Aim To observe the effect of L-pantoprazole sodium on gastric acid secretion in rats. Methods The rats single injection to the drug on tail after fasting but help water 48h, then threading the pyloric ligation at the ...Aim To observe the effect of L-pantoprazole sodium on gastric acid secretion in rats. Methods The rats single injection to the drug on tail after fasting but help water 48h, then threading the pyloric ligation at the junction of the pylorus and duodenum, and the animals were fasted and ban water 5h. We remove the total gastrec- tomy, gastric juice was collected and the amount of the volume, and the determination of total acidity、total acidity secretion^pH value. Results L-pantoprazole sodium and pan pantoprazole sodium can significantly reduce the to- tal acidity secretion volume （P 〈 0.05）, increased gastric pH （P 〈 0.01 ）. D-pantoprazole sodium on gastric acid secretion of gastric juice and total PH had no significant effect （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion L-pantoprazole sodiumhas significant inhibition of gastric acid secretion, the mechanism of the treatment of peptic ulcer may be through inhibition of proton pump discharge acid effect, to play a role in the protection of gastric mucosa.展开更多
We have reported that the central mechanism of acupuncture-induced PRL secretion in non-lactating rats are related to antagonizing hypothalamic dopamine activity; noradrenaline system played little significant role in...We have reported that the central mechanism of acupuncture-induced PRL secretion in non-lactating rats are related to antagonizing hypothalamic dopamine activity; noradrenaline system played little significant role in the acupuncture effect; Υ-aminobutyric-acid system perhaps participated in this effect.This paper further provided evidence that central serotonin and EOP play a stimulatory role in the acupuncture induced secretion of prolactin; acupuncture may antagonize inhibitory effect of H<sub>2</sub> histamine receptor activation on prolactin secretion; the possible role of H<sub>1</sub>-receptor needs further investigation.展开更多
The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary energy levels and sources on the blood metabolites,hormone secretion and the composition of follicular fluid in gilts.Fifty-four gilts with initial ...The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary energy levels and sources on the blood metabolites,hormone secretion and the composition of follicular fluid in gilts.Fifty-four gilts with initial body weight of(59±4.2) kg were randomly allotted to six treatments.Treatments were low, normal,and high energy feeding levels,which were 87.5%,100%and 112.5%of recommendatory energy requirements by NRC(1998),respectively,and dietary energy sources(starch or fat).Blood samples and follicular fluids were collected on D18 and D19 of the second estrous cycle.The results showed that plasma concentrations of triglycerides and total cholesterol were higher in the fat group than that in the starch group(P【0.05),but those of glucose were similar between the two energy sources(P】0.05);dietary energy level exerted no effect on blood metabolites concentration(P】0.05).Gilts fed the high energy diet had a higher area under curve of plasma insulin(Insulin AUC),insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ) and leptin than did gilts fed the lower energy diet(P【0.05),but there was no significant difference between fat versus starch(P】0.05).Luteinizing hormone(LH) pulses were higher in gilts fed high energy rather than that in low energy diets(P】0.05),plasma concentration of estradiol(E<sub>2</sub>) was higher in the fat group than that in the starch group(P【0.05).The number of large follicles(diameter≥4 mm) and concentrations of IGF-Ⅰand E<sub>2</sub> in follicular fluid were increasing significant as the level of energy increased(P【0.05),but the numbers of large follicles and follicular fluid composition were not affected by the source of dietary energy(P】0.05).The results indicate that gilts fed high energy diets had elevated plasma concentrations of metabolic hormones,IGF-Ⅰand LH secretion,and increased follicular fluid concentrations of IGF-Ⅰ,E<sub>2</sub> and numbers of large follicles;gilts fed the dietary fat had a higher plasma concentration of cholesterol and E<sub>2</sub>.展开更多
尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense,Foc)依据对寄主易感性分为4个不同的生理小种,其中4号生理小种(Foc4)几乎能危害目前所有栽培品种。为研究其SIX(secreted in xylem)蛋白编码基因SIX2和SIX6在Foc4对寄主差异性...尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense,Foc)依据对寄主易感性分为4个不同的生理小种,其中4号生理小种(Foc4)几乎能危害目前所有栽培品种。为研究其SIX(secreted in xylem)蛋白编码基因SIX2和SIX6在Foc4对寄主差异性选择中的作用,利用PEG介导的原生质体转化法将基于pCT74质粒框架构建的SIX2、SIX6基因敲除质粒分别转入Foc4 B2菌株,分别得到了SIX2和SIX6基因敲除突变体,然后分析敲除突变体与野生型的生物学特性差异。生物学研究结果表明:SIX2、SIX6基因的缺失突变体均呈现菌丝稀疏、生长速率减慢、产孢率降低、菌丝异核率增加,对渗透压、外源氧等外源胁迫更为敏感等特征。致病力分析实验发现ΔFoSIX2和ΔFoSIX6突变体的孢子在香蕉苗的幼嫩根部附着量减少,孢子根部定殖能力降低;ΔFoSIX2菌株基本上丧失了对巴西蕉的致病力,而对粉蕉仍有较强的致病能力;ΔFoSIX6菌株则对粉蕉苗、巴西香蕉苗盆栽致病力均呈极显著下降。依据生物学与致病力测定结果,推测Foc4中SIX6基因决定Foc4对寄主的致病力,而SIX2基因则决定Foc4对寄主的差异性选择能力。展开更多
