The conventional honey production is dominated by fragmented,small-scale individual farming models.The traditional approach of honey-harvesting involving manual beehive frames extraction,beeswax layer excision and cen...The conventional honey production is dominated by fragmented,small-scale individual farming models.The traditional approach of honey-harvesting involving manual beehive frames extraction,beeswax layer excision and centrifugal honey separation,expose beekeepers to potential bee stings and frequently compromise honeycomb integrity.To address these limitations,we designed an automated honey-harvesting robot capable of autonomous frame extraction and beeswax removal.The robot mainly consists of a mobile mechanism equipped with image recognition for beehive localization,a magnetic adsorption-based beehive frame handling device(60.8 N maximum suction)coupled with a cross-slide mechanism for precise frame manipulation,and a thermal beeswax layer-melting apparatus,with optimal melting parameters(15 m/s airflow at 90℃ for 30 seconds)determined through rigorous thermal flow simulations utilizing FLUENT/Mechanical software.Field experiments demonstrated beehive frames handling success rate exceeding 85%,beeswax layer removal efficacy over 80% and damage of honeycombs below 30%.The experiment results validate the robot's operational reliability and its capacity to automate critical harvesting procedures.This study significantly reduces the labor intensity for beekeepers,effectively eliminates the risk of direct human-bee contact and improves the removal of beeswax layer,thereby catalyzing the modernization of the beekeeping industry.展开更多
探究不同有机物料投入对滨海盐碱地土壤理化性质及玉米生长发育的调控作用,为滨海盐碱地夏玉米生产提供理论依据。试验于2021-2022年夏玉米生长季在山东省滨州市无棣县滨海盐碱型农田进行。有机物料类型及用量分别为腐植酸(3000 kg hm^(...探究不同有机物料投入对滨海盐碱地土壤理化性质及玉米生长发育的调控作用,为滨海盐碱地夏玉米生产提供理论依据。试验于2021-2022年夏玉米生长季在山东省滨州市无棣县滨海盐碱型农田进行。有机物料类型及用量分别为腐植酸(3000 kg hm^(–2), HA)、生物炭(15,000 kg hm^(–2), BC)、生物有机肥(15,000 kg hm^(–2), BO),以不添加有机物料为对照(CK),探究0~40 cm土层土壤容重、总孔隙度、田间持水量、pH值、电导率及总有机碳含量的变化,分析不同有机物料投入对玉米地上部干物质积累和产量形成的影响。结果表明,腐植酸、生物炭和生物有机肥的施用均可在一定程度上改善盐碱土理化性质。3种有机物料连续处理能有效降低表层土壤容重,增加土壤总孔隙度和田间持水量;可显著降低0~10cm土层pH,分别平均降低0.17、0.08和0.20。连续施用2年后,腐植酸显著降低0~40cm土层电导率,平均降低32.74%;3种有机物料显著增加0~20 cm土层中总有机碳的含量,其中生物炭处理能显著增加57.99%。腐植酸和生物有机肥处理显著增加夏玉米地上部干物质积累量和产量;连续使用2年后腐植酸处理产量显著增加了11.01%,表现较好。综上所述,本试验条件下腐植酸施用后能改善土壤物理结构、降低0~10 cm土层pH、提高土壤中有机碳含量、显著降低土壤电导率,促进夏玉米地上部干物质积累、提高籽粒产量,且连续施用2年后较CK增加纯收益。故而腐植酸可作为改良滨海盐碱地土壤理化性状、促进夏玉米生长发育的有机物料。生物有机肥的施用可改善土壤理化性状,但仍需进行定位试验以验证其长期经济效应。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31700644)Shandong Province Postdoctoral Innovation Project(SDCX-ZG-202400195)。
文摘The conventional honey production is dominated by fragmented,small-scale individual farming models.The traditional approach of honey-harvesting involving manual beehive frames extraction,beeswax layer excision and centrifugal honey separation,expose beekeepers to potential bee stings and frequently compromise honeycomb integrity.To address these limitations,we designed an automated honey-harvesting robot capable of autonomous frame extraction and beeswax removal.The robot mainly consists of a mobile mechanism equipped with image recognition for beehive localization,a magnetic adsorption-based beehive frame handling device(60.8 N maximum suction)coupled with a cross-slide mechanism for precise frame manipulation,and a thermal beeswax layer-melting apparatus,with optimal melting parameters(15 m/s airflow at 90℃ for 30 seconds)determined through rigorous thermal flow simulations utilizing FLUENT/Mechanical software.Field experiments demonstrated beehive frames handling success rate exceeding 85%,beeswax layer removal efficacy over 80% and damage of honeycombs below 30%.The experiment results validate the robot's operational reliability and its capacity to automate critical harvesting procedures.This study significantly reduces the labor intensity for beekeepers,effectively eliminates the risk of direct human-bee contact and improves the removal of beeswax layer,thereby catalyzing the modernization of the beekeeping industry.
文摘探究不同有机物料投入对滨海盐碱地土壤理化性质及玉米生长发育的调控作用,为滨海盐碱地夏玉米生产提供理论依据。试验于2021-2022年夏玉米生长季在山东省滨州市无棣县滨海盐碱型农田进行。有机物料类型及用量分别为腐植酸(3000 kg hm^(–2), HA)、生物炭(15,000 kg hm^(–2), BC)、生物有机肥(15,000 kg hm^(–2), BO),以不添加有机物料为对照(CK),探究0~40 cm土层土壤容重、总孔隙度、田间持水量、pH值、电导率及总有机碳含量的变化,分析不同有机物料投入对玉米地上部干物质积累和产量形成的影响。结果表明,腐植酸、生物炭和生物有机肥的施用均可在一定程度上改善盐碱土理化性质。3种有机物料连续处理能有效降低表层土壤容重,增加土壤总孔隙度和田间持水量;可显著降低0~10cm土层pH,分别平均降低0.17、0.08和0.20。连续施用2年后,腐植酸显著降低0~40cm土层电导率,平均降低32.74%;3种有机物料显著增加0~20 cm土层中总有机碳的含量,其中生物炭处理能显著增加57.99%。腐植酸和生物有机肥处理显著增加夏玉米地上部干物质积累量和产量;连续使用2年后腐植酸处理产量显著增加了11.01%,表现较好。综上所述,本试验条件下腐植酸施用后能改善土壤物理结构、降低0~10 cm土层pH、提高土壤中有机碳含量、显著降低土壤电导率,促进夏玉米地上部干物质积累、提高籽粒产量,且连续施用2年后较CK增加纯收益。故而腐植酸可作为改良滨海盐碱地土壤理化性状、促进夏玉米生长发育的有机物料。生物有机肥的施用可改善土壤理化性状,但仍需进行定位试验以验证其长期经济效应。
