Smart batteries play a key role in upgrading energy storage systems.However,they require a well-balanced integration of material structure,functional properties,and electrochemical performance,and their development is...Smart batteries play a key role in upgrading energy storage systems.However,they require a well-balanced integration of material structure,functional properties,and electrochemical performance,and their development is limited by conventional material systems in terms of energy density,response time,and functional integration.Carbon materials have emerged as a key solution for overcoming these problems due to their structural adjustability and multifunctional compatibility.Strategies for improving their electrochemical performance by changing the pore structure and interlayer spacing,as well as chemical functionalization,and composite design are analyzed,and their impact on improving the specific capacity and cycling stability of batteries is demonstrated.The unique advantages of carbon materials in realizing smart functions such as power supply,real-time monitoring and energy management in smart batteries are also discussed.Based on current progress in related fields,the prospects for the use of carbon materials in smart batteries are evaluated.展开更多
Carbon materials are a key component in energy storage and conversion devices and their microstructure plays a crucial role in determining device performance.However,traditional carbon materials are unable to meet the...Carbon materials are a key component in energy storage and conversion devices and their microstructure plays a crucial role in determining device performance.However,traditional carbon materials are unable to meet the requirements for applications in emerging fields such as renewable energy and electric vehicles due to limitations including a disordered structure and uncontrolled defects.With an aim of realizing devisable structures,adjustable functions,and performance breakthroughs,superstructured carbons is proposed and represent a category of carbon-based materials,characterized by precisely-built pores,networks,and interfaces.Superstructured carbons can overcome the limitations of traditional carbon materials and improve the performance of energy storage and conversion devices.We review the structure-activity relationships of superstructured carbons and recent research advances from three aspects including a precisely customized pore structure,a dense carbon network framework,and a multi-component highly coupled interface between the different components.Finally,we provide an outlook on the future development of and practical challenges in energy storage and conversion devices.展开更多
碳捕获与封存技术是一种具有前景的CO2减排策略。本工作采用巨正则蒙特卡洛模拟研究了温度为298 K、压强在0~5 k Pa范围内三种混合超微孔材料SIFSIX-X-Cu(以SiF62–排列, Cu为金属中心, X=2, 3, O)中CO2/N2吸附与分离的行为。结果显示,...碳捕获与封存技术是一种具有前景的CO2减排策略。本工作采用巨正则蒙特卡洛模拟研究了温度为298 K、压强在0~5 k Pa范围内三种混合超微孔材料SIFSIX-X-Cu(以SiF62–排列, Cu为金属中心, X=2, 3, O)中CO2/N2吸附与分离的行为。结果显示,相比于SIFSIX-2-Cu, SIFSIX-3-Cu和SIFSIX-O-Cu中CO2在0.5 k Pa就达到吸附饱和,且在1 k Pa下的吸附量分别达到了2.70与2.39 mmol·g–1。CO2/N2混合气体中CO2的吸附量几乎没有下降。SIFSIX-3-Cu和SIFSIX-O-Cu具有接近于CO2分子动力学直径的孔径,对CO2亲和力较大,吸附热分别达到了59和66 k J·mol–1。密度泛函理论分析发现,在两种结构中每个孔隙只吸附一个CO2分子,且几乎处于孔道的中心。本工作为低压下吸附与分离CO2的混合超微孔材料的开发提供了理论指导。展开更多
文摘Smart batteries play a key role in upgrading energy storage systems.However,they require a well-balanced integration of material structure,functional properties,and electrochemical performance,and their development is limited by conventional material systems in terms of energy density,response time,and functional integration.Carbon materials have emerged as a key solution for overcoming these problems due to their structural adjustability and multifunctional compatibility.Strategies for improving their electrochemical performance by changing the pore structure and interlayer spacing,as well as chemical functionalization,and composite design are analyzed,and their impact on improving the specific capacity and cycling stability of batteries is demonstrated.The unique advantages of carbon materials in realizing smart functions such as power supply,real-time monitoring and energy management in smart batteries are also discussed.Based on current progress in related fields,the prospects for the use of carbon materials in smart batteries are evaluated.
文摘Carbon materials are a key component in energy storage and conversion devices and their microstructure plays a crucial role in determining device performance.However,traditional carbon materials are unable to meet the requirements for applications in emerging fields such as renewable energy and electric vehicles due to limitations including a disordered structure and uncontrolled defects.With an aim of realizing devisable structures,adjustable functions,and performance breakthroughs,superstructured carbons is proposed and represent a category of carbon-based materials,characterized by precisely-built pores,networks,and interfaces.Superstructured carbons can overcome the limitations of traditional carbon materials and improve the performance of energy storage and conversion devices.We review the structure-activity relationships of superstructured carbons and recent research advances from three aspects including a precisely customized pore structure,a dense carbon network framework,and a multi-component highly coupled interface between the different components.Finally,we provide an outlook on the future development of and practical challenges in energy storage and conversion devices.
文摘碳捕获与封存技术是一种具有前景的CO2减排策略。本工作采用巨正则蒙特卡洛模拟研究了温度为298 K、压强在0~5 k Pa范围内三种混合超微孔材料SIFSIX-X-Cu(以SiF62–排列, Cu为金属中心, X=2, 3, O)中CO2/N2吸附与分离的行为。结果显示,相比于SIFSIX-2-Cu, SIFSIX-3-Cu和SIFSIX-O-Cu中CO2在0.5 k Pa就达到吸附饱和,且在1 k Pa下的吸附量分别达到了2.70与2.39 mmol·g–1。CO2/N2混合气体中CO2的吸附量几乎没有下降。SIFSIX-3-Cu和SIFSIX-O-Cu具有接近于CO2分子动力学直径的孔径,对CO2亲和力较大,吸附热分别达到了59和66 k J·mol–1。密度泛函理论分析发现,在两种结构中每个孔隙只吸附一个CO2分子,且几乎处于孔道的中心。本工作为低压下吸附与分离CO2的混合超微孔材料的开发提供了理论指导。
