Objective To investigate the prevalence of impaired glucose regulation （IGR） in the population of Tianjin. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tianjin from June to September in 2005. The multi-phasic s...Objective To investigate the prevalence of impaired glucose regulation （IGR） in the population of Tianjin. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tianjin from June to September in 2005. The multi-phasic stratified cluster sampling method was adopted. Totally, 21454 people were selected as survey sample. Information on risk factors was collected through face-to-face questionnaire interview. Fasting capillary whole blood glucose level and other clinical indexes were tested. Results The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose （IFG） in the population was 5.61% （5.32% in male, 5.89% in female）. The prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance （IGT） was 2.91% （2.59% in male, 3.20% in female） in whole population, and the prevalence of female was significantly higher than that of male （P = 0.04）. The prevalences of IFG and IGT increased with the increasing of age. And the prevalences were also influenced by the profession, educational level, and income level. Conclusion The prevalences oflGT and IFG in Tianjin are similar to those in the other big cities of China.展开更多
Background In early adolescence,youth are highly prone to suicidal behaviours.Identifying modifiable risk factors during this critical phase is a priority to inform effective suicide prevention strategies.Aims To expl...Background In early adolescence,youth are highly prone to suicidal behaviours.Identifying modifiable risk factors during this critical phase is a priority to inform effective suicide prevention strategies.Aims To explore the risk and protective factors of suicidal behaviours(ie,suicidal ideation,plans and attempts)in early adolescence in China using a social-ecological perspective.Methods Using data from the cross-sectional project‘Healthy and Risky Behaviours Among Middle School Students in Anhui Province,China',stratified random cluster sampling was used to select 5724 middle school students who had completed self-report questionnaires in November 2020.Network analysis was employed to examine the correlates of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts at four levels,namely individual(sex,academic performance,serious physical llness/disability,history of self-harm,depression,impulsivity,sleep problems,resilience),family(family economic status,relationship with mother,relationship with father,family violence,childhood abuse,parental mental illness),school(relationship with teachers,relationship with classmates,school-bullying victimisation and perpetration)and social(social support,satisfaction with society).Results In total,37.9%,19.0%and 5.5%of the students reported suicidal ideation,plans and attempts in the past 6 months,respectively.The estimated network revealed that suicidal ideation,plans and attempts were collectively associated with a history of self-harm,sleep problems,childhood abuse,school bullying and victimisation.Centrality analysis indicated that the most influential nodes in the network were history of self-harm and childhood abuse.Notably,the network also showed unique correlates of suicidal ideation(sex,weight=0.60;impulsivity,weight=0.24;family violence,weight=0.17;relationship with teachers,weight=-0.03;school-bullying perpetration,weight=0.22),suicidal plans(social support,weight=-0.15)and suicidal attempts(relationship with mother,weight=-0.10;parental mental llness,weight=0.61).Conclusions This study identified the correlates of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts,and provided practical implications for suicide prevention for young adolescents in China.Firstly,this study highlighted the importance of joint interventions across multiple departments.Secondly,the common risk factors of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts were elucidated.Thirdly,this study proposed target interventions to address the unique influencing factors of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts.展开更多
Background:G-protein coupled receptors(GPCRs)are recognized as attractive targets for drug therapy.However,it remains poorly understood how GPCRs,except for a few chemokine receptors,regulate the progression of liver ...Background:G-protein coupled receptors(GPCRs)are recognized as attractive targets for drug therapy.However,it remains poorly understood how GPCRs,except for a few chemokine receptors,regulate the progression of liver fibrosis.Here,we aimed to reveal the role of GPR65,a proton-sensing receptor,in liver fibrosis and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.Methods:The expression level of GPR65 was evaluated in both human and mouse fibrotic livers.Furthermore,Gpr65-deficient mice were treated with either bile duct ligation(BDL)for 21 d or carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)for 8 weeks to investigate the role of GPR65 in liver fibrosis.A combination of experimental approaches,including Western blotting,quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),confocal microscopy and rescue studies,were used to explore the underlying mechanisms of GPR65’s action in liver fibrosis.Additionally,the therapeutic potential of GPR65 inhibitor in the development of liver fibrosis was investigated.Results:We found that hepatic macrophage(HM)-enriched GPR65 was upregulated in both human and mouse fibrotic livers.Moreover,knockout of Gpr65 significantly alleviated BDL-and CCl4-induced liver inflammation,injury and fibrosis in vivo,and mouse bone marrow transplantation(BMT)experiments further demonstrated that the protective effect of Gpr65knockout is primarily mediated by bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs).Additionally,in vitro data demonstrated that Gpr65 silencing and GPR65 antagonist inhibited,while GPR65 overexpression and application of GPR65 endogenous and exogenous agonists enhanced the expression and release of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),all of which subsequently promoted the activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)and the damage of hepatocytes(HCs).Mechanistically,GPR65 overexpression,the acidic pH and GPR65 exogenous agonist induced up-regulation of TNF-αand IL-6 via the Gαq-Ca^(2+)-JNK/NF-κB pathways,while promoted the expression of TGF-βthrough the Gαq-Ca^(2+)-MLK3-MKK7-JNK pathway.Notably,pharmacological GPR65 inhibition retarded the development of inflammation,HCs injury and fibrosis invivo.Conclusions:GPR65 is a major regulator that modulates the progression of liver fibrosis.Thus,targeting GPR65 could be an effective therapeutic strategy for the prevention of liver fibrosis.展开更多
Chronic liver diseases,including primary biliary cholangitis(PBC),are recognized as immunosuppressive conditions due to the impaired functionality of hepatic sinusoidal Kupffer cells.[1]PBC is specifically characteriz...Chronic liver diseases,including primary biliary cholangitis(PBC),are recognized as immunosuppressive conditions due to the impaired functionality of hepatic sinusoidal Kupffer cells.[1]PBC is specifically characterized by cholangitis and progressive liver pathology,which may eventually lead to cirrhosis.The compromised liver function and reduced efficacy of Kupffer cells in patients with PBC weaken their cell-mediated immune responses,increasing their susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens such as Cryptococcus.[2]Cryptococcosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic encapsulated yeasts of the genus Cryptococcus,which is distributed worldwide and exhibits diverse clinical presentations.[3]Most case reports on cryptococcal infections are associated with HIV infection or other conditions that compromise the immune system.[4]Case reports related to primary biliary cholangitis are rare.Therefore,this case report underscores a rare cryptococcal infection in a patient with primary biliary cholangitis,emphasizing the need to consider opportunistic infections in those with compromised liver function and immune dysregulation.展开更多
A 77-year-old female presented with shortness of breath and tightness of chest was admitted.Her past medical history included hypertension and she has been taking nifedipine regularly.Two years before,she was diagnose...A 77-year-old female presented with shortness of breath and tightness of chest was admitted.Her past medical history included hypertension and she has been taking nifedipine regularly.Two years before,she was diagnosed with pericardial effusion(Figure 1)and had pericardiocentesis drainage.On physical examination,her blood pressure was 151/100 mm-Hg and her pulse rate was 91 beats/min.展开更多
