摘要
新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的发生,暴露我国野生动物疫病风险防范制度等方面存在的制度缺失,使得全面禁食野生动物再度成为舆论关注的焦点,并引起立法机关的及时回应。事实上,完善动物保护立法,为重建人类与动物和谐关系提供制度保障是一个讨论多年的议题。我国民事法律将动物作为法律关系客体的一般物,受制于社会文化背景、民众的认知水平、经济社会发展水平等因素的制约,目前并没有出台专门的动物保护法。除《野生动物保护法》外,有关动物的立法主要是从规范动物资源合理利用、为动物实验设定技术规范,或基于保障公众健康的目的从检疫、防疫角度进行的立法,很少涉及动物福利保护或禁止虐待动物的内容。野生动物保护法在保障公众健康方面存在目的理念的偏差,在野生动物疫病风险防范制度等方面存在的制度缺失,与动物检疫、防疫法律法规衔接不足。完善我国动物保护法律体系,应当在明确动物特殊物格法律地位的基础上,分步骤推进各类专门性动物保护法,适时出台综合性的《动物保护法》,进一步完善《野生动物保护法》,最终建立具有内在逻辑、体系严谨的动物保护法律体系。
The outbreak of the novel Pneumonia Epidemic,the coronavirus disease("COVID-19")has exposed the deficiency of risk prevention system of the pandemic arising from wild animals in China,and it has become a focus of public opinion to impose a total ban on the consumption of wild animals and elicited a timely response from the legislature.In fact,it has been a topic of discussion for many years to improve the legislation of animal protection and provide institutional guarantee for the reconstruction of the harmonious relationship between human beings and animals.China’s civil law regards animals as the general object of legal relationship,which is subject to social and cultural background,people’s cognitive degree,economic and social development level and other factors.At present,there is no special animal protection law.The legislation on animals is mainly from the perspective of regulating the rational use of animal resources,setting technical specifications for animal experiments,or from the perspective of quarantine and epidemic prevention for the purpose of safeguarding public health,rarely involving the content of animal welfare protection or prevention of cruelty to animals.The law of wildlife protection has the deviation of purpose and idea in protecting public health,the lack of system in preventing the risk of wildlife epidemic,and the insufficient connection with animal quarantine and epidemic prevention laws and regulations.In order to improve the legal system of animal protection in China,we should,on the basis of clarifying the animals’legal status as special object,establish all kinds of special animal protection laws step by step,timely promulgate comprehensive animal protection law,further improve the law of wildlife protection,and finally establish an animal protection legal system with inherent logic and strict system.
作者
史玉成
SHI Yucheng(Program of Feitian Scholar,Gansu University of Political Science and law)
出处
《中国政法大学学报》
CSSCI
2020年第3期127-136,208,共11页
Journal Of CUPL
基金
2019年国家社会科学基金项目——“生态恢复性司法的实证考察与制度完善”(项目批准号:19BFX184)
2018年甘肃省高等学校科研项目创新团队项目(项目批准号:2018C-20)的研究成果
作者简介
史玉成(1970-),男,甘肃灵台人,甘肃政法大学“飞天学者”特聘教授,法学博士。研究方向为环境与资源法学。
