To complete the contact fatigue reliability analysis of spur gear under elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) efficiently and accurately, an intelligent method is proposed. Oil film pressure is approximated using quadra...To complete the contact fatigue reliability analysis of spur gear under elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) efficiently and accurately, an intelligent method is proposed. Oil film pressure is approximated using quadratic polynomial with intercrossing term and then mapped into the Hertz contact zone. Considering the randomness of the EHL, material properties and fatigue strength correction factors, the probabilistic reliability analysis model is established using artificial neural network(ANN). Genetic algorithm(GA) is employed to search the minimum reliability index and the design point by introducing an adjusting factor in penalty function. Reliability sensitivity analysis is completed based on the advanced first order second moment(AFOSM). Numerical example shows that the established probabilistic reliability analysis model could correctly reflect the effect of EHL on contact fatigue of spur gear, and the proposed intelligent method has an excellent global search capability as well as a highly efficient computing performance compared with the traditional Monte Carlo method(MCM).展开更多
In order to consider the effects of elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) on contact fatigue reliability of spur gear, an accurate and efficient method that combines with response surface method(RSM) and first order sec...In order to consider the effects of elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) on contact fatigue reliability of spur gear, an accurate and efficient method that combines with response surface method(RSM) and first order second moment method(FOSM) was developed for estimating the contact fatigue reliability of spur gear under EHL. The mechanical model of contact stress analysis of spur gear under EHL was established, in which the oil film pressure was mapped into hertz contact zone. Considering the randomness of EHL, material properties and fatigue strength correction factors, the proposed method was used to analyze the contact fatigue reliability of spur gear under EHL. Compared with the results of 1.5×105 by traditional Monte-Carlo, the difference between the two failure probability results calculated by the above mentioned methods is 2.2×10-4, the relative error of the failure probability results is 26.8%, and time-consuming only accounts for 0.14% of the traditional Monte-Carlo method(MCM). Sensitivity analysis results are in very good agreement with practical cognition. Analysis results show that the proposed method is precise and efficient, and could correctly reflect the influence of EHL on contact fatigue reliability of spur gear.展开更多
Cold orbital forging is an advanced spur bevel gear forming technology. Generally, the spur bevel gear in the cold orbital forging process is formed by two steps: the preforming step and the final step. Due to the gre...Cold orbital forging is an advanced spur bevel gear forming technology. Generally, the spur bevel gear in the cold orbital forging process is formed by two steps: the preforming step and the final step. Due to the great importance of the final step to gear forming and its complication with interactive factors, this work aims at examining the influence of key factors on the final step in cold orbital forging of a spur bevel gear. Using the finite element(FE) method and control variate method, the influence rules of four key factors, rotation velocity of the upper tool, n, feeding velocity of the lower tool, v, tilted angle of the upper tool, γ, friction factor between the tools and the billet, m, on the geometry and the deformation inhomogeneity of the cold orbital forged gear are thoroughly clarified. The research results show that the flash becomes more homogeneous with increasing v, increasing m, decreasing n or decreasing γ. And the deformation of the gear becomes more homogeneous with increasing v, decreasing n or decreasing γ. Finally, a corresponding experiment is conducted, which verifies the accuracy of FE simulation conclusions.展开更多
The thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication characteristics of a modified gear system under a dynamic load were investigated,including the influence of the modification coefficient and vibrations.Based on the dynamic t...The thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication characteristics of a modified gear system under a dynamic load were investigated,including the influence of the modification coefficient and vibrations.Based on the dynamic theory of gear systems,a six-degree-of-freedom tribo-dynamics model was established.Thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication characteristics of a modified gear system under vibrations and a static load were analyzed.The results showed that the positive transmission gear system exhibited the better lubrication effect compared with other transmission types.A thick lubricating oil film could be formed,and the friction coefficient between the teeth and the oil film flash temperature were the smallest.As the modification coefficient increased,the lubrication condition was continuously improved,and the scuffing load capacity was enhanced.The increment of the modification coefficient increased the meshing stiffness of the gear system but reduced the stiffness of the oil film.展开更多
A nonlinear impact damping model of single-degree-of-freedom spur cylindrical gear with backlash and time-varying stiffness was established. Systematic analyses of the dynamic responses were performed. First, the nonl...A nonlinear impact damping model of single-degree-of-freedom spur cylindrical gear with backlash and time-varying stiffness was established. Systematic analyses of the dynamic responses were performed. First, the nonlinear damping coefficient was considered as a constant parameter with two types of compliance exponent, meanwhile, dynamic factors were adopted to depict the dynamic characteristics. Second, the bifurcation graphs were plotted, where the damping coefficient was obtained along with the impact velocity and coefficient of restitution. The results show that light and heavy load conditions have an effect on the responses when the compliance exponent is integer. On the contrary, when the compliance exponent is non-integer, the dynamic responses are slightly affected, namely the system is more stable than the former situation.展开更多
基金Project(CX2014B060) supported by Hunan Provincial Innovation for Postgraduate,ChinaProject(8130208) supported by General Armament Pre-research Foundation
文摘To complete the contact fatigue reliability analysis of spur gear under elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) efficiently and accurately, an intelligent method is proposed. Oil film pressure is approximated using quadratic polynomial with intercrossing term and then mapped into the Hertz contact zone. Considering the randomness of the EHL, material properties and fatigue strength correction factors, the probabilistic reliability analysis model is established using artificial neural network(ANN). Genetic algorithm(GA) is employed to search the minimum reliability index and the design point by introducing an adjusting factor in penalty function. Reliability sensitivity analysis is completed based on the advanced first order second moment(AFOSM). Numerical example shows that the established probabilistic reliability analysis model could correctly reflect the effect of EHL on contact fatigue of spur gear, and the proposed intelligent method has an excellent global search capability as well as a highly efficient computing performance compared with the traditional Monte Carlo method(MCM).
