摘要
恰亚诺夫主义已经成为国际农政研究的主流学术思潮之一。恰亚诺夫主义的农政传统,在农业方面,重视小农农业生产形式的独特性和纵向一体化的合作形式;在农民方面,基于"生存小农"的价值结构探讨农民贫富循环的分化形态和农民未来稳固存续的命运;在农地方面,重点探讨土地社会化的分配形式和土地合作制的未来形式;在农村方面,构想了以农村合作化和支持型国家相结合的发展道路以阻止资本主义生产关系在农村的渗透。结合市场化和全球化深入的情势,新时期恰亚诺夫主义集中于对全球普遍兴起的再小农化进行分析和对社会反向运动进行倡导等。而在中国场域,尽管农业、农民、农地、农村的研究分散着大量恰亚诺夫主义的思想成分,仍需不断提升应用恰亚诺夫主义分析范式的主动性,开创中国农政研究的学术话语体系。
Chayanovism has become one of the mainstream academic perspectives in the international study of the agrarian question.In the discussion of agriculture,Chayanovism values the uniqueness of small-scale agricultural production and the cooperative form featuring vertical integration.With regard to peasants,Chayanovism looks into the cycle of rich and poor differentiation and explores the subsistence value and persistence of peasants in the future.With regard to the land,Chayanovism studies the socialized distribution of land and the future form of the land cooperative system.For rural development,Chayanovism combines rural cooperatives with the supportive state to prevent capitalist penetration in rural areas.Under the circumstances of deepened marketization and globalization,Chayanovism has focused on analyzing the widespread re-peasantizationacross the world as well as on promoting social counter-movement.Although the Chayanovian perspective can be seen sporadically in the studies of agriculture,peasants,land and rural development in China,the authors urge for more proactive application of Chayanovian analytical paradigm in the construction of Chinese discourse system in agrarian study.
作者
叶敬忠
张明皓
Ye Jingzhong;Zhang Minghao(College of Humanities and Development Studies,China Agricultural University)
出处
《开放时代》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期47-59,6-7,共15页
Open Times
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“城乡一体化进程中的农村变迁研究”(项目编号:13ASH007)的资助
关键词
恰亚诺夫主义
农政问题
农政变迁
国家发展
Chayanovism
agrarian question
agrarian change
national development