Progressive beta cell apoptosis is a major cause leading to a decline in beta cell mass in type 2 diabetes. While it has been discovered that mitochondrial protein Sirtuin 5 （ SIRT5 ） functions as the primary site o...Progressive beta cell apoptosis is a major cause leading to a decline in beta cell mass in type 2 diabetes. While it has been discovered that mitochondrial protein Sirtuin 5 （ SIRT5 ） functions as the primary site of oxidative metabolism and plays crucial roles in apoptosis and intracellular signaling, the contribution of SIRT5 in beta cell re- mains to be fully defined. Given the potential benefit of SIRT5 activation in cell metabolism, this study aimed to examine whether overexpression of SIRT5 in beta cells is sufficient to prevent saturated fatty acid induced impair- ment in insulin secretion and apoptosis, thus elucidating the role of SIRT5 in beta cell protection. In line with our previous study, two kinds of pancreatic beta cell lines were selected for the detection. Mouse-derived NIT-1 cells as well as human-derived PANC-1 cells were transfected with GFP-SIRT5-Ad plasmid and cell apoptosis was induced by palmitic acid （0.5 mM） , validated with TUNEL-DAPI double staining and RTCA iCelligence cell growth moni- tor system. Compared with control group, it was shown that SIRT5 overexpression could significantly reduce the quantity of apoptotic beta cells under chronic exposure to palmitic acid, accompanied with decreased Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 activities. Accordingly, cytochrome C oxidase activity in cells was also suppressed. Meanwhile, palmitic acid suppressed glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, but SIRT5 overexpression could recover the beta cell insulin secretion capacity against glucose fluctuation. Moreover, it is discovered that novel binding relationship exists be- tween SIRT5 and Bcl-XL, providing a reliable explanation for the anti-apoptosis role of SIRT5. Together, these re- sults reveal a potential role of SIRT5 in improvement of saturated fatty acid -induced beta cell dysfunction and apop- tosis. Considering the role of beta cell apoptosis in T2DM, overexpression or activation of SIRT5 may provide an e-rumpent approach as a potential target for beta cell protection. This approach might actually reverse the disease to a degree rather than just palliate glycemia.展开更多
It has been demonstrated that tbe critical role ofbone marrow stromal cells (HMSCs ) is to sustain theselfrenewal of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells andmaintain the homeostasis of bone marrow hematopoiesismicroen...It has been demonstrated that tbe critical role ofbone marrow stromal cells (HMSCs ) is to sustain theselfrenewal of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells andmaintain the homeostasis of bone marrow hematopoiesismicroenvironment. BMSC progenitor can differentiateinto several clements including macrophages, endothelialcells, fibroblasts and some other cells. Almost展开更多
OBJECTIVE To identify the role of GSK3 isoform inhibition on inflammasome activation.METHODS The NLRP3 inflammasome was activated by typical LPS/ATP and host-derived metabolites in primary mouse macrophages.The pharma...OBJECTIVE To identify the role of GSK3 isoform inhibition on inflammasome activation.METHODS The NLRP3 inflammasome was activated by typical LPS/ATP and host-derived metabolites in primary mouse macrophages.The pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 isoforms on inflammasome activation was assayed by quantifying IL-1βin the supernatant,and activated caspase-1in cell lysates using highly selective inhibitors.Further molecular mechanisms were investigated by protein pulldown assay,confocal imaging using forced gene expression system and endogenous protein tagged mouse macrophages.RESULTS Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3-β,but not GSK3-αisoform suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to ATP,urate crystal and the microbial alkaloid toxin staurosporine.GSK3-βinhibition did not inhibit melanoma 2(AIM2)inflammasome activation in response to double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)and did not affect non-canonical caspase-11 inflammasome activation.GSK3-βinhibition suppressed high glucose mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.Mechanistically,GSK3-βinhibition blocked NLRP3 inflammasome by preventing pro IL-1βtranscription,reducing caspase-1 activation and ASC speck formation.GSK3-βinhibition blocked NLRP3 inflammasome activation without affecting