摘要
Carbon materials are a key component in energy storage and conversion devices and their microstructure plays a crucial role in determining device performance.However,traditional carbon materials are unable to meet the requirements for applications in emerging fields such as renewable energy and electric vehicles due to limitations including a disordered structure and uncontrolled defects.With an aim of realizing devisable structures,adjustable functions,and performance breakthroughs,superstructured carbons is proposed and represent a category of carbon-based materials,characterized by precisely-built pores,networks,and interfaces.Superstructured carbons can overcome the limitations of traditional carbon materials and improve the performance of energy storage and conversion devices.We review the structure-activity relationships of superstructured carbons and recent research advances from three aspects including a precisely customized pore structure,a dense carbon network framework,and a multi-component highly coupled interface between the different components.Finally,we provide an outlook on the future development of and practical challenges in energy storage and conversion devices.
炭材料作为能源存储和转换设备的关键组分,其微观结构对设备的性能具有重要作用。然而,传统炭材料由于结构单一、织构无序且缺陷较多等局限性,难以满足可再生能源、电动汽车等新兴领域对高性能设备的需求。作为一种新型炭材料,具有精确定制的孔隙、网络和界面的超结构炭有效克服了传统炭材料的不足,显著提升了能源存储与转换设备的性能和多功能性。本文从精准定制的孔结构、致密的碳网络框架以及多组分高度耦合的界面等3个方面系统地介绍了超结构炭材料的结构-活性关系及其最新研究进展。最后,对能源存储与转换设备未来的发展方向及面临的实际挑战提出了展望。
出处
《新型炭材料(中英文)》
北大核心
2025年第4期962-972,共11页
New Carbon Materials
基金
国家自然科学基金(52172040、52202041和U23B2077)
山东省泰山学者计划项目(ts202208832、tsqn202211086和tsqnz20221118)
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2024QE130)
中央高校基本科研业务费(23CX06055A).
作者简介
通讯作者:孔德斌,教授.E-mail:kongdb@upc.deu.cn;通讯作者:智林杰,教授.E-mail:zhilj@upc.edu.cn;第一作者:左明雪.E-mail:zuomingx@163.com。
