To relieve the increasing traffic load, many early built highways need to be widened or reconstructed. The rapid performance detection to existing subgrades is important to their reasonable evaluation and maximized ut...To relieve the increasing traffic load, many early built highways need to be widened or reconstructed. The rapid performance detection to existing subgrades is important to their reasonable evaluation and maximized utilization. Based on five kinds of soils taken from an existing highway in southern China, three commonly detecting methods were used to determine their moisture contents, compaction degrees and resilient moduli. The results showed that the measured moisture contents were greater than the design value, and the compaction degrees decreased sharply compared to the original ones. The moisture and heat exchange produced a decrease in the resilient modulus of plate loading test(PLT) from the standard 60 MPa down to 40 MPa. Afterwards, the portable falling weight deflectometer(PFWD) and dynamic cone penetrometer(DCP) were used to evaluate the subgrade performances. The measured PFWD moduli and the DCP penetration rates were correlated with the resilient moduli of PLT, deflections of the Beckman beam test, compaction degrees and moisture contents. The correlation analysis indicates that both of two methods are suitable in rapid detecting subgrade performances, but PFWD method is more recommended for it has higher accuracy and efficiency.展开更多
Somatic cell count detection is the daily work of dairy farms to monitor the health of cows.The feasibility of applying near-infrared spectroscopy to somatic cell count detection was researched in this paper.Milk samp...Somatic cell count detection is the daily work of dairy farms to monitor the health of cows.The feasibility of applying near-infrared spectroscopy to somatic cell count detection was researched in this paper.Milk samples with different somatic cell counts were collected and preprocessing methods were studied.Variable selection algorithm based on hybrid strategy and modelling method based on ensemble learning were explored for somatic cell count detection.Detection model was used to diagnose subclinical mastitis and the results showed that near-infrared spectroscopy could be a tool to realize rapid detection of somatic cell count in milk.展开更多
基于近红外光谱技术,结合不同预处理和特征波长筛选方法,构建小麦专用粉的破损淀粉含量、降落数值、吸水率、稳定时间、拉伸面积、延伸度和最大拉伸阻力的偏最小二乘(Partial Least Squares,PLS)预测模型和总体预测模型,并对模型的预测...基于近红外光谱技术,结合不同预处理和特征波长筛选方法,构建小麦专用粉的破损淀粉含量、降落数值、吸水率、稳定时间、拉伸面积、延伸度和最大拉伸阻力的偏最小二乘(Partial Least Squares,PLS)预测模型和总体预测模型,并对模型的预测能力进行评估。结果表明:去线性趋势(Detrend,DT)是破损淀粉含量和吸水率预测模型的最佳预处理方法,Savitzky-Gloay(SG)卷积平滑是降落数值和拉伸面积预测模型的最佳预处理方法,标准正态变量变换(Standard Normal Variable Transformation,SNV)是延伸度和最大拉伸阻力预测模型的最佳预处理方法。竞争性自适应重加权法(Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling,CARS)可有效提高破损淀粉含量、降落数值、吸水率、拉伸面积和最大拉伸阻力预测模型的预测精度,预测决定系数分别为0.9641、0.7140、0.9755、0.9434和0.8283;连续投影算法(Successive Projections Algorithm,SPA)可有效提高稳定时间和延伸度预测模型的效果,预测决定系数分别为0.7135和0.9530。总体预测模型对稳定时间、拉伸面积和最大拉伸阻力的预测效果均有所提升,剩余预测偏差(Residual Predictive Deviation,RPD)分别从1.86、4.27和2.51提升到2.43、5.26和3.11。综上可知,近红外光谱技术对小麦专用粉品质特性的无损快速检测是有效的、可行的。展开更多
针对现有污水样本快速检测技术存在的不足,以及传统实验室质谱技术无法应用于现场快速检测、检测耗时较长等问题,本文提出了一种基于脉冲直流电喷雾电离质谱(pulsed-DC-ESI-MS)测定生活污水中11种常见毒品(吗啡、甲基苯丙胺、去甲氯胺...针对现有污水样本快速检测技术存在的不足,以及传统实验室质谱技术无法应用于现场快速检测、检测耗时较长等问题,本文提出了一种基于脉冲直流电喷雾电离质谱(pulsed-DC-ESI-MS)测定生活污水中11种常见毒品(吗啡、甲基苯丙胺、去甲氯胺酮、苯丙胺、3,4-亚甲基双氧甲基苯丙胺、可卡因、6-单乙酰吗啡、3,4-亚甲基双氧苯丙胺、苯甲酰爱康宁、氯胺酮、可待因)的快速检测方法。污水样品经浓盐酸调节pH至2,用Oasis PRiME MCX固相萃取柱进行萃取,萃取液经氮吹至近干后用200μL甲醇复溶,涡旋0.5 min;复溶后的样品溶液经0.22μm有机相滤膜过滤后采用pulsed-DC-ESI-MS进行分析。方法学验证结果表明,11种毒品在各自的线性范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均≥0.9986,检出限(LOD)为0.01~0.5μg/L,定量限(LOQ)为0.05~5μg/L。在低、中、高3个加标水平下,11种毒品的回收率为88.0%~107.6%,日内和日间精密度均≤8.5%。该方法检测速度快,大大提高了检测效率,适用于生活污水中常见毒品的快速检测分析。展开更多
