Objective:There is currently no consensus on whether extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors(EGISTs)and gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the same type of tumor,and whether the diagnosis and treatment of EGISTs ...Objective:There is currently no consensus on whether extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors(EGISTs)and gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the same type of tumor,and whether the diagnosis and treatment of EGISTs can directly replicate the current diagnostic and treatment standards for GISTs.This study aims to further elucidate the clinical and pathological characteristics,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of EGISTs by analyzing the research results of domestic scholars in the field of EGISTs in the past decade.Methods:A review was conducted on original Chinese and English research articles published from 2013 to 2022 focusing on EGISTs.A descriptive approach was used to extract key information from the literature,including patient demographics,tumor location,tumor diameter,mitotic figures,risk stratification,immunohistochemical markers,cell type,and prognostic factors.The data were subjected to statistical analysis.Results:A total of 12 articles containing 780 EGIST patients were included.The male-to female incidence of EGISTs was 0.92꞉1.The most common sites of EGISTs were mesentery(30.96%),peritoneum or retroperitoneum(28.53%),omentum(20.32%),and pelvic cavity(12.52%).52.77%of EGISTs had tumor diameters greater than 10 cm,and the proportions of EGISTs with nuclear fission patterns greater than 5/50 high power field(HPF)and greater than 10/50 HPF were 51.24%and 26.11%,respectively.The proportion of high-risk EGISTs was 79.05%.The positive rates of immune markers CD117,CD34,and DOG-1 in EGISTs were 82.3%,69.0%,and 79.5%,respectively.The proportion of Ki-67>5%was 49.2%,and the proportion of Ki-67>10%was 24.8%.The proportions of EGISTs in spindle cells,epithelial cells,and mixed cells were 74.4%,14.8%,and 13.1%,respectively.The diameter of the tumor,resection method,risk level,Ki-67 index,mitotic counts,presence of rupture/bleeding/necrosis/peripheral tissue invasion/recurrence and metastasis,as well as the use of imatinib treatment after surgery were important factors affecting the prognosis of EGISTs.Conclusion:Current medical research is relatively well cognizant of GISTs with primary sites in the gastrointestinal tract.Compared with GISTs,EGISTs have large tumor diameters,high mitotic counts,a high percentage of high-risk grades,relatively unique molecular expression,and high aggressiveness.EGISTs differ from GISTs in clinicopathological characteristics.Whether EGISTs and GISTs share a common origin remains unclear.If they are distinct tumor entities,separate diagnostic and treatment guidelines for EGISTs should be established.If EGISTs are ultimately confirmed to be a special subtype of GISTs,then directly applying existing GIST-based standards to EGISTs may be inappropriate.A more scientific approach would involve subclassifying EGISTs based on anatomical location and then tailoring treatment strategies accordingly with reference to GIST guidelines.展开更多
Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)for predicting differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 86 HCC patients confirmed by postoperative pathology were retr...Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)for predicting differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 86 HCC patients confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively enrolled and divided into poorly differentiated,moderately differentiated and highly differentiated groups according to postoperative Edmondson-Steiner grading.Preoperative CEUS parameters were compared among groups,and binary logistic regression was used to analyze CEUS-related independent predictors of HCC with different differentiation.The receiver operating characteristic curves of parameters being significant different among groups were drawn,the areas under the curve(AUC)were calculated,and the efficacy for predicting HCC with different differentiation degree was evaluated.Results There were 29 cases in poorly differentiated group,37 in moderately differentiated group and 20 cases in highly differentiated group.The arrival time of contrast agent in poorly differentiated group was earlier than that in moderately and high differentiated groups(both P<0.05),while in moderately differentiated group was not significantly different with that in highly differentiated group(P>0.05).The washout grade were significantly different between each 2 groups(all P<0.05).The arrival time of contrast agent and washout grade were independent predictors of highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC,and washout grade also was independent predictor of highly or moderately differentiated HCC(all P<0.05).The AUC of the arrival time of contrast agent for predicting highly or moderately differentiated,highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC was 0.615,0.787,0.690 and 0.724,respectively,while of washout grade was 0.801,0.927,0.795 and 0.841,respectively.Conclusion CEUS could be used to effectively predict differentiation degree of HCC.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels,primarily including coronary heart disease,stroke,and other diseases.It is the world’s leading cause of death,and its incidence is incre...Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels,primarily including coronary heart disease,stroke,and other diseases.It is the world’s leading cause of death,and its incidence is increasing yearly.Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.Wnt signaling comprises a series of highly conservative cascading events controlling fundamental biological processes.Wnt signaling pathways include the canonical Wnt pathway(or Wnt/β-catenin pathway),the non canonical planar cell-polarity pathway,and the non-canonical calcium-dependent pathways.Abnormal Wnt signaling promotes cell proliferation and differentiation,cardiac malformations,various malignancies,so drugs targeting Wnt signaling play a great therapeutic potential.Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and stroke by regulating cell proliferation,migration,apoptosis,blood-brain barrier permeability,inflammation,oxidative stress,and immune response.Based on the latest research progress,this review summarizes the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cardiovascular diseases,in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