the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS)which is a crucial component in initialing inflammasome activation.Further studies revealed that GSK3-βdirectly binds to ASC by both co-forced expression and endogenous protein level.Interestingly,we found ASC can be glycosylated in response to inflammasome activation,and GSK3-βinhibition reduced ASC glycosylation.Consistently,the O-Glc NAc transferase(OGT)deficient mouse macrophages showed the significant reduction of mature IL-1βsecretion in response to NLRP3 inflammasome activation.CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate a critical role of metabolism-sensing GSK3-βpathway in mediating NLRP3 inflammasome activation,thus defining a new therapeutic target for sterile inflammation.展开更多
A concept of secret sharing scheme with the function of assignment is proposed. It provides great capabilities for many practical applications. In this scheme, the dealer can randomly assign one or more than one parti...A concept of secret sharing scheme with the function of assignment is proposed. It provides great capabilities for many practical applications. In this scheme, the dealer can randomly assign one or more than one participant to get the secret at any time, but these participants can get nothing about the secret before that moment. At the same time, the other participants cannot get anything about the secret by stealing the secret value when it is transferred. However, if the dealer is lost, a certain number or more partidtmnts of them can reoonstruct the secret by ccoperating. In order to clear this concept, an illustrating scheme with geometry method and a practical scheme with algebra method is given.展开更多
A key problem of electronic commerce （for short e-commerce） is fair exchange which guarantees that at the end of the transaction, either both parties involved in the trausaction receive each other＇s items or none d...A key problem of electronic commerce （for short e-commerce） is fair exchange which guarantees that at the end of the transaction, either both parties involved in the trausaction receive each other＇s items or none do. A non-interactive optimistic fair exchange e-commerce protocol model based on the publicly verifiable secret sharing is presented. The main idea of our exchange protocol is to interchange verifiable and recoverable keys of the symmetric encryption for participants＇ items. So it is especially suitable for exchange of large-size items. Furthermore, our protocol is efficient and simple as it does not need interactive proof system which has been adopted by a large quantity of previously proposed fair exchange protocols. Based on a modified （2,2） secret sharing scheme, a concrete non-interactive fair exchange e-commerce protocol is designed.展开更多
Because the intrinsic characteristics of mobile ad hoc networks（MANETs） cause several vulnerabilities,anonymous routing protocols attract much more attention in secure mobile ad hoc networks for the purposes of secu...Because the intrinsic characteristics of mobile ad hoc networks（MANETs） cause several vulnerabilities,anonymous routing protocols attract much more attention in secure mobile ad hoc networks for the purposes of security and privacy concerns.Until recently,lots of anonymous routing protocols have been proposed.However,most of them are single path or use one path at a time,and the multipath schemes can not thwart both the passive attacks and active attacks simultaneously.Thus an anonymous multipath routing protocol based on secret sharing is proposed.The protocol provides identity anonymity,location anonymity,data and traffic anonymity by employing cryptograph technology and secret sharing in MANET communication process.Meanwhile,a hash function is introduced to detect active attacks in the data transmission process.The protocol can effectively thwart various passive attacks and reduce the successful probability of active attacks（such as interception and physical destroy attacks）.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides a reasonably good level of network security and performance.展开更多
To assure the shareholders can look for their ＂legal＂ attorneys to renew the secret, once the secret sharing scheme is initialized, a secret sharing scheme with inherited characteristic is constructed. In this schem...To assure the shareholders can look for their ＂legal＂ attorneys to renew the secret, once the secret sharing scheme is initialized, a secret sharing scheme with inherited characteristic is constructed. In this scheme, each shareholder can produce a new share by his algorithm, which is equivalent to the primary one. Together with other shares, the primary secret can be renewed. Since this scheme is constructed not by replacing the primary share with a new share produced by the dealer in his primitive secret sharing scheme, so no matter how much shares the shareholder produces, these shares can not be gathered together to renew the secret in this scheme. Compared with the existing secret sharing schemes, this scheme provides more agility for the shareholders by investing each of them a function but not affect its security.展开更多