基金Project(CX2014B060)supported by Hunan Provincial Innovation for Postgraduate,ChinaProject(8130208)supported by General Armament Pre-research Foundation,China
文摘In order to consider the effects of elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) on contact fatigue reliability of spur gear, an accurate and efficient method that combines with response surface method(RSM) and first order second moment method(FOSM) was developed for estimating the contact fatigue reliability of spur gear under EHL. The mechanical model of contact stress analysis of spur gear under EHL was established, in which the oil film pressure was mapped into hertz contact zone. Considering the randomness of EHL, material properties and fatigue strength correction factors, the proposed method was used to analyze the contact fatigue reliability of spur gear under EHL. Compared with the results of 1.5×105 by traditional Monte-Carlo, the difference between the two failure probability results calculated by the above mentioned methods is 2.2×10-4, the relative error of the failure probability results is 26.8%, and time-consuming only accounts for 0.14% of the traditional Monte-Carlo method(MCM). Sensitivity analysis results are in very good agreement with practical cognition. Analysis results show that the proposed method is precise and efficient, and could correctly reflect the influence of EHL on contact fatigue reliability of spur gear.
基金Project(51105287)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(IRT13087)supported by Innovative Research Team Development Program of Ministry of Education of China+2 种基金Project(2012-86)supported by High-End Talent Leading Program of Hubei Province,ChinaProject(2014CFB876)supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hubei ProvinceChina
文摘Cold orbital forging is an advanced spur bevel gear forming technology. Generally, the spur bevel gear in the cold orbital forging process is formed by two steps: the preforming step and the final step. Due to the great importance of the final step to gear forming and its complication with interactive factors, this work aims at examining the influence of key factors on the final step in cold orbital forging of a spur bevel gear. Using the finite element(FE) method and control variate method, the influence rules of four key factors, rotation velocity of the upper tool, n, feeding velocity of the lower tool, v, tilted angle of the upper tool, γ, friction factor between the tools and the billet, m, on the geometry and the deformation inhomogeneity of the cold orbital forged gear are thoroughly clarified. The research results show that the flash becomes more homogeneous with increasing v, increasing m, decreasing n or decreasing γ. And the deformation of the gear becomes more homogeneous with increasing v, decreasing n or decreasing γ. Finally, a corresponding experiment is conducted, which verifies the accuracy of FE simulation conclusions.
基金Projects(51575289,51705270)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘The thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication characteristics of a modified gear system under a dynamic load were investigated,including the influence of the modification coefficient and vibrations.Based on the dynamic theory of gear systems,a six-degree-of-freedom tribo-dynamics model was established.Thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication characteristics of a modified gear system under vibrations and a static load were analyzed.The results showed that the positive transmission gear system exhibited the better lubrication effect compared with other transmission types.A thick lubricating oil film could be formed,and the friction coefficient between the teeth and the oil film flash temperature were the smallest.As the modification coefficient increased,the lubrication condition was continuously improved,and the scuffing load capacity was enhanced.The increment of the modification coefficient increased the meshing stiffness of the gear system but reduced the stiffness of the oil film.
基金Project(51275530)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2011CB706800)supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(2013zzts198)supported by the Fundamental Research Founds of Central South University,China
文摘A nonlinear impact damping model of single-degree-of-freedom spur cylindrical gear with backlash and time-varying stiffness was established. Systematic analyses of the dynamic responses were performed. First, the nonlinear damping coefficient was considered as a constant parameter with two types of compliance exponent, meanwhile, dynamic factors were adopted to depict the dynamic characteristics. Second, the bifurcation graphs were plotted, where the damping coefficient was obtained along with the impact velocity and coefficient of restitution. The results show that light and heavy load conditions have an effect on the responses when the compliance exponent is integer. On the contrary, when the compliance exponent is non-integer, the dynamic responses are slightly affected, namely the system is more stable than the former situation.