Background The associations between sugary beverages and genetic predisposition to depression risk remain unclear.Aims This study aimed to investigate the associations of sugar-sweetened beverages(SSBs),artificially s...Background The associations between sugary beverages and genetic predisposition to depression risk remain unclear.Aims This study aimed to investigate the associations of sugar-sweetened beverages(SSBs),artificially sweetened beverages(ASBs)and natural juices(NJs)with depression and to assess whether these associations were modified by genetic predisposition.Methods We used data from the UK Biobank of 180599 individuals aged 39-72 years who were depression-free at baseline.Dietary intake of SSBs,ASBs and NJs was accessed by a 24-hour dietary recall between 2009 and 2012.The Polygenic Risk Score for depression was estimated and categorised as low(lowest tertile),intermediate(tertile 2)and high(highest tertile),.Cox proportional hazard and substitution models were conducted to evaluate hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%Cls.Results Over the 12-year follow-up,4915 individuals developed depression.Higher consumption(>2 units/day)of SSBs(HR:1.26,95%CI 1.12 to 1.43)and ASBs(HR:1.40,95%Cl 1.23 to 1.60)were both associated with an increased risk of depression.However,moderate consumption(>0-1 units/day)of NJs was associated with a lower risk of depression(HR:0.89,95%CI 0.83 to 0.95).Furthermore,genetic predisposition did not modify these associations(p interaction>0.05).In substitution models,the HRs for depression risk were 0.94(95%CI 0.89 to 0.99)and 0.89(95%CI 0.85 to 0.94),respectively,when 1 unit/day of SSBs or ASBs was replaced by an equivalent intake of NJs.Conclusions Higher consumption of SSBs and ASBs was associated with an increased risk of depression;in contrast,moderate consumption of NJs was inversely associated with a lower risk of depression.In theory,substituting SSBs and ASBswith NJs would suppose a reduction of depression risk.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic renal failure(CRF) patients are predisposed to arrhythmias, while the detailed mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized the chronic inflammatory state of CRF patients may lead to cardiac sympathetic ...BACKGROUND Chronic renal failure(CRF) patients are predisposed to arrhythmias, while the detailed mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized the chronic inflammatory state of CRF patients may lead to cardiac sympathetic remodeling, increasing the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia(VA) and sudden cardiac death. And explored the role of atorvastatin and etanercept in this process.METHODS A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(Sham group), CRF group, CRF + atorvastatin group(CRF + statin group), and CRF + etanercept group(CRF + rhTNFR-Fcgroup). Sympathetic nerve remodeling was assessed by immunofluorescence of growth-associated protein 43(GAP-43) and tyrosine hydroxylase positive area fraction. Electrophysiological testing was performed to assess the incidence of VA by assessing the ventricular effective refractory period and ventricular fibrillation threshold. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta were determined by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Echocardiogram showed that compared with the Sham group, left ventricular end-systolic diameter and ventricular weight/body weight ratio were significantly higher in the CRF group. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining indicated that myocardial fibers were broken, disordered, and fibrotic in the CRF group. Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunofluorescence and electrophysiological examination suggested that compared with the Sham group, GAP-43 and TNF-α proteins were significantly upregulated, GAP-43 and tyrosine hydroxylase positive nerve fiber area was increased, and ventricular fibrillation threshold was significantly decreased in the CRF group. The above effects were inhibited in the CRF + statin group and the CRF + rhTNFR-Fcgroup.CONCLUSIONS In CRF rats, TNF-α was upregulated, cardiac sympathetic remodeling was more severe, and the nephrogenic cardiac sympathetic remodeling existed. Atorvastatin and etanercept could downregulate the expression of TNF-α or inhibit its activity, thus inhibited the above effects, and reduced the occurrence of VA and sudden cardiac death.展开更多
Anti-glomerular basement membrane(anti-GBM)disease is a rare small vessel vasculitis representing the most aggressive form of autoimmune glomerulonephritis.[1,2]Its overall incidence ranges from 0.60 to 1.79 per milli...Anti-glomerular basement membrane(anti-GBM)disease is a rare small vessel vasculitis representing the most aggressive form of autoimmune glomerulonephritis.[1,2]Its overall incidence ranges from 0.60 to 1.79 per million population annually.[1]Anti-GBM disease is mediated by abnormal anti-GBM antibody production,which mainly targets GBM and thus contributes to rapid progressive glomerulonephritis with a distinctive pattern of diffuse crescentic formation in the glomeruli.展开更多
BACKGROUND:We aimed to observe the dynamic changes in glucose metabolic reprogrammingrelated parameters and their ability to predict neurological prognosis and all-cause mortality in cardiac arrest patients after the ...BACKGROUND:We aimed to observe the dynamic changes in glucose metabolic reprogrammingrelated parameters and their ability to predict neurological prognosis and all-cause mortality in cardiac arrest patients after the restoration of spontaneous circulation(ROSC).METHODS:Adult cardiac arrest patients after ROSC who were admitted to the emergency or cardiac intensive care unit of the First Aflliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from August 1,2017,to May 30,2021,were enrolled.According to 28-day survival,the patients were divided into a non-survival group(n=82) and a survival group(n=38).Healthy adult volunteers(n=40) of similar ages and sexes were selected as controls.The serum levels of glucose metabolic reprogrammingrelated parameters(lactate dehydrogenase [LDH],lactate and pyruvate),neuron-specific enolase(NSE) and interleukin 6(IL-6) were measured on days 1,3,and 7 after ROSC.The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II(APACHE II) score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA) score were calculated.The Cerebral Performance Category(CPC) score was recorded on day 28 after ROSC.RESULTS:Following ROSC,the serum LDH(607.0 U/L vs.286.5 U/L),lactate(5.0 mmol/L vs.2.0 mmol/L),pyruvate(178.0 μmol/L vs.70.9 μmol/L),and lactate/pyruvate ratio(34.1 vs.22.1) significantly increased and were higher in the non-survivors than in the survivors on admission(all P<0.05).Moreover,the serum LDH,pyruvate,IL-6,APACHE II score,and SOFA score on days 1,3 and 7 after ROSC were significantly associated with 28-day poor neurological prognosis and 28-day all-cause mortality(all P<0.05).The serum LDH concentration on day 1 after ROSC had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC) of 0.904 [95% confidence interval [95% CI]:0.851–0.957]) with 96.8% specificity for predicting 28-day neurological prognosis and an AUC of 0.950(95% CI:0.911–0.989) with 94.7% specificity for predicting 28-day all-cause mortality,which was the highest among the glucose metabolic reprogramming-related parameters tested.CONCLUSION:Serum parameters related to glucose metabolic reprogramming were significantly increased after ROSC.Increased serum LDH and pyruvate levels,and lactate/pyruvate ratio may be associated with 28-day poor neurological prognosis and all-cause mortality after ROSC,and the predictive eflcacy of LDH during the first week was superior to others.展开更多
Dear Editor,Ferroptosis,an iron-dependent form of cell death driven by overwhelming lipid peroxidation,represents a vulnerability in cancers,and therapeutic strategies to further potentiate ferroptosis hold great pote...Dear Editor,Ferroptosis,an iron-dependent form of cell death driven by overwhelming lipid peroxidation,represents a vulnerability in cancers,and therapeutic strategies to further potentiate ferroptosis hold great potential for melanoma treatment.展开更多