The visual secret sharing scheme proposed by Naor and Shamir provides a way to encrypt a secret black-white image into shares. A qualified group of participants can recover the secret message without using any cryptog...The visual secret sharing scheme proposed by Naor and Shamir provides a way to encrypt a secret black-white image into shares. A qualified group of participants can recover the secret message without using any cryptographic computation. But the original scheme can easily be corrupted by malicious participant. We propose an extension of VSS(visual secret sharing) to identify cheaters before the secret is recovered. Without the need for any additional information and cryptographic computation, every participant can verify the validity of shares of other participants, thus the security of VSS is enhanced.展开更多
This paper theoretically analyzes a deficiency of the existing scheme, and proposes a distributed multi-hop certification authority scheme for mobile Ad Hoc networks. In our design, we distribute the certification aut...This paper theoretically analyzes a deficiency of the existing scheme, and proposes a distributed multi-hop certification authority scheme for mobile Ad Hoc networks. In our design, we distribute the certification authority functions through a threshold secret sharing mechanism, in which each node holds a secret share and multiple nodes jointly provide complete services. Certification authority is not limited in a local neighborhood but can be completed within multi-hop location. In addition, we replace broadcast by multicast to improve system performance and reduce communication overhead. This paper resolves some technical problems of ubiquitous certification authority services, and presents a wieldy multi-hop certification authority algorithm. Simulation results confirm the availability and effectiveness of our design.展开更多
郑伯奇1940年问世的《哈尔滨的暗影》是一个长期没有得到学界关注的重要文本,这部取材于震惊中外的1933年哈尔滨西蒙·卡斯普绑架案的四幕话剧,与章泯的独幕剧《痛打日本鬼》、阳翰笙的电影剧本《日本间谍》、林适存的四幕话剧《日...郑伯奇1940年问世的《哈尔滨的暗影》是一个长期没有得到学界关注的重要文本,这部取材于震惊中外的1933年哈尔滨西蒙·卡斯普绑架案的四幕话剧,与章泯的独幕剧《痛打日本鬼》、阳翰笙的电影剧本《日本间谍》、林适存的四幕话剧《日本的间谍》和顾佛影的《二十鞭杂剧》一道,构成了一个以Amleto.Vespa(万斯白)的Secret Agent of Japan(《日本密探》)中译本为史源的“东北”叙事谱系。回溯和重建这一史源生成流变的过程与语境,可见借由该书的翻译、出版、发行和评论,一众左翼知识分子和爱国进步人士在抗战后方形成了一个有关“东北”的知识和思想场域。这不仅为抗战文艺提供了宝贵而鲜活的题材,更是拓展了其世界反法西斯主义的视野。作为同源“东北”叙事谱系中最具“原创性”的文本,《哈尔滨的暗影》挪用和改写万斯白著作的脉络与策略有待深入探讨。展开更多
Numerous animal experiments and clinical trialshave demonstrated that the effects of systemicantitumor immune responses are closely correlatedwith the infiltration of effector cells, e. g.macrophages, T cells and NK c...Numerous animal experiments and clinical trialshave demonstrated that the effects of systemicantitumor immune responses are closely correlatedwith the infiltration of effector cells, e. g.macrophages, T cells and NK cells, at the site oftumor. In previous studies, we have established theIL-2, IL-4, IL-6 gene-transfected B16F10展开更多
Tumor cells may escape immune surveillance mainlyby (1) down regulation of major histocompatibilitycomplex (MHC) molecules or alteration of antigen-processing pathways; (2) low-level of cytokines in thevicinity of the...Tumor cells may escape immune surveillance mainlyby (1) down regulation of major histocompatibilitycomplex (MHC) molecules or alteration of antigen-processing pathways; (2) low-level of cytokines in thevicinity of the tumor, which can’t activate immunosystemeffectively. Recent studies have shown that geneticallyengineered tumor cells expressing cytokines such as IL-2IFN-γ can induce greater CTL activity and activate NK,LAK and TIL. Besides IFN-γ can enhance the展开更多
Through a detailed text examination,this paper contends that albeit Kate Grenville'sThe Secret River is dedicated to interrogate white actions in the colonial past and expects to contribute to the process of recon...Through a detailed text examination,this paper contends that albeit Kate Grenville'sThe Secret River is dedicated to interrogate white actions in the colonial past and expects to contribute to the process of reconciliation in Australia, it engages sympathy of readers through the empathetic personification of the protagonist William Thornhill,who is subtly positioned as a victim forced into morally dubious actions by extraordinary circumstances. The wrongdoing of the white settlers is normalized in a western conception of possessive logic,the plight of the Aborigines authentically diluted and minimized. This paper thus concludes that The Secret River is another white attempt to legitimize dispossession of the Indigenous and a failure of engagement in the national reconciliation process. This paper further points out that repressing the true history will never set Australia free; acknowledging collective guilt is the only way forward.展开更多