The abortive behaviour and the cytoplasm quality of cytoplasmic male-sterility(CMS)lines of homocaryon were investigated and the existence of C race of Bipolaris maydiswere discussed from the point of view of genetic ...The abortive behaviour and the cytoplasm quality of cytoplasmic male-sterility(CMS)lines of homocaryon were investigated and the existence of C race of Bipolaris maydiswere discussed from the point of view of genetic breeding,physiology and pathology in this paper.Then the countermeasures to prevent the danger from disease of B. maydis in CMS hybrid pro-duction were proposed.展开更多
A total of 40 Wistar rats, weighing 130-140 g, were allocated randomly into four groups. They were orally administrated with 0 （control group, GC）, 64.18 （low-dose group, GL）, 128.36 （middle-dose group, GM）, and...A total of 40 Wistar rats, weighing 130-140 g, were allocated randomly into four groups. They were orally administrated with 0 （control group, GC）, 64.18 （low-dose group, GL）, 128.36 （middle-dose group, GM）, and 256.72 （high-dose group, GH） mg aluminum chloride （AlCl3） per kilogram body weight in drinking water for 120 days. Kidney coefficient and aluminum （Al） concentrations in blood and kidney were determined, and renal autopsy and histological changes were observed. The results showed that kidney coefficient in all Al-treated groups were obviously lower than that in GC （P〈0.01） and there was a dose-effect relationship. The kidneys were solid, lusterless and pale brown with white necrosis point on surface. Under electron microscope, renal cortex became thin, the renal tubule was narrowed and the epithelium dissolved; the renal glomerulus became atrophied and the glomerular became vasodilator. The Al concentrations in blood and kidney were higher in all Al-treated rats than those in GC （P〈0.01）, and there was a dose-effect relationship. The results indicated that sub-chronic Al exposure could lead to Al accumulation in kidney, restrain the development of kidney and cause the pathologic damage in rats.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Transgenic mouse model has been widely used in pathogenesis study and preclinical drug evaluation in Alzheimer disease(AD).However,key differences are found between current animal models and clinical AD pati...OBJECTIVE Transgenic mouse model has been widely used in pathogenesis study and preclinical drug evaluation in Alzheimer disease(AD).However,key differences are found between current animal models and clinical AD patients regarding phenotypes.Lack of complete models that recapitulate broad spectrum of human AD neuropathology restricts efficacy of research projects and leads to frequent failure in AD drug development at clinical trial stages.This study aims to develop better mouse models of AD through modifying key phenotype insufficiency.METHODS By crossing different single and double transgenic mice with different mutations of APP/PS1 or tau and under prion,Thy1 or PDGF-β promoter,as well as selected knockout mice,I produced a dozen of bigenic models for neuropathology screening.Further neurochemical,behavioral and pharmacological validations were conducted in the optimized mouse model.RESULTS Neuropathology phenotyping found remarkable differences in tau pathology and neurodegeneration among individual APP/PS1/tau transgenic models.I had identified a triple mouse model named FADT that showed(1) huge mature tau pathology in hippocampus and cortex;(2) abundant tau truncation,as seen in human AD brain;(3)progressive neurodegeneration;(4)selective brain atrophy in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex;(5) reproducible and late onset spatial memory defects,etc.Importantly,remarkable tau pathology in this FADT model is mainly driven by beta-amyloid pathology,which differs from high expression of tau in rTg4510 model.CONCLUSION I had developed a new triple transgenic mouse model that recapitulates broad spectrum of human AD neuropathology features.This study will not only establish a solid model basis for AD pathophysiology investigation and drug development,but also reveal important clues on the interaction of beta-amyloid and tau pathologies in the brain.展开更多
Acute compartment syndrome （ACS） usually occurs after an injury to a limb or other adjacent organ, when there is insufficient blood supply to muscles and nerves due to swelling and increased pressure within a body c...Acute compartment syndrome （ACS） usually occurs after an injury to a limb or other adjacent organ, when there is insufficient blood supply to muscles and nerves due to swelling and increased pressure within a body compartment. Classically, there are six symptoms and signs associated with ACS, all of which have an initial letter ＇P＇： pain, paresthesia, pallor, paralysis, pulselessness and poik- ilothermia The complexities of the clinical diag- nosis and management of ACS remain a challeng- ing oroblem for orthooedic surgeons.展开更多
Patients developing hemoptysis or pulmonary infiltrates together with glomerulonephritis, particu- larly the rapidly progressive cases, are considered to be pulmonary renal syndrome （PRS）. The occur- rence of PRS, a...Patients developing hemoptysis or pulmonary infiltrates together with glomerulonephritis, particu- larly the rapidly progressive cases, are considered to be pulmonary renal syndrome （PRS）. The occur- rence of PRS, an etiologically rare heterogeneous group of diseases, constitutes a medical emergency associated with a high risk of fatal outcome.展开更多
1.Cotton Sciencepublishes original papers,brief notes and review articles in all areas of cotton research,including bio-technology ,classic and molecular genetics ,growth and development ,pathology and physiology ,etc .