Background Sleep disturbance is a common comorbidity of major depressive disorder(MDD).However,network homogeneity(NH)changes of the default mode network(DMN)in MDD with sleep disturbances are unclear.Aims The purpose...Background Sleep disturbance is a common comorbidity of major depressive disorder(MDD).However,network homogeneity(NH)changes of the default mode network(DMN)in MDD with sleep disturbances are unclear.Aims The purpose of this study was to probe the abnormal NH in the DMN in MDD with sleep disturbances and to reveal the differences between MDD with or without sleep disturbances.Methods Twenty-four patients with MDD and sleep disturbances(Pa_s),33 patients with MDD without sleep disturbances(Pa_ns)and 32 healthy controls(HCs)were recruited in this study.Resting-state functional imaging data were analysed using NH.Results Compared with Pa_ns and HCs,Pa_s showed decreased NH in the left superior medial prefrontal cortex and increased NH in the right precuneus.There was a negative correlation between NH in the left superior medial prefrontal cortex and sleep disturbances(r=−0.42,p=0.001)as well as a positive correlation between NH in the right precuneus and sleep disturbances(r=0.41,p=0.002)in patients with MDD.Conclusions MDD with sleep disturbances is associated with abnormal NH in the DMN,which could differentiate pa_s from pa_ns.The DMN may play a crucial role in the neurobiological mechanisms of MDD with sleep disturbances.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Unsustained return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)is a critical barrier to survival in cardiac arrest patients.This study examined whether end-tidal carbon dioxide(ETCO_(2))and pulse oximetry photoplethysm...BACKGROUND:Unsustained return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)is a critical barrier to survival in cardiac arrest patients.This study examined whether end-tidal carbon dioxide(ETCO_(2))and pulse oximetry photoplethysmogram(POP)parameters can be used to identify unsustained ROSC.METHODS:We conducted a multicenter observational prospective cohort study of consecutive patients with cardiac arrest from 2013 to 2014.Patients’general information,ETCO_(2),and POP parameters were collected and statistically analyzed.RESULTS:The included 105 ROSC episodes(from 80 cardiac arrest patients)comprised 51 sustained ROSC episodes and 54 unsustained ROSC episodes.The 24-hour survival rate was significantly higher in the sustained ROSC group than in the unsustained ROSC group(29.2%vs.9.4%,P<0.05).The logistic regression analysis showed that the difference between after and before ROSC in ETCO_(2)(ΔETCO_(2))and the difference between after and before ROCS in area under the curve of POP(ΔAUCp)were independently associated with sustained ROSC(odds ratio[OR]=0.931,95%confi dence interval[95%CI]0.881-0.984,P=0.011 and OR=0.998,95%CI 0.997-0.999,P<0.001).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ofΔETCO_(2),ΔAUCp,and the combination of both to predict unsustained ROSC were 0.752(95%CI 0.660-0.844),0.883(95%CI 0.818-0.948),and 0.902(95%CI 0.842-0.962),respectively.CONCLUSION:Patients with unsustained ROSC have a poor prognosis.The combination ofΔETCO_(2) andΔAUCp showed signifi cant predictive value for unsustained ROSC.展开更多
Background Observational studies highlight the association between gut microbiota(GM)composition and depression;however,evidence for the causal relationship between GM and specific depressive symptoms remains lacking....Background Observational studies highlight the association between gut microbiota(GM)composition and depression;however,evidence for the causal relationship between GM and specific depressive symptoms remains lacking.Aims We aimed to evaluate the causal relationship between GM and specific depressive symptoms as well as the mediating role of body mass index(BMI).Methods We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomisation(MR)analysis using genetic variants associated with GM and specific depressive symptoms from genome-wide association studies.The mediating role of BMI was subsequently explored using mediation analysis via two-step MR.Results MR evidence suggested the Bifidobacterium genus(β=0.03;95%CI-0.05 to-0.02;p<0.001 andβ=0.03;95%CI-0.05 to-0.02;p<0.001)and Actinobacteria phylum(β=-0.04;95%CI-0.06 to-0.02;p<0.001 andβ=-0.03;95%CI-0.05 to-0.03;p=0.001)had protective effects on both anhedonia and depressed mood.The Actinobacteria phylum also had protective effects on appetite changes(β=-0.04;95%CI-0.06 to-0.01;p=0.005),while the FamilyⅪhad an antiprotective effect(β=0.03;95%CI 0.01 to 0.04;p<0.001).The Bifidobacteriaceae family(β=-0.01;95%CI-0.02 to-0.01;p=0.001)and Actinobacteria phylum(β=-0.02;95%CI-0.03 to-0.01;p=0.001)showed protective effects against suicidality.The two-step MR analysis revealed that BMl also acted as a mediating moderator between the Actinobacteria phylum and appetite changes(mediated proportion,34.42%)and that BMI partially mediated the effect of the Bifidobacterium genus(14.14%and 8.05%)and Actinobacteria phylum(13.10%and 8.31%)on both anhedonia and depressed mood.Conclusions These findings suggest a potential therapeutic effect of Actinobacteria and Bifidobacterium on both depression and obesity.Further studies are required to translate these findings into clinical practice.展开更多
Background The research findings on the topological properties of functional connectomes(TP-FCs)in patients with schizophrenia(SZPs)exhibit inconsistencies and contradictions,which can be attributed to limitations suc...Background The research findings on the topological properties of functional connectomes(TP-FCs)in patients with schizophrenia(SZPs)exhibit inconsistencies and contradictions,which can be attributed to limitations such as small sample sizes and heterogeneous data processing techniques.Aims To address these limitations,we conducted a large-scale study.Uniformdata processing flows were employed to investigate the aberrant TP-FCs and the associations between TP-FCs and symptoms or cognitions(A-TP-SCs)in SZPs.Methods The large-scale study included six datasets from four sites,involving 497 SZPs and 374 healthy controls(HCs).A uniform process for imaging data preprocessing and functional connectivity matrix configuration was used.ComBat was employed for data harmonisation,and various TPs were calculated.We explored between-group differences in brain functional integration(Fl)and functional segregation(FS)measured with TP-FCs,and conducted partial correlation analyses,with adjustments for age,gender and educational level,to identify A-TP-SCs.Results Comparedwith randomnetworks and HCs,SZPs maintained small-worldness and global FI capacity despite their compromised global FS capacity and resilience.A decline in nodal Fl and FS capacity was observed in sensory areas,whereas an increase in nodal FI capacity was found in regions associated with cognition and information integration.In addition,associations between TP-FCs and positive symptoms,negative symptoms or cognitive functions including speed of processing,visual learning and the ability to inhibit cognitive interference were identified in SZPs.Conclusions The identified A-TP-SCs verified that reductions in FS and resilience indicated pathological impairments in schizophrenia.The A-TP-SCs or TP-FCs,which measured the same attributes of the functional connectomes,exhibited high internal consistency,robustly reinforcing these findings.展开更多
The global prevalence rate for congenital hydrocephalus(CH)is approximately one out of every five hundred births with multifaceted predisposing factors at play.Genetic influences stand as a major contributor to CH pat...The global prevalence rate for congenital hydrocephalus(CH)is approximately one out of every five hundred births with multifaceted predisposing factors at play.Genetic influences stand as a major contributor to CH pathogenesis,and epidemiological evidence suggests their involvement in up to 40%of all cases observed globally.Knowledge about an individual’s genetic susceptibility can significantly improve prognostic precision while aiding clinical decision-making processes.However,the precise genetic etiology has only been pinpointed in fewer than 5%of human instances.More occurrences of CH cases are required for comprehensive gene sequencing aimed at uncovering additional potential genetic loci.A deeper comprehension of its underlying genetics may offer invaluable insights into the molecular and cellular basis of this brain disorder.This review provides a summary of pertinent genes identified through gene sequencing technologies in humans,in addition to the 4 genes currently associated with CH(2 X-linked genes L1CAM and AP1S2,2 autosomal recessive MPDZ and CCDC88C).Others predominantly participate in aqueduct abnormalities,ciliary movement,and nervous system development.The prospective CH-related genes revealed through animal model gene-editing techniques are further outlined,focusing mainly on 4 pathways,namely cilia synthesis and movement,ion channels and transportation,Reissner’s fiber(RF)synthesis,cell apoptosis,and neurogenesis.Notably,the proper functioning of motile cilia provides significant impulsion for cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)circulation within the brain ventricles while mutations in cilia-related genes constitute a primary cause underlying this condition.So far,only a limited number of CH-associated genes have been identified in humans.The integration of genotype and phenotype for disease diagnosis represents a new trend in the medical field.Animal models provide insights into the pathogenesis of CH and contribute to our understanding of its association with related complications,such as renal cysts,scoliosis,and cardiomyopathy,as these genes may also play a role in the development of these diseases.Genes discovered in animals present potential targets for new treatments but require further validation through future human studies.展开更多