In this paper, the authortries to make a tentative analysis on the short story “The Secret Room” by Alain Robbe Grillet, a French novelist and a contemporary world famous experimentalist of “new novel” form, throu...In this paper, the authortries to make a tentative analysis on the short story “The Secret Room” by Alain Robbe Grillet, a French novelist and a contemporary world famous experimentalist of “new novel” form, through reading in phenomenological approach so as to appreciate his novel style, realize the readers esthetic imagination, meanwhile, to deepen the understanding of the process of phenomenological reading.展开更多
文摘Aim To observe the effect of L-pantoprazole sodium on gastric acid secretion in rats. Methods The rats single injection to the drug on tail after fasting but help water 48h, then threading the pyloric ligation at the junction of the pylorus and duodenum, and the animals were fasted and ban water 5h. We remove the total gastrec- tomy, gastric juice was collected and the amount of the volume, and the determination of total acidity、total acidity secretion^pH value. Results L-pantoprazole sodium and pan pantoprazole sodium can significantly reduce the to- tal acidity secretion volume （P 〈 0.05）, increased gastric pH （P 〈 0.01 ）. D-pantoprazole sodium on gastric acid secretion of gastric juice and total PH had no significant effect （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion L-pantoprazole sodiumhas significant inhibition of gastric acid secretion, the mechanism of the treatment of peptic ulcer may be through inhibition of proton pump discharge acid effect, to play a role in the protection of gastric mucosa.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Fund
文摘We have reported that the central mechanism of acupuncture-induced PRL secretion in non-lactating rats are related to antagonizing hypothalamic dopamine activity; noradrenaline system played little significant role in the acupuncture effect; Υ-aminobutyric-acid system perhaps participated in this effect.This paper further provided evidence that central serotonin and EOP play a stimulatory role in the acupuncture induced secretion of prolactin; acupuncture may antagonize inhibitory effect of H<sub>2</sub> histamine receptor activation on prolactin secretion; the possible role of H<sub>1</sub>-receptor needs further investigation.
基金supported by Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT0555)National Natural Science Foundation (30471257) of China
文摘The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary energy levels and sources on the blood metabolites,hormone secretion and the composition of follicular fluid in gilts.Fifty-four gilts with initial body weight of(59±4.2) kg were randomly allotted to six treatments.Treatments were low, normal,and high energy feeding levels,which were 87.5%,100%and 112.5%of recommendatory energy requirements by NRC(1998),respectively,and dietary energy sources(starch or fat).Blood samples and follicular fluids were collected on D18 and D19 of the second estrous cycle.The results showed that plasma concentrations of triglycerides and total cholesterol were higher in the fat group than that in the starch group(P【0.05),but those of glucose were similar between the two energy sources(P】0.05);dietary energy level exerted no effect on blood metabolites concentration(P】0.05).Gilts fed the high energy diet had a higher area under curve of plasma insulin(Insulin AUC),insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ) and leptin than did gilts fed the lower energy diet(P【0.05),but there was no significant difference between fat versus starch(P】0.05).Luteinizing hormone(LH) pulses were higher in gilts fed high energy rather than that in low energy diets(P】0.05),plasma concentration of estradiol(E<sub>2</sub>) was higher in the fat group than that in the starch group(P【0.05).The number of large follicles(diameter≥4 mm) and concentrations of IGF-Ⅰand E<sub>2</sub> in follicular fluid were increasing significant as the level of energy increased(P【0.05),but the numbers of large follicles and follicular fluid composition were not affected by the source of dietary energy(P】0.05).The results indicate that gilts fed high energy diets had elevated plasma concentrations of metabolic hormones,IGF-Ⅰand LH secretion,and increased follicular fluid concentrations of IGF-Ⅰ,E<sub>2</sub> and numbers of large follicles;gilts fed the dietary fat had a higher plasma concentration of cholesterol and E<sub>2</sub>.