Objective:To investigate the effect of combination therapy of chloroquine and stigmasterol on Plasmodium berghei(thereafter referred to as P.berghei)malaria-induced organ pathologies.Methods:Thirty five mice weighing ...Objective:To investigate the effect of combination therapy of chloroquine and stigmasterol on Plasmodium berghei(thereafter referred to as P.berghei)malaria-induced organ pathologies.Methods:Thirty five mice weighing 20-30 g were placed into seven groups of five mice each and distributed as uninfected administered 100 mg/kg BW stigmasterol,uninfected administered only feed and water ad libitum,infected with P.berghei and-administered 50 mg/kg BW stigmasterol,100 mg/kg BW stigmasterol,100 mg/kg BW stigmasterol plus 5 mg/kg BW chloroquine,and 5 mg/kg BW chloroquine.The last group of mice served as P.berghei infected and not treated control.The levels of parasitemia,packed cell volume,and other biochemical parameters were measured.Results:Combination therapy of P.berghei infection with stigmasterol and chloroquine did not significantly(P>0.05)reduce parasitemia level while stigmasterol treatment alone significantly(P<0.05)reduced the parasitemia level.However,the P.berghei induced anemia was decreased significantly(P<0.05)upon treatment with a combination of chloroquine and stigmasterol as well as with stigmasterol alone.Furthermore,the combination of chloroquine and stigmasterol significantly(P<0.05)decreased the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,urea and spleen total proteins levels in P.berghei mice in comparison with the untreated group.Treatment of P.berghei infected mice with stigmasterol alone and in combination with chloroquine significantly(P<0.05)increased the level of serum creatinine while serum and spleen malondialdehyde levels were significantly(P<0.05)decreased.Levels of glutathione in spleen and kidney were insignificantly(P>0.05)altered upon treatment with both doses of stigmasterol as well as the combination therapy.Conclusions:This study concluded that the combination of stigmasterol and chloroquine could combat anemia and some organ pathologies associated with P.berghei infection.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(81960508)。
文摘Objective:There is currently no consensus on whether extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors(EGISTs)and gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the same type of tumor,and whether the diagnosis and treatment of EGISTs can directly replicate the current diagnostic and treatment standards for GISTs.This study aims to further elucidate the clinical and pathological characteristics,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of EGISTs by analyzing the research results of domestic scholars in the field of EGISTs in the past decade.Methods:A review was conducted on original Chinese and English research articles published from 2013 to 2022 focusing on EGISTs.A descriptive approach was used to extract key information from the literature,including patient demographics,tumor location,tumor diameter,mitotic figures,risk stratification,immunohistochemical markers,cell type,and prognostic factors.The data were subjected to statistical analysis.Results:A total of 12 articles containing 780 EGIST patients were included.The male-to female incidence of EGISTs was 0.92꞉1.The most common sites of EGISTs were mesentery(30.96%),peritoneum or retroperitoneum(28.53%),omentum(20.32%),and pelvic cavity(12.52%).52.77%of EGISTs had tumor diameters greater than 10 cm,and the proportions of EGISTs with nuclear fission patterns greater than 5/50 high power field(HPF)and greater than 10/50 HPF were 51.24%and 26.11%,respectively.The proportion of high-risk EGISTs was 79.05%.The positive rates of immune markers CD117,CD34,and DOG-1 in EGISTs were 82.3%,69.0%,and 79.5%,respectively.The proportion of Ki-67>5%was 49.2%,and the proportion of Ki-67>10%was 24.8%.The proportions of EGISTs in spindle cells,epithelial cells,and mixed cells were 74.4%,14.8%,and 13.1%,respectively.The diameter of the tumor,resection method,risk level,Ki-67 index,mitotic counts,presence of rupture/bleeding/necrosis/peripheral tissue invasion/recurrence and metastasis,as well as the use of imatinib treatment after surgery were important factors affecting the prognosis of EGISTs.Conclusion:Current medical research is relatively well cognizant of GISTs with primary sites in the gastrointestinal tract.Compared with GISTs,EGISTs have large tumor diameters,high mitotic counts,a high percentage of high-risk grades,relatively unique molecular expression,and high aggressiveness.EGISTs differ from GISTs in clinicopathological characteristics.Whether EGISTs and GISTs share a common origin remains unclear.If they are distinct tumor entities,separate diagnostic and treatment guidelines for EGISTs should be established.If EGISTs are ultimately confirmed to be a special subtype of GISTs,then directly applying existing GIST-based standards to EGISTs may be inappropriate.A more scientific approach would involve subclassifying EGISTs based on anatomical location and then tailoring treatment strategies accordingly with reference to GIST guidelines.