BACKGROUND：Biomarkers may be helpful in risk stratification and prediction of mortality in septic patients. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic role of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cel...BACKGROUND：Biomarkers may be helpful in risk stratification and prediction of mortality in septic patients. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic role of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid celI-I（sTREM-1）, procalcitonin （PCT）, C-reactive protein （CRP） and other inflammatory markers in patients with sepsis. METHODS：A total of 56 patients with systemic inflammation response syndrome （SIRS） who had been admitted to the ICU department of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between May 2009 and July 2010 were enrolled. They were divided into a sepsis group （n=32） and a SIRS group （n=24）. Twenty-five non-SIRS patients served as controls. The sepsis group was sub-divided into a survival group and a death group according to 28-day prognosis. The values of sTREM-1, PCT, CRP, white blood cell （WBC）, and neutrophil count percentage （N） were measured. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （APACHE II） score were determined within 24 hours. The correlation between sTREM-1 and APACHE II score was analyzed. Quantitative data were analyzed by the F test or the KruskaI-Wallis test. RESULTS： The plasma level of sTREM-1 in the sepsis group was significantly higher than that in the SIRS group and control group. The plasma level of sTREM-1 in the non-survival group was significantly higher than that in the survival group. In the sepsis group, the plasma sTREM-1 level was positively correlated with APACHE II score （rs=0.426, P= 0.032）. The area under the ROC curve of sTREM-1 was 0.935, larger than that of PCT and CRP. CONCLUSION：Plasma sTREM-1 is useful in the diagnosis of sepsis at early stage. The increased level of sTREM-1 during the first 24 hours may be correlated with poor outcome of patients with sepsis.展开更多
We investigated the combined effects of soil moisture and light intensity on the growth, development and ecophysiological characteristics of one-year old Amorpha fruticosa seedlings. Soil moisture and light intensity ...We investigated the combined effects of soil moisture and light intensity on the growth, development and ecophysiological characteristics of one-year old Amorpha fruticosa seedlings. Soil moisture and light intensity influenced the ecophysiological characteristics of Amorpha fruticosa seedlings. Soil moisture resulted in the decreases of growth rate, individual size, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, leaf water loss rate （WLR）, and biomass accumulation of plant parts, and led to increased leaf water saturation deficit （WSD）. Under water stress, more photosynthetic products were allocated to root growth. With decreasing light intensity, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, chla/b, water saturation deficit, water use efficiency, water loss rate and biomass accumulation declined, while Chla, Chlb, Chla＋b and carotenoids （Car） increased and more photosynthetic products were allocated to stem and leaf growth. Maximum growth vigor, net photosynthetic rate and total biomass accumulation in Amorpha fruticosa seedlings was recorded at 75 80% soil water-holding capacity and 100% light density in greenhouse environments.展开更多
Objective To measure the quantities and apoptosis-related protein levels of B lymphocyte in the patients with immunorelated pancytopenia （IRP） and explore the action of B lymphocyte in the pathogenic mechanism of IR...Objective To measure the quantities and apoptosis-related protein levels of B lymphocyte in the patients with immunorelated pancytopenia （IRP） and explore the action of B lymphocyte in the pathogenic mechanism of IRP. Methods Quantifies of whole B lymphocytes and CD5^＋ B lymphocytes as well as the expressions of Fas and Bcl-2 in B lymphocytes in 35 patients with untreated IRP, 15 IRP patients in complete remission （CR）, and 10 normal controls were assayed by flow cytometry. The percentages of B lymphocyte and CD5^＋ B lymphocyte were significantly higher in untreated IRP patients than in CR IRP patients and normal controls （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and there was no significant difference between the latter two groups （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. There was no significant difference of Fas expression in B lymphocyte among three groups （ P 〉 0. 05）. The expression of Bcl-2 in B lymphocyte was significantly higher in untreated patients than in CR patients or normal controls （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, and significantly higher in CR patients than in normal controls （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The apoptosis. related index was significantly lower in untreated patients than in CR patients or normal controls （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and signif. icantly lower in CR patients than in normal controls （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The percentage of B lymphocyte was positively correlated with post-treated response time （ r = 0. 53, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The production of auto-antibodies in IRP patients probably has some relationship with the abnormal quantifies of B lymphocyte and its subpopulations as well as with the inhibition of B lymphocyte apoptosis.展开更多
Objective To investigate the expression of Survivin mRNA in lung cancer tissue microarray （TMA） by fluorescence in .situ hybridization （FISH） method, and determine the role and significance of it in lung cancer ge...Objective To investigate the expression of Survivin mRNA in lung cancer tissue microarray （TMA） by fluorescence in .situ hybridization （FISH） method, and determine the role and significance of it in lung cancer genesis and progress. Methods The expression of Survivin mRNA was detected by FISH method and TMA technology. Fifty-four cases of lung cancer and 10 cases of normal lung tissue were examined. Survivin mRNA was expressed in 66.7% （36/54） of lung cancer; the positive ratio of lung cancer was significantly higher than that of normal lung tissue （0/10;X^2= 15.238, P 〈 0.05）. The positive ratio of Survivin mRNA was significantly higher in poor differentiated cancer （20/24, 83.3% ） than moderate and well differentiated cancer （16/30, 53.3%; X^2 = 5.40, P 〈 0.05）. The positive ratio of Survivin mRNA was significantly higher in group with lymph node metastasis （27/32, 84.4%） than without lymph node metastasis （9/22, 40.9%; X^2= 11.084, P 〈 0.05）. The positive ratio of Survivin mRNA was significantly higher in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ（12/13, 92.3%） than stage Ⅰ- Ⅱ （24/41,58.5%; X^2=5.066, P〈 0.05）. Conclusion Survivin mRNA highly expresses in lung cancer, which is related to the progress and malignant behavior. Survivin may play a promoting role in lung cancer genesis and progress and provide a basis for estimating prognosis and treatment.展开更多
Background Smoking and other risk factors have been well known as important factors of variant angina or coronary artery spasm （CAS）. However, clinical features related to age on coronary artery spasm have been rare...Background Smoking and other risk factors have been well known as important factors of variant angina or coronary artery spasm （CAS）. However, clinical features related to age on coronary artery spasm have been rarely evaluated. Methods We evaluated 3155 consecutive patients with insignificant coronary artery lesion. Patients underwent Acetylcholine （Ach） provocation test for induction of CAS. CAS was defined as 〉 70% luminal narrowing of coronary arteries during Ach provocation test. The results of Ach provocation test were compared among age groups; 〈 45 years （Group 1）, 45-54 years （Group 2）, 55-64 years （Group 3）, and 〉_ 65 years （Group 4）. Results Older patients had higher incidence of hypertension, diabetes, but lower incidence rate of current smoking, male sex compared with younger patients. Positive Ach provocation test finding was frequently showed with aging （47.36% vs. 58.3% vs. 62.6% vs. 61.5%; P 〈 0.001）. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that age, male, and myocardial bridge were independent predictors of CAS induced by Ach provocation test. Conclusion Our present study showed that old age was independent predictor for Ach-induced significant coronary artery spasm.展开更多
文摘Objective To investigate the prevalence of impaired glucose regulation （IGR） in the population of Tianjin. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tianjin from June to September in 2005. The multi-phasic stratified cluster sampling method was adopted. Totally, 21454 people were selected as survey sample. Information on risk factors was collected through face-to-face questionnaire interview. Fasting capillary whole blood glucose level and other clinical indexes were tested. Results The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose （IFG） in the population was 5.61% （5.32% in male, 5.89% in female）. The prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance （IGT） was 2.91% （2.59% in male, 3.20% in female） in whole population, and the prevalence of female was significantly higher than that of male （P = 0.04）. The prevalences of IFG and IGT increased with the increasing of age. And the prevalences were also influenced by the profession, educational level, and income level. Conclusion The prevalences oflGT and IFG in Tianjin are similar to those in the other big cities of China.