基金Project(2017YFC0805307) supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProjects(51878078, 51927814, 51911530215) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+4 种基金Project(2018-025) supported by the Training Program for High-level Technical Personnel in Transportation Industry, ChinaProject (2018JJ1026) supported by the Excellent Youth Foundation of Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, ChinaProject(17A008) supported by the Key Project of Education Department of Hunan Province, ChinaProjects(kfj150103, kfj170104) supported by the Open Research Fund of State Engineering Laboratory of Highway Maintenance Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, ChinaProject(CX20190644) supported by the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province, China。
文摘To relieve the increasing traffic load, many early built highways need to be widened or reconstructed. The rapid performance detection to existing subgrades is important to their reasonable evaluation and maximized utilization. Based on five kinds of soils taken from an existing highway in southern China, three commonly detecting methods were used to determine their moisture contents, compaction degrees and resilient moduli. The results showed that the measured moisture contents were greater than the design value, and the compaction degrees decreased sharply compared to the original ones. The moisture and heat exchange produced a decrease in the resilient modulus of plate loading test(PLT) from the standard 60 MPa down to 40 MPa. Afterwards, the portable falling weight deflectometer(PFWD) and dynamic cone penetrometer(DCP) were used to evaluate the subgrade performances. The measured PFWD moduli and the DCP penetration rates were correlated with the resilient moduli of PLT, deflections of the Beckman beam test, compaction degrees and moisture contents. The correlation analysis indicates that both of two methods are suitable in rapid detecting subgrade performances, but PFWD method is more recommended for it has higher accuracy and efficiency.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(LH2023C016)the Key Research and Development Program of Heilongjiang Province of China(2022ZX01A24)the National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(CARS36)。
文摘Somatic cell count detection is the daily work of dairy farms to monitor the health of cows.The feasibility of applying near-infrared spectroscopy to somatic cell count detection was researched in this paper.Milk samples with different somatic cell counts were collected and preprocessing methods were studied.Variable selection algorithm based on hybrid strategy and modelling method based on ensemble learning were explored for somatic cell count detection.Detection model was used to diagnose subclinical mastitis and the results showed that near-infrared spectroscopy could be a tool to realize rapid detection of somatic cell count in milk.
文摘针对现有污水样本快速检测技术存在的不足,以及传统实验室质谱技术无法应用于现场快速检测、检测耗时较长等问题,本文提出了一种基于脉冲直流电喷雾电离质谱(pulsed-DC-ESI-MS)测定生活污水中11种常见毒品(吗啡、甲基苯丙胺、去甲氯胺酮、苯丙胺、3,4-亚甲基双氧甲基苯丙胺、可卡因、6-单乙酰吗啡、3,4-亚甲基双氧苯丙胺、苯甲酰爱康宁、氯胺酮、可待因)的快速检测方法。污水样品经浓盐酸调节pH至2,用Oasis PRiME MCX固相萃取柱进行萃取,萃取液经氮吹至近干后用200μL甲醇复溶,涡旋0.5 min;复溶后的样品溶液经0.22μm有机相滤膜过滤后采用pulsed-DC-ESI-MS进行分析。方法学验证结果表明,11种毒品在各自的线性范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均≥0.9986,检出限(LOD)为0.01~0.5μg/L,定量限(LOQ)为0.05~5μg/L。在低、中、高3个加标水平下,11种毒品的回收率为88.0%~107.6%,日内和日间精密度均≤8.5%。该方法检测速度快,大大提高了检测效率,适用于生活污水中常见毒品的快速检测分析。