文摘Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)for predicting differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Totally 86 HCC patients confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively enrolled and divided into poorly differentiated,moderately differentiated and highly differentiated groups according to postoperative Edmondson-Steiner grading.Preoperative CEUS parameters were compared among groups,and binary logistic regression was used to analyze CEUS-related independent predictors of HCC with different differentiation.The receiver operating characteristic curves of parameters being significant different among groups were drawn,the areas under the curve(AUC)were calculated,and the efficacy for predicting HCC with different differentiation degree was evaluated.Results There were 29 cases in poorly differentiated group,37 in moderately differentiated group and 20 cases in highly differentiated group.The arrival time of contrast agent in poorly differentiated group was earlier than that in moderately and high differentiated groups(both P<0.05),while in moderately differentiated group was not significantly different with that in highly differentiated group(P>0.05).The washout grade were significantly different between each 2 groups(all P<0.05).The arrival time of contrast agent and washout grade were independent predictors of highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC,and washout grade also was independent predictor of highly or moderately differentiated HCC(all P<0.05).The AUC of the arrival time of contrast agent for predicting highly or moderately differentiated,highly or poorly differentiated,moderately or poorly differentiated,moderate-highly or poorly differentiated HCC was 0.615,0.787,0.690 and 0.724,respectively,while of washout grade was 0.801,0.927,0.795 and 0.841,respectively.Conclusion CEUS could be used to effectively predict differentiation degree of HCC.
文摘Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels,primarily including coronary heart disease,stroke,and other diseases.It is the world’s leading cause of death,and its incidence is increasing yearly.Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.Wnt signaling comprises a series of highly conservative cascading events controlling fundamental biological processes.Wnt signaling pathways include the canonical Wnt pathway(or Wnt/β-catenin pathway),the non canonical planar cell-polarity pathway,and the non-canonical calcium-dependent pathways.Abnormal Wnt signaling promotes cell proliferation and differentiation,cardiac malformations,various malignancies,so drugs targeting Wnt signaling play a great therapeutic potential.Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and stroke by regulating cell proliferation,migration,apoptosis,blood-brain barrier permeability,inflammation,oxidative stress,and immune response.Based on the latest research progress,this review summarizes the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cardiovascular diseases,in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
文摘The abortive behaviour and the cytoplasm quality of cytoplasmic male-sterility(CMS)lines of homocaryon were investigated and the existence of C race of Bipolaris maydiswere discussed from the point of view of genetic breeding,physiology and pathology in this paper.Then the countermeasures to prevent the danger from disease of B. maydis in CMS hybrid pro-duction were proposed.
基金Supported by the Postgraduate Innovative Scientific Research Foundation Program of Helongjiang Province (YJSCX2012-026HLJ)
文摘A total of 40 Wistar rats, weighing 130-140 g, were allocated randomly into four groups. They were orally administrated with 0 （control group, GC）, 64.18 （low-dose group, GL）, 128.36 （middle-dose group, GM）, and 256.72 （high-dose group, GH） mg aluminum chloride （AlCl3） per kilogram body weight in drinking water for 120 days. Kidney coefficient and aluminum （Al） concentrations in blood and kidney were determined, and renal autopsy and histological changes were observed. The results showed that kidney coefficient in all Al-treated groups were obviously lower than that in GC （P〈0.01） and there was a dose-effect relationship. The kidneys were solid, lusterless and pale brown with white necrosis point on surface. Under electron microscope, renal cortex became thin, the renal tubule was narrowed and the epithelium dissolved; the renal glomerulus became atrophied and the glomerular became vasodilator. The Al concentrations in blood and kidney were higher in all Al-treated rats than those in GC （P〈0.01）, and there was a dose-effect relationship. The results indicated that sub-chronic Al exposure could lead to Al accumulation in kidney, restrain the development of kidney and cause the pathologic damage in rats.