文摘Background In early adolescence,youth are highly prone to suicidal behaviours.Identifying modifiable risk factors during this critical phase is a priority to inform effective suicide prevention strategies.Aims To explore the risk and protective factors of suicidal behaviours(ie,suicidal ideation,plans and attempts)in early adolescence in China using a social-ecological perspective.Methods Using data from the cross-sectional project‘Healthy and Risky Behaviours Among Middle School Students in Anhui Province,China',stratified random cluster sampling was used to select 5724 middle school students who had completed self-report questionnaires in November 2020.Network analysis was employed to examine the correlates of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts at four levels,namely individual(sex,academic performance,serious physical llness/disability,history of self-harm,depression,impulsivity,sleep problems,resilience),family(family economic status,relationship with mother,relationship with father,family violence,childhood abuse,parental mental illness),school(relationship with teachers,relationship with classmates,school-bullying victimisation and perpetration)and social(social support,satisfaction with society).Results In total,37.9%,19.0%and 5.5%of the students reported suicidal ideation,plans and attempts in the past 6 months,respectively.The estimated network revealed that suicidal ideation,plans and attempts were collectively associated with a history of self-harm,sleep problems,childhood abuse,school bullying and victimisation.Centrality analysis indicated that the most influential nodes in the network were history of self-harm and childhood abuse.Notably,the network also showed unique correlates of suicidal ideation(sex,weight=0.60;impulsivity,weight=0.24;family violence,weight=0.17;relationship with teachers,weight=-0.03;school-bullying perpetration,weight=0.22),suicidal plans(social support,weight=-0.15)and suicidal attempts(relationship with mother,weight=-0.10;parental mental llness,weight=0.61).Conclusions This study identified the correlates of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts,and provided practical implications for suicide prevention for young adolescents in China.Firstly,this study highlighted the importance of joint interventions across multiple departments.Secondly,the common risk factors of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts were elucidated.Thirdly,this study proposed target interventions to address the unique influencing factors of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171125,81971331 and 82170630).
文摘Background:G-protein coupled receptors(GPCRs)are recognized as attractive targets for drug therapy.However,it remains poorly understood how GPCRs,except for a few chemokine receptors,regulate the progression of liver fibrosis.Here,we aimed to reveal the role of GPR65,a proton-sensing receptor,in liver fibrosis and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.Methods:The expression level of GPR65 was evaluated in both human and mouse fibrotic livers.Furthermore,Gpr65-deficient mice were treated with either bile duct ligation(BDL)for 21 d or carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)for 8 weeks to investigate the role of GPR65 in liver fibrosis.A combination of experimental approaches,including Western blotting,quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),confocal microscopy and rescue studies,were used to explore the underlying mechanisms of GPR65’s action in liver fibrosis.Additionally,the therapeutic potential of GPR65 inhibitor in the development of liver fibrosis was investigated.Results:We found that hepatic macrophage(HM)-enriched GPR65 was upregulated in both human and mouse fibrotic livers.Moreover,knockout of Gpr65 significantly alleviated BDL-and CCl4-induced liver inflammation,injury and fibrosis in vivo,and mouse bone marrow transplantation(BMT)experiments further demonstrated that the protective effect of Gpr65knockout is primarily mediated by bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs).Additionally,in vitro data demonstrated that Gpr65 silencing and GPR65 antagonist inhibited,while GPR65 overexpression and application of GPR65 endogenous and exogenous agonists enhanced the expression and release of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),all of which subsequently promoted the activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)and the damage of hepatocytes(HCs).Mechanistically,GPR65 overexpression,the acidic pH and GPR65 exogenous agonist induced up-regulation of TNF-αand IL-6 via the Gαq-Ca^(2+)-JNK/NF-κB pathways,while promoted the expression of TGF-βthrough the Gαq-Ca^(2+)-MLK3-MKK7-JNK pathway.Notably,pharmacological GPR65 inhibition retarded the development of inflammation,HCs injury and fibrosis invivo.Conclusions:GPR65 is a major regulator that modulates the progression of liver fibrosis.Thus,targeting GPR65 could be an effective therapeutic strategy for the prevention of liver fibrosis.
基金supported by the Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(Grant No.TJYXZDXK-007A)the China International Medical Foundation Project(Grant No.Z-2021-15-18)Tianjin Health Technology Project(Grant No.20188).
文摘Chronic liver diseases,including primary biliary cholangitis(PBC),are recognized as immunosuppressive conditions due to the impaired functionality of hepatic sinusoidal Kupffer cells.[1]PBC is specifically characterized by cholangitis and progressive liver pathology,which may eventually lead to cirrhosis.The compromised liver function and reduced efficacy of Kupffer cells in patients with PBC weaken their cell-mediated immune responses,increasing their susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens such as Cryptococcus.[2]Cryptococcosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic encapsulated yeasts of the genus Cryptococcus,which is distributed worldwide and exhibits diverse clinical presentations.[3]Most case reports on cryptococcal infections are associated with HIV infection or other conditions that compromise the immune system.[4]Case reports related to primary biliary cholangitis are rare.Therefore,this case report underscores a rare cryptococcal infection in a patient with primary biliary cholangitis,emphasizing the need to consider opportunistic infections in those with compromised liver function and immune dysregulation.