文摘尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense,Foc)依据对寄主易感性分为4个不同的生理小种,其中4号生理小种(Foc4)几乎能危害目前所有栽培品种。为研究其SIX(secreted in xylem)蛋白编码基因SIX2和SIX6在Foc4对寄主差异性选择中的作用,利用PEG介导的原生质体转化法将基于pCT74质粒框架构建的SIX2、SIX6基因敲除质粒分别转入Foc4 B2菌株,分别得到了SIX2和SIX6基因敲除突变体,然后分析敲除突变体与野生型的生物学特性差异。生物学研究结果表明:SIX2、SIX6基因的缺失突变体均呈现菌丝稀疏、生长速率减慢、产孢率降低、菌丝异核率增加,对渗透压、外源氧等外源胁迫更为敏感等特征。致病力分析实验发现ΔFoSIX2和ΔFoSIX6突变体的孢子在香蕉苗的幼嫩根部附着量减少,孢子根部定殖能力降低;ΔFoSIX2菌株基本上丧失了对巴西蕉的致病力,而对粉蕉仍有较强的致病能力;ΔFoSIX6菌株则对粉蕉苗、巴西香蕉苗盆栽致病力均呈极显著下降。依据生物学与致病力测定结果,推测Foc4中SIX6基因决定Foc4对寄主的致病力,而SIX2基因则决定Foc4对寄主的差异性选择能力。
文摘Progressive beta cell apoptosis is a major cause leading to a decline in beta cell mass in type 2 diabetes. While it has been discovered that mitochondrial protein Sirtuin 5 （ SIRT5 ） functions as the primary site of oxidative metabolism and plays crucial roles in apoptosis and intracellular signaling, the contribution of SIRT5 in beta cell re- mains to be fully defined. Given the potential benefit of SIRT5 activation in cell metabolism, this study aimed to examine whether overexpression of SIRT5 in beta cells is sufficient to prevent saturated fatty acid induced impair- ment in insulin secretion and apoptosis, thus elucidating the role of SIRT5 in beta cell protection. In line with our previous study, two kinds of pancreatic beta cell lines were selected for the detection. Mouse-derived NIT-1 cells as well as human-derived PANC-1 cells were transfected with GFP-SIRT5-Ad plasmid and cell apoptosis was induced by palmitic acid （0.5 mM） , validated with TUNEL-DAPI double staining and RTCA iCelligence cell growth moni- tor system. Compared with control group, it was shown that SIRT5 overexpression could significantly reduce the quantity of apoptotic beta cells under chronic exposure to palmitic acid, accompanied with decreased Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 activities. Accordingly, cytochrome C oxidase activity in cells was also suppressed. Meanwhile, palmitic acid suppressed glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, but SIRT5 overexpression could recover the beta cell insulin secretion capacity against glucose fluctuation. Moreover, it is discovered that novel binding relationship exists be- tween SIRT5 and Bcl-XL, providing a reliable explanation for the anti-apoptosis role of SIRT5. Together, these re- sults reveal a potential role of SIRT5 in improvement of saturated fatty acid -induced beta cell dysfunction and apop- tosis. Considering the role of beta cell apoptosis in T2DM, overexpression or activation of SIRT5 may provide an e-rumpent approach as a potential target for beta cell protection. This approach might actually reverse the disease to a degree rather than just palliate glycemia.