基金Science and Technology Development Fund of Shanghai Pudong New District (PKJ2017-Y37)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(18ZR1417900).
文摘OBJECTIVE Transgenic mouse model has been widely used in pathogenesis study and preclinical drug evaluation in Alzheimer disease(AD).However,key differences are found between current animal models and clinical AD patients regarding phenotypes.Lack of complete models that recapitulate broad spectrum of human AD neuropathology restricts efficacy of research projects and leads to frequent failure in AD drug development at clinical trial stages.This study aims to develop better mouse models of AD through modifying key phenotype insufficiency.METHODS By crossing different single and double transgenic mice with different mutations of APP/PS1 or tau and under prion,Thy1 or PDGF-β promoter,as well as selected knockout mice,I produced a dozen of bigenic models for neuropathology screening.Further neurochemical,behavioral and pharmacological validations were conducted in the optimized mouse model.RESULTS Neuropathology phenotyping found remarkable differences in tau pathology and neurodegeneration among individual APP/PS1/tau transgenic models.I had identified a triple mouse model named FADT that showed(1) huge mature tau pathology in hippocampus and cortex;(2) abundant tau truncation,as seen in human AD brain;(3)progressive neurodegeneration;(4)selective brain atrophy in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex;(5) reproducible and late onset spatial memory defects,etc.Importantly,remarkable tau pathology in this FADT model is mainly driven by beta-amyloid pathology,which differs from high expression of tau in rTg4510 model.CONCLUSION I had developed a new triple transgenic mouse model that recapitulates broad spectrum of human AD neuropathology features.This study will not only establish a solid model basis for AD pathophysiology investigation and drug development,but also reveal important clues on the interaction of beta-amyloid and tau pathologies in the brain.
文摘Acute compartment syndrome （ACS） usually occurs after an injury to a limb or other adjacent organ, when there is insufficient blood supply to muscles and nerves due to swelling and increased pressure within a body compartment. Classically, there are six symptoms and signs associated with ACS, all of which have an initial letter ＇P＇： pain, paresthesia, pallor, paralysis, pulselessness and poik- ilothermia The complexities of the clinical diag- nosis and management of ACS remain a challeng- ing oroblem for orthooedic surgeons.
文摘Patients developing hemoptysis or pulmonary infiltrates together with glomerulonephritis, particu- larly the rapidly progressive cases, are considered to be pulmonary renal syndrome （PRS）. The occur- rence of PRS, an etiologically rare heterogeneous group of diseases, constitutes a medical emergency associated with a high risk of fatal outcome.
文摘1.Cotton Sciencepublishes original papers,brief notes and review articles in all areas of cotton research,including bio-technology ,classic and molecular genetics ,growth and development ,pathology and physiology ,etc .
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of combination therapy of chloroquine and stigmasterol on Plasmodium berghei(thereafter referred to as P.berghei)malaria-induced organ pathologies.Methods:Thirty five mice weighing 20-30 g were placed into seven groups of five mice each and distributed as uninfected administered 100 mg/kg BW stigmasterol,uninfected administered only feed and water ad libitum,infected with P.berghei and-administered 50 mg/kg BW stigmasterol,100 mg/kg BW stigmasterol,100 mg/kg BW stigmasterol plus 5 mg/kg BW chloroquine,and 5 mg/kg BW chloroquine.The last group of mice served as P.berghei infected and not treated control.The levels of parasitemia,packed cell volume,and other biochemical parameters were measured.Results:Combination therapy of P.berghei infection with stigmasterol and chloroquine did not significantly(P>0.05)reduce parasitemia level while stigmasterol treatment alone significantly(P<0.05)reduced the parasitemia level.However,the P.berghei induced anemia was decreased significantly(P<0.05)upon treatment with a combination of chloroquine and stigmasterol as well as with stigmasterol alone.Furthermore,the combination of chloroquine and stigmasterol significantly(P<0.05)decreased the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,urea and spleen total proteins levels in P.berghei mice in comparison with the untreated group.Treatment of P.berghei infected mice with stigmasterol alone and in combination with chloroquine significantly(P<0.05)increased the level of serum creatinine while serum and spleen malondialdehyde levels were significantly(P<0.05)decreased.Levels of glutathione in spleen and kidney were insignificantly(P>0.05)altered upon treatment with both doses of stigmasterol as well as the combination therapy.Conclusions:This study concluded that the combination of stigmasterol and chloroquine could combat anemia and some organ pathologies associated with P.berghei infection.