基金funded by the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (No. 21JCYBJC01740 and 21JCYBJC01460)the Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project+1 种基金the Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project(TJYXZDXK-029A)Science Foundation of The Tianjin Education Commission (No.2023ZD007)
文摘A 77-year-old female presented with shortness of breath and tightness of chest was admitted.Her past medical history included hypertension and she has been taking nifedipine regularly.Two years before,she was diagnosed with pericardial effusion(Figure 1)and had pericardiocentesis drainage.On physical examination,her blood pressure was 151/100 mm-Hg and her pulse rate was 91 beats/min.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(7191010700,91746205).
文摘Background The associations between sugary beverages and genetic predisposition to depression risk remain unclear.Aims This study aimed to investigate the associations of sugar-sweetened beverages(SSBs),artificially sweetened beverages(ASBs)and natural juices(NJs)with depression and to assess whether these associations were modified by genetic predisposition.Methods We used data from the UK Biobank of 180599 individuals aged 39-72 years who were depression-free at baseline.Dietary intake of SSBs,ASBs and NJs was accessed by a 24-hour dietary recall between 2009 and 2012.The Polygenic Risk Score for depression was estimated and categorised as low(lowest tertile),intermediate(tertile 2)and high(highest tertile),.Cox proportional hazard and substitution models were conducted to evaluate hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%Cls.Results Over the 12-year follow-up,4915 individuals developed depression.Higher consumption(>2 units/day)of SSBs(HR:1.26,95%CI 1.12 to 1.43)and ASBs(HR:1.40,95%Cl 1.23 to 1.60)were both associated with an increased risk of depression.However,moderate consumption(>0-1 units/day)of NJs was associated with a lower risk of depression(HR:0.89,95%CI 0.83 to 0.95).Furthermore,genetic predisposition did not modify these associations(p interaction>0.05).In substitution models,the HRs for depression risk were 0.94(95%CI 0.89 to 0.99)and 0.89(95%CI 0.85 to 0.94),respectively,when 1 unit/day of SSBs or ASBs was replaced by an equivalent intake of NJs.Conclusions Higher consumption of SSBs and ASBs was associated with an increased risk of depression;in contrast,moderate consumption of NJs was inversely associated with a lower risk of depression.In theory,substituting SSBs and ASBswith NJs would suppose a reduction of depression risk.
基金supported by the Key Project of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (No.21JCZDJC01080)the Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) (TJYXZDX K-029A)+1 种基金the Academic Backbone of “Clinical Talent Training and Climbing Plan” of Tianjin Medical University and the Tianjin Health Research ProjectScience and Technology Development Fund of Nanjing Medical University (NMUB20210180)。
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic renal failure(CRF) patients are predisposed to arrhythmias, while the detailed mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized the chronic inflammatory state of CRF patients may lead to cardiac sympathetic remodeling, increasing the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia(VA) and sudden cardiac death. And explored the role of atorvastatin and etanercept in this process.METHODS A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(Sham group), CRF group, CRF + atorvastatin group(CRF + statin group), and CRF + etanercept group(CRF + rhTNFR-Fcgroup). Sympathetic nerve remodeling was assessed by immunofluorescence of growth-associated protein 43(GAP-43) and tyrosine hydroxylase positive area fraction. Electrophysiological testing was performed to assess the incidence of VA by assessing the ventricular effective refractory period and ventricular fibrillation threshold. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta were determined by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Echocardiogram showed that compared with the Sham group, left ventricular end-systolic diameter and ventricular weight/body weight ratio were significantly higher in the CRF group. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining indicated that myocardial fibers were broken, disordered, and fibrotic in the CRF group. Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunofluorescence and electrophysiological examination suggested that compared with the Sham group, GAP-43 and TNF-α proteins were significantly upregulated, GAP-43 and tyrosine hydroxylase positive nerve fiber area was increased, and ventricular fibrillation threshold was significantly decreased in the CRF group. The above effects were inhibited in the CRF + statin group and the CRF + rhTNFR-Fcgroup.CONCLUSIONS In CRF rats, TNF-α was upregulated, cardiac sympathetic remodeling was more severe, and the nephrogenic cardiac sympathetic remodeling existed. Atorvastatin and etanercept could downregulate the expression of TNF-α or inhibit its activity, thus inhibited the above effects, and reduced the occurrence of VA and sudden cardiac death.
基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20230807112007014,to PG)Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund(SZXK046,to PG).
文摘Anti-glomerular basement membrane(anti-GBM)disease is a rare small vessel vasculitis representing the most aggressive form of autoimmune glomerulonephritis.[1,2]Its overall incidence ranges from 0.60 to 1.79 per million population annually.[1]Anti-GBM disease is mediated by abnormal anti-GBM antibody production,which mainly targets GBM and thus contributes to rapid progressive glomerulonephritis with a distinctive pattern of diffuse crescentic formation in the glomeruli.
基金funded by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20230807112007014)Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund (SZXK046)。
文摘BACKGROUND:We aimed to observe the dynamic changes in glucose metabolic reprogrammingrelated parameters and their ability to predict neurological prognosis and all-cause mortality in cardiac arrest patients after the restoration of spontaneous circulation(ROSC).METHODS:Adult cardiac arrest patients after ROSC who were admitted to the emergency or cardiac intensive care unit of the First Aflliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from August 1,2017,to May 30,2021,were enrolled.According to 28-day survival,the patients were divided into a non-survival group(n=82) and a survival group(n=38).Healthy adult volunteers(n=40) of similar ages and sexes were selected as controls.The serum levels of glucose metabolic reprogrammingrelated parameters(lactate dehydrogenase [LDH],lactate and pyruvate),neuron-specific enolase(NSE) and interleukin 6(IL-6) were measured on days 1,3,and 7 after ROSC.The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II(APACHE II) score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA) score were calculated.The Cerebral Performance Category(CPC) score was recorded on day 28 after ROSC.RESULTS:Following ROSC,the serum LDH(607.0 U/L vs.286.5 U/L),lactate(5.0 mmol/L vs.2.0 mmol/L),pyruvate(178.0 μmol/L vs.70.9 μmol/L),and lactate/pyruvate ratio(34.1 vs.22.1) significantly increased and were higher in the non-survivors than in the survivors on admission(all P<0.05).Moreover,the serum LDH,pyruvate,IL-6,APACHE II score,and SOFA score on days 1,3 and 7 after ROSC were significantly associated with 28-day poor neurological prognosis and 28-day all-cause mortality(all P<0.05).The serum LDH concentration on day 1 after ROSC had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC) of 0.904 [95% confidence interval [95% CI]:0.851–0.957]) with 96.8% specificity for predicting 28-day neurological prognosis and an AUC of 0.950(95% CI:0.911–0.989) with 94.7% specificity for predicting 28-day all-cause mortality,which was the highest among the glucose metabolic reprogramming-related parameters tested.CONCLUSION:Serum parameters related to glucose metabolic reprogramming were significantly increased after ROSC.Increased serum LDH and pyruvate levels,and lactate/pyruvate ratio may be associated with 28-day poor neurological prognosis and all-cause mortality after ROSC,and the predictive eflcacy of LDH during the first week was superior to others.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82103183,82102803,82272849)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ40767,2021JJ40976)+1 种基金the Natural Science Fund for Outstanding Youths in Hunan Province(2023JJ20093)the National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFC2504700).
文摘Dear Editor,Ferroptosis,an iron-dependent form of cell death driven by overwhelming lipid peroxidation,represents a vulnerability in cancers,and therapeutic strategies to further potentiate ferroptosis hold great potential for melanoma treatment.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant numbers:82171508 and 82071507).