文摘It has been demonstrated that tbe critical role ofbone marrow stromal cells (HMSCs ) is to sustain theselfrenewal of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells andmaintain the homeostasis of bone marrow hematopoiesismicroenvironment. BMSC progenitor can differentiateinto several clements including macrophages, endothelialcells, fibroblasts and some other cells. Almost
文摘OBJECTIVE To identify the role of GSK3 isoform inhibition on inflammasome activation.METHODS The NLRP3 inflammasome was activated by typical LPS/ATP and host-derived metabolites in primary mouse macrophages.The pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 isoforms on inflammasome activation was assayed by quantifying IL-1βin the supernatant,and activated caspase-1in cell lysates using highly selective inhibitors.Further molecular mechanisms were investigated by protein pulldown assay,confocal imaging using forced gene expression system and endogenous protein tagged mouse macrophages.RESULTS Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3-β,but not GSK3-αisoform suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to ATP,urate crystal and the microbial alkaloid toxin staurosporine.GSK3-βinhibition did not inhibit melanoma 2(AIM2)inflammasome activation in response to double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)and did not affect non-canonical caspase-11 inflammasome activation.GSK3-βinhibition suppressed high glucose mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.Mechanistically,GSK3-βinhibition blocked NLRP3 inflammasome by preventing pro IL-1βtranscription,reducing caspase-1 activation and ASC speck formation.GSK3-βinhibition blocked NLRP3 inflammasome activation without affecting the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS)which is a crucial component in initialing inflammasome activation.Further studies revealed that GSK3-βdirectly binds to ASC by both co-forced expression and endogenous protein level.Interestingly,we found ASC can be glycosylated in response to inflammasome activation,and GSK3-βinhibition reduced ASC glycosylation.Consistently,the O-Glc NAc transferase(OGT)deficient mouse macrophages showed the significant reduction of mature IL-1βsecretion in response to NLRP3 inflammasome activation.CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate a critical role of metabolism-sensing GSK3-βpathway in mediating NLRP3 inflammasome activation,thus defining a new therapeutic target for sterile inflammation.
基金This project was supported by Liuhui Applied Mathematics Center of Nankai University .
文摘A concept of secret sharing scheme with the function of assignment is proposed. It provides great capabilities for many practical applications. In this scheme, the dealer can randomly assign one or more than one participant to get the secret at any time, but these participants can get nothing about the secret before that moment. At the same time, the other participants cannot get anything about the secret by stealing the secret value when it is transferred. However, if the dealer is lost, a certain number or more partidtmnts of them can reoonstruct the secret by ccoperating. In order to clear this concept, an illustrating scheme with geometry method and a practical scheme with algebra method is given.
基金This project was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60273049, 90104005).
文摘A key problem of electronic commerce （for short e-commerce） is fair exchange which guarantees that at the end of the transaction, either both parties involved in the trausaction receive each other＇s items or none do. A non-interactive optimistic fair exchange e-commerce protocol model based on the publicly verifiable secret sharing is presented. The main idea of our exchange protocol is to interchange verifiable and recoverable keys of the symmetric encryption for participants＇ items. So it is especially suitable for exchange of large-size items. Furthermore, our protocol is efficient and simple as it does not need interactive proof system which has been adopted by a large quantity of previously proposed fair exchange protocols. Based on a modified （2,2） secret sharing scheme, a concrete non-interactive fair exchange e-commerce protocol is designed.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2011CB302903)the Key Program of Natural Science for Universities of Jiangsu Province(10KJA510035)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Group Foundation of Jiangsu Province ("Qing and Lan" Project)the Postgraduate Innovation Project Foundation of Jiangsu Province(CX10B 194ZCX09B 152Z)
文摘Because the intrinsic characteristics of mobile ad hoc networks（MANETs） cause several vulnerabilities,anonymous routing protocols attract much more attention in secure mobile ad hoc networks for the purposes of security and privacy concerns.Until recently,lots of anonymous routing protocols have been proposed.However,most of them are single path or use one path at a time,and the multipath schemes can not thwart both the passive attacks and active attacks simultaneously.Thus an anonymous multipath routing protocol based on secret sharing is proposed.The protocol provides identity anonymity,location anonymity,data and traffic anonymity by employing cryptograph technology and secret sharing in MANET communication process.Meanwhile,a hash function is introduced to detect active attacks in the data transmission process.The protocol can effectively thwart various passive attacks and reduce the successful probability of active attacks（such as interception and physical destroy attacks）.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides a reasonably good level of network security and performance.
基金This project was supported by Young Teacher Foundation of North China Elec. Power Univ.(200521001)
文摘To assure the shareholders can look for their ＂legal＂ attorneys to renew the secret, once the secret sharing scheme is initialized, a secret sharing scheme with inherited characteristic is constructed. In this scheme, each shareholder can produce a new share by his algorithm, which is equivalent to the primary one. Together with other shares, the primary secret can be renewed. Since this scheme is constructed not by replacing the primary share with a new share produced by the dealer in his primitive secret sharing scheme, so no matter how much shares the shareholder produces, these shares can not be gathered together to renew the secret in this scheme. Compared with the existing secret sharing schemes, this scheme provides more agility for the shareholders by investing each of them a function but not affect its security.
