光系统Ⅱ(photosystemⅡ,PSⅡ)是位于植物、藻类和蓝细菌等放氧光合生物类囊体膜上的重要超分子复合物,它可通过捕获光能用于激发反应中心的电荷分离并驱动电子传递过程,在常温常压下可将水分子裂解产生氧气和质子.植物光系统Ⅱ的外周...光系统Ⅱ(photosystemⅡ,PSⅡ)是位于植物、藻类和蓝细菌等放氧光合生物类囊体膜上的重要超分子复合物,它可通过捕获光能用于激发反应中心的电荷分离并驱动电子传递过程,在常温常压下可将水分子裂解产生氧气和质子.植物光系统Ⅱ的外周存在主要和次要捕光复合物Ⅱ(major and minor light-harvesting complexⅡ,LHCⅡ),它们负责吸收光能并向光系统Ⅱ传递激发能,并且还参与非光化学淬灭和状态转换相关的捕光调节过程.近年来,围绕光系统Ⅱ和LHCⅡ的结构生物学研究取得了一系列重要进展,本文总结了PSⅡ、LHCⅡ和二者共同组成的PSII-LHCII超级复合物的结构生物学研究历程以及最新进展,并对该领域的未来研究方向做出展望.展开更多
Objective In kinesin-3,the neck coil correlates with the following segments to form an extended neck that contains a characteristic hinge diverse from a proline in KIF13B to a long flexible linker in KIF1A.The functio...Objective In kinesin-3,the neck coil correlates with the following segments to form an extended neck that contains a characteristic hinge diverse from a proline in KIF13B to a long flexible linker in KIF1A.The function of this neck hinge for controlling processive movement,however,remains unclear.Methods We made a series of modifications to the neck hinges of KIF13B and KIF1A and tested their movement using a single-molecule motility assay.Results In KIF13B,the insertion of flexible residues before or after the proline differentially impacts the processivity or velocity,while the removal of this proline increases the both.In KIF1A,the deletion of entire flexible neck hinge merely enhances the processivity.The engineering of these hinge-truncated necks of kinesin-3 into kinesin-1 similarly boosts the processive movement of kinesin-1.Conclusion The neck hinge in kinesin-3 controls its processive movement and proper modifications tune the motor motility,which provides a novel strategy to reshape the processive movement of kinesin motors.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels,primarily including coronary heart disease,stroke,and other diseases.It is the world’s leading cause of death,and its incidence is incre...Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels,primarily including coronary heart disease,stroke,and other diseases.It is the world’s leading cause of death,and its incidence is increasing yearly.Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.Wnt signaling comprises a series of highly conservative cascading events controlling fundamental biological processes.Wnt signaling pathways include the canonical Wnt pathway(or Wnt/β-catenin pathway),the non canonical planar cell-polarity pathway,and the non-canonical calcium-dependent pathways.Abnormal Wnt signaling promotes cell proliferation and differentiation,cardiac malformations,various malignancies,so drugs targeting Wnt signaling play a great therapeutic potential.Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and stroke by regulating cell proliferation,migration,apoptosis,blood-brain barrier permeability,inflammation,oxidative stress,and immune response.Based on the latest research progress,this review summarizes the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cardiovascular diseases,in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
文摘光系统Ⅱ(photosystemⅡ,PSⅡ)是位于植物、藻类和蓝细菌等放氧光合生物类囊体膜上的重要超分子复合物,它可通过捕获光能用于激发反应中心的电荷分离并驱动电子传递过程,在常温常压下可将水分子裂解产生氧气和质子.植物光系统Ⅱ的外周存在主要和次要捕光复合物Ⅱ(major and minor light-harvesting complexⅡ,LHCⅡ),它们负责吸收光能并向光系统Ⅱ传递激发能,并且还参与非光化学淬灭和状态转换相关的捕光调节过程.近年来,围绕光系统Ⅱ和LHCⅡ的结构生物学研究取得了一系列重要进展,本文总结了PSⅡ、LHCⅡ和二者共同组成的PSII-LHCII超级复合物的结构生物学研究历程以及最新进展,并对该领域的未来研究方向做出展望.
文摘Objective In kinesin-3,the neck coil correlates with the following segments to form an extended neck that contains a characteristic hinge diverse from a proline in KIF13B to a long flexible linker in KIF1A.The function of this neck hinge for controlling processive movement,however,remains unclear.Methods We made a series of modifications to the neck hinges of KIF13B and KIF1A and tested their movement using a single-molecule motility assay.Results In KIF13B,the insertion of flexible residues before or after the proline differentially impacts the processivity or velocity,while the removal of this proline increases the both.In KIF1A,the deletion of entire flexible neck hinge merely enhances the processivity.The engineering of these hinge-truncated necks of kinesin-3 into kinesin-1 similarly boosts the processive movement of kinesin-1.Conclusion The neck hinge in kinesin-3 controls its processive movement and proper modifications tune the motor motility,which provides a novel strategy to reshape the processive movement of kinesin motors.
文摘Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels,primarily including coronary heart disease,stroke,and other diseases.It is the world’s leading cause of death,and its incidence is increasing yearly.Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.Wnt signaling comprises a series of highly conservative cascading events controlling fundamental biological processes.Wnt signaling pathways include the canonical Wnt pathway(or Wnt/β-catenin pathway),the non canonical planar cell-polarity pathway,and the non-canonical calcium-dependent pathways.Abnormal Wnt signaling promotes cell proliferation and differentiation,cardiac malformations,various malignancies,so drugs targeting Wnt signaling play a great therapeutic potential.Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and stroke by regulating cell proliferation,migration,apoptosis,blood-brain barrier permeability,inflammation,oxidative stress,and immune response.Based on the latest research progress,this review summarizes the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cardiovascular diseases,in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