文摘Background Sleep disturbance is a common comorbidity of major depressive disorder(MDD).However,network homogeneity(NH)changes of the default mode network(DMN)in MDD with sleep disturbances are unclear.Aims The purpose of this study was to probe the abnormal NH in the DMN in MDD with sleep disturbances and to reveal the differences between MDD with or without sleep disturbances.Methods Twenty-four patients with MDD and sleep disturbances(Pa_s),33 patients with MDD without sleep disturbances(Pa_ns)and 32 healthy controls(HCs)were recruited in this study.Resting-state functional imaging data were analysed using NH.Results Compared with Pa_ns and HCs,Pa_s showed decreased NH in the left superior medial prefrontal cortex and increased NH in the right precuneus.There was a negative correlation between NH in the left superior medial prefrontal cortex and sleep disturbances(r=−0.42,p=0.001)as well as a positive correlation between NH in the right precuneus and sleep disturbances(r=0.41,p=0.002)in patients with MDD.Conclusions MDD with sleep disturbances is associated with abnormal NH in the DMN,which could differentiate pa_s from pa_ns.The DMN may play a crucial role in the neurobiological mechanisms of MDD with sleep disturbances.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China General Program (82172179)Mathematics Tianyuan Fund (12126604)Central High-level Hospital Clinical Research Project (2022-PUMCH-B-110)
文摘BACKGROUND:Unsustained return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)is a critical barrier to survival in cardiac arrest patients.This study examined whether end-tidal carbon dioxide(ETCO_(2))and pulse oximetry photoplethysmogram(POP)parameters can be used to identify unsustained ROSC.METHODS:We conducted a multicenter observational prospective cohort study of consecutive patients with cardiac arrest from 2013 to 2014.Patients’general information,ETCO_(2),and POP parameters were collected and statistically analyzed.RESULTS:The included 105 ROSC episodes(from 80 cardiac arrest patients)comprised 51 sustained ROSC episodes and 54 unsustained ROSC episodes.The 24-hour survival rate was significantly higher in the sustained ROSC group than in the unsustained ROSC group(29.2%vs.9.4%,P<0.05).The logistic regression analysis showed that the difference between after and before ROSC in ETCO_(2)(ΔETCO_(2))and the difference between after and before ROCS in area under the curve of POP(ΔAUCp)were independently associated with sustained ROSC(odds ratio[OR]=0.931,95%confi dence interval[95%CI]0.881-0.984,P=0.011 and OR=0.998,95%CI 0.997-0.999,P<0.001).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ofΔETCO_(2),ΔAUCp,and the combination of both to predict unsustained ROSC were 0.752(95%CI 0.660-0.844),0.883(95%CI 0.818-0.948),and 0.902(95%CI 0.842-0.962),respectively.CONCLUSION:Patients with unsustained ROSC have a poor prognosis.The combination ofΔETCO_(2) andΔAUCp showed signifi cant predictive value for unsustained ROSC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:81801345)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(grant number:TJYXZDXK-033A).
文摘Background Observational studies highlight the association between gut microbiota(GM)composition and depression;however,evidence for the causal relationship between GM and specific depressive symptoms remains lacking.Aims We aimed to evaluate the causal relationship between GM and specific depressive symptoms as well as the mediating role of body mass index(BMI).Methods We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomisation(MR)analysis using genetic variants associated with GM and specific depressive symptoms from genome-wide association studies.The mediating role of BMI was subsequently explored using mediation analysis via two-step MR.Results MR evidence suggested the Bifidobacterium genus(β=0.03;95%CI-0.05 to-0.02;p<0.001 andβ=0.03;95%CI-0.05 to-0.02;p<0.001)and Actinobacteria phylum(β=-0.04;95%CI-0.06 to-0.02;p<0.001 andβ=-0.03;95%CI-0.05 to-0.03;p=0.001)had protective effects on both anhedonia and depressed mood.The Actinobacteria phylum also had protective effects on appetite changes(β=-0.04;95%CI-0.06 to-0.01;p=0.005),while the FamilyⅪhad an antiprotective effect(β=0.03;95%CI 0.01 to 0.04;p<0.001).The Bifidobacteriaceae family(β=-0.01;95%CI-0.02 to-0.01;p=0.001)and Actinobacteria phylum(β=-0.02;95%CI-0.03 to-0.01;p=0.001)showed protective effects against suicidality.The two-step MR analysis revealed that BMl also acted as a mediating moderator between the Actinobacteria phylum and appetite changes(mediated proportion,34.42%)and that BMI partially mediated the effect of the Bifidobacterium genus(14.14%and 8.05%)and Actinobacteria phylum(13.10%and 8.31%)on both anhedonia and depressed mood.Conclusions These findings suggest a potential therapeutic effect of Actinobacteria and Bifidobacterium on both depression and obesity.Further studies are required to translate these findings into clinical practice.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82171508)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan(2023JJ30758).
文摘Background The research findings on the topological properties of functional connectomes(TP-FCs)in patients with schizophrenia(SZPs)exhibit inconsistencies and contradictions,which can be attributed to limitations such as small sample sizes and heterogeneous data processing techniques.Aims To address these limitations,we conducted a large-scale study.Uniformdata processing flows were employed to investigate the aberrant TP-FCs and the associations between TP-FCs and symptoms or cognitions(A-TP-SCs)in SZPs.Methods The large-scale study included six datasets from four sites,involving 497 SZPs and 374 healthy controls(HCs).A uniform process for imaging data preprocessing and functional connectivity matrix configuration was used.ComBat was employed for data harmonisation,and various TPs were calculated.We explored between-group differences in brain functional integration(Fl)and functional segregation(FS)measured with TP-FCs,and conducted partial correlation analyses,with adjustments for age,gender and educational level,to identify A-TP-SCs.Results Comparedwith randomnetworks and HCs,SZPs maintained small-worldness and global FI capacity despite their compromised global FS capacity and resilience.A decline in nodal Fl and FS capacity was observed in sensory areas,whereas an increase in nodal FI capacity was found in regions associated with cognition and information integration.In addition,associations between TP-FCs and positive symptoms,negative symptoms or cognitive functions including speed of processing,visual learning and the ability to inhibit cognitive interference were identified in SZPs.Conclusions The identified A-TP-SCs verified that reductions in FS and resilience indicated pathological impairments in schizophrenia.The A-TP-SCs or TP-FCs,which measured the same attributes of the functional connectomes,exhibited high internal consistency,robustly reinforcing these findings.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1200602).
文摘The global prevalence rate for congenital hydrocephalus(CH)is approximately one out of every five hundred births with multifaceted predisposing factors at play.Genetic influences stand as a major contributor to CH pathogenesis,and epidemiological evidence suggests their involvement in up to 40%of all cases observed globally.Knowledge about an individual’s genetic susceptibility can significantly improve prognostic precision while aiding clinical decision-making processes.However,the precise genetic etiology has only been pinpointed in fewer than 5%of human instances.More occurrences of CH cases are required for comprehensive gene sequencing aimed at uncovering additional potential genetic loci.A deeper comprehension of its underlying genetics may offer invaluable insights into the molecular and cellular basis of this brain disorder.This review provides a summary of pertinent genes identified through gene sequencing technologies in humans,in addition to the 4 genes currently associated with CH(2 X-linked genes L1CAM and AP1S2,2 autosomal recessive MPDZ and CCDC88C).Others predominantly participate in aqueduct abnormalities,ciliary movement,and nervous system development.The prospective CH-related genes revealed through animal model gene-editing techniques are further outlined,focusing mainly on 4 pathways,namely cilia synthesis and movement,ion channels and transportation,Reissner’s fiber(RF)synthesis,cell apoptosis,and neurogenesis.Notably,the proper functioning of motile cilia provides significant impulsion for cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)circulation within the brain ventricles while mutations in cilia-related genes constitute a primary cause underlying this condition.So far,only a limited number of CH-associated genes have been identified in humans.The integration of genotype and phenotype for disease diagnosis represents a new trend in the medical field.Animal models provide insights into the pathogenesis of CH and contribute to our understanding of its association with related complications,such as renal cysts,scoliosis,and cardiomyopathy,as these genes may also play a role in the development of these diseases.Genes discovered in animals present potential targets for new treatments but require further validation through future human studies.