文摘The visual secret sharing scheme proposed by Naor and Shamir provides a way to encrypt a secret black-white image into shares. A qualified group of participants can recover the secret message without using any cryptographic computation. But the original scheme can easily be corrupted by malicious participant. We propose an extension of VSS(visual secret sharing) to identify cheaters before the secret is recovered. Without the need for any additional information and cryptographic computation, every participant can verify the validity of shares of other participants, thus the security of VSS is enhanced.
文摘This paper theoretically analyzes a deficiency of the existing scheme, and proposes a distributed multi-hop certification authority scheme for mobile Ad Hoc networks. In our design, we distribute the certification authority functions through a threshold secret sharing mechanism, in which each node holds a secret share and multiple nodes jointly provide complete services. Certification authority is not limited in a local neighborhood but can be completed within multi-hop location. In addition, we replace broadcast by multicast to improve system performance and reduce communication overhead. This paper resolves some technical problems of ubiquitous certification authority services, and presents a wieldy multi-hop certification authority algorithm. Simulation results confirm the availability and effectiveness of our design.
文摘郑伯奇1940年问世的《哈尔滨的暗影》是一个长期没有得到学界关注的重要文本,这部取材于震惊中外的1933年哈尔滨西蒙·卡斯普绑架案的四幕话剧,与章泯的独幕剧《痛打日本鬼》、阳翰笙的电影剧本《日本间谍》、林适存的四幕话剧《日本的间谍》和顾佛影的《二十鞭杂剧》一道,构成了一个以Amleto.Vespa(万斯白)的Secret Agent of Japan(《日本密探》)中译本为史源的“东北”叙事谱系。回溯和重建这一史源生成流变的过程与语境,可见借由该书的翻译、出版、发行和评论,一众左翼知识分子和爱国进步人士在抗战后方形成了一个有关“东北”的知识和思想场域。这不仅为抗战文艺提供了宝贵而鲜活的题材,更是拓展了其世界反法西斯主义的视野。作为同源“东北”叙事谱系中最具“原创性”的文本,《哈尔滨的暗影》挪用和改写万斯白著作的脉络与策略有待深入探讨。
文摘Numerous animal experiments and clinical trialshave demonstrated that the effects of systemicantitumor immune responses are closely correlatedwith the infiltration of effector cells, e. g.macrophages, T cells and NK cells, at the site oftumor. In previous studies, we have established theIL-2, IL-4, IL-6 gene-transfected B16F10
文摘Tumor cells may escape immune surveillance mainlyby (1) down regulation of major histocompatibilitycomplex (MHC) molecules or alteration of antigen-processing pathways; (2) low-level of cytokines in thevicinity of the tumor, which can’t activate immunosystemeffectively. Recent studies have shown that geneticallyengineered tumor cells expressing cytokines such as IL-2IFN-γ can induce greater CTL activity and activate NK,LAK and TIL. Besides IFN-γ can enhance the
基金the National Social Science Fund Key Project--Oceania Literature Research in Multicultural Perspective(16ZDA200) the National Social Science Fund Project-A Critical History of Contemporary Australian Literature(12BWW037).
文摘Through a detailed text examination,this paper contends that albeit Kate Grenville'sThe Secret River is dedicated to interrogate white actions in the colonial past and expects to contribute to the process of reconciliation in Australia, it engages sympathy of readers through the empathetic personification of the protagonist William Thornhill,who is subtly positioned as a victim forced into morally dubious actions by extraordinary circumstances. The wrongdoing of the white settlers is normalized in a western conception of possessive logic,the plight of the Aborigines authentically diluted and minimized. This paper thus concludes that The Secret River is another white attempt to legitimize dispossession of the Indigenous and a failure of engagement in the national reconciliation process. This paper further points out that repressing the true history will never set Australia free; acknowledging collective guilt is the only way forward.
文摘In this paper, the authortries to make a tentative analysis on the short story “The Secret Room” by Alain Robbe Grillet, a French novelist and a contemporary world famous experimentalist of “new novel” form, through reading in phenomenological approach so as to appreciate his novel style, realize the readers esthetic imagination, meanwhile, to deepen the understanding of the process of phenomenological reading.
