the stage of“Taiji―yin-yang”in Zhou Dunyi’s(1017-1073)cosmogony with the mode of“fire(Taiji of Former Heaven)―fire and water(Taiji)(■)”,explained the operation mechanism of life with the mode of“Life Gate(Taiji of Former Heaven,fire of Former Heaven)(○)―ministerial fire and genuine water(intangible fire and water)(■)”,completed the universal existence of fire as the noumenon between heaven and human beings,and grounded the noumenon of fire from its cosmological and dynamic senses.Zhao Xianke’s fire-based ontology put forward the fire-oriented theory of previous generations of TCM(Traditional Chinese Medicine)physicians,and exerted certain influences on later generations:on the TCM level,the TCM community inherited his view that the fire of Former Heaven is the root of life,further combined the nomenon-fire with life process,and emphasized the driving force of fire;at the philosophical level,Fang Yizhi(1611-1671)proposed the monism of fire-qi(vital force),which deepened the fire-based ontology.Neither of these two aspects went beyond the framework of Zhao’s fire-based theory.
出处
《周易研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期104-112,共9页
Studies of Zhouyi
基金
国家社科基金重大项目:“中医原创思维的方法论研究”(17ZDA331)
关键词
火论
太极
赵献可
方以智
theory of fire
Taiji
Zhao Xianke
Fang Yizhi
作者简介
李晓宇,北京中医药大学国学院博士研究生;通讯作者:张其成,北京中医药大学国学院教授、博士生导师,山东大学讲席教授,主要研究方向:易学、中医哲学与中国哲学。