文摘BACKGROUND：Biomarkers may be helpful in risk stratification and prediction of mortality in septic patients. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic role of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid celI-I（sTREM-1）, procalcitonin （PCT）, C-reactive protein （CRP） and other inflammatory markers in patients with sepsis. METHODS：A total of 56 patients with systemic inflammation response syndrome （SIRS） who had been admitted to the ICU department of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between May 2009 and July 2010 were enrolled. They were divided into a sepsis group （n=32） and a SIRS group （n=24）. Twenty-five non-SIRS patients served as controls. The sepsis group was sub-divided into a survival group and a death group according to 28-day prognosis. The values of sTREM-1, PCT, CRP, white blood cell （WBC）, and neutrophil count percentage （N） were measured. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （APACHE II） score were determined within 24 hours. The correlation between sTREM-1 and APACHE II score was analyzed. Quantitative data were analyzed by the F test or the KruskaI-Wallis test. RESULTS： The plasma level of sTREM-1 in the sepsis group was significantly higher than that in the SIRS group and control group. The plasma level of sTREM-1 in the non-survival group was significantly higher than that in the survival group. In the sepsis group, the plasma sTREM-1 level was positively correlated with APACHE II score （rs=0.426, P= 0.032）. The area under the ROC curve of sTREM-1 was 0.935, larger than that of PCT and CRP. CONCLUSION：Plasma sTREM-1 is useful in the diagnosis of sepsis at early stage. The increased level of sTREM-1 during the first 24 hours may be correlated with poor outcome of patients with sepsis.
基金supported by National Science Foundation of China (No.31270374)Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University (No.2011DX008)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China (No.2009ZRB01875ZR2010CM062)
文摘We investigated the combined effects of soil moisture and light intensity on the growth, development and ecophysiological characteristics of one-year old Amorpha fruticosa seedlings. Soil moisture and light intensity influenced the ecophysiological characteristics of Amorpha fruticosa seedlings. Soil moisture resulted in the decreases of growth rate, individual size, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, leaf water loss rate （WLR）, and biomass accumulation of plant parts, and led to increased leaf water saturation deficit （WSD）. Under water stress, more photosynthetic products were allocated to root growth. With decreasing light intensity, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, chla/b, water saturation deficit, water use efficiency, water loss rate and biomass accumulation declined, while Chla, Chlb, Chla＋b and carotenoids （Car） increased and more photosynthetic products were allocated to stem and leaf growth. Maximum growth vigor, net photosynthetic rate and total biomass accumulation in Amorpha fruticosa seedlings was recorded at 75 80% soil water-holding capacity and 100% light density in greenhouse environments.
文摘Objective To measure the quantities and apoptosis-related protein levels of B lymphocyte in the patients with immunorelated pancytopenia （IRP） and explore the action of B lymphocyte in the pathogenic mechanism of IRP. Methods Quantifies of whole B lymphocytes and CD5^＋ B lymphocytes as well as the expressions of Fas and Bcl-2 in B lymphocytes in 35 patients with untreated IRP, 15 IRP patients in complete remission （CR）, and 10 normal controls were assayed by flow cytometry. The percentages of B lymphocyte and CD5^＋ B lymphocyte were significantly higher in untreated IRP patients than in CR IRP patients and normal controls （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and there was no significant difference between the latter two groups （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. There was no significant difference of Fas expression in B lymphocyte among three groups （ P 〉 0. 05）. The expression of Bcl-2 in B lymphocyte was significantly higher in untreated patients than in CR patients or normal controls （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, and significantly higher in CR patients than in normal controls （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The apoptosis. related index was significantly lower in untreated patients than in CR patients or normal controls （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and signif. icantly lower in CR patients than in normal controls （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The percentage of B lymphocyte was positively correlated with post-treated response time （ r = 0. 53, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The production of auto-antibodies in IRP patients probably has some relationship with the abnormal quantifies of B lymphocyte and its subpopulations as well as with the inhibition of B lymphocyte apoptosis.
基金Supported byaK eyProjectofTianjin ScientificCom m ittee(033804211).
文摘Objective To investigate the expression of Survivin mRNA in lung cancer tissue microarray （TMA） by fluorescence in .situ hybridization （FISH） method, and determine the role and significance of it in lung cancer genesis and progress. Methods The expression of Survivin mRNA was detected by FISH method and TMA technology. Fifty-four cases of lung cancer and 10 cases of normal lung tissue were examined. Survivin mRNA was expressed in 66.7% （36/54） of lung cancer; the positive ratio of lung cancer was significantly higher than that of normal lung tissue （0/10;X^2= 15.238, P 〈 0.05）. The positive ratio of Survivin mRNA was significantly higher in poor differentiated cancer （20/24, 83.3% ） than moderate and well differentiated cancer （16/30, 53.3%; X^2 = 5.40, P 〈 0.05）. The positive ratio of Survivin mRNA was significantly higher in group with lymph node metastasis （27/32, 84.4%） than without lymph node metastasis （9/22, 40.9%; X^2= 11.084, P 〈 0.05）. The positive ratio of Survivin mRNA was significantly higher in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ（12/13, 92.3%） than stage Ⅰ- Ⅱ （24/41,58.5%; X^2=5.066, P〈 0.05）. Conclusion Survivin mRNA highly expresses in lung cancer, which is related to the progress and malignant behavior. Survivin may play a promoting role in lung cancer genesis and progress and provide a basis for estimating prognosis and treatment.
文摘Background Smoking and other risk factors have been well known as important factors of variant angina or coronary artery spasm （CAS）. However, clinical features related to age on coronary artery spasm have been rarely evaluated. Methods We evaluated 3155 consecutive patients with insignificant coronary artery lesion. Patients underwent Acetylcholine （Ach） provocation test for induction of CAS. CAS was defined as 〉 70% luminal narrowing of coronary arteries during Ach provocation test. The results of Ach provocation test were compared among age groups; 〈 45 years （Group 1）, 45-54 years （Group 2）, 55-64 years （Group 3）, and 〉_ 65 years （Group 4）. Results Older patients had higher incidence of hypertension, diabetes, but lower incidence rate of current smoking, male sex compared with younger patients. Positive Ach provocation test finding was frequently showed with aging （47.36% vs. 58.3% vs. 62.6% vs. 61.5%; P 〈 0.001）. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that age, male, and myocardial bridge were independent predictors of CAS induced by Ach provocation test. Conclusion Our present study showed that old age was independent predictor for Ach-induced significant coronary artery spasm.
