A decomposition model was applied to study the resource-saving and environment-friendly effects of air pollutant emissions(taking industrial SO2 emission as an example) in China.From the results,it is found that 38.93...A decomposition model was applied to study the resource-saving and environment-friendly effects of air pollutant emissions(taking industrial SO2 emission as an example) in China.From the results,it is found that 38.93% and 61.07% are contributed to environment-friendly and resource-saving effects,respectively,by the dramatic decrease in industrial SO2 emission density(nearly 70% from 2001 to 2010).This indicates that China has achieved important progress during the 11th FYP(five-year plan) compared with the 10th FYP.A simultaneous equations model was also employed to analyze the influencing factors by using data from 30 provinces in China.The results imply that the influence of environmental regulation on environment-friendly effect is not obvious during the 10th FYP but obvious during the 11th FYP.Thus,the government should continue promoting the environment-friendly effect by further enhancing environmental regulation and strengthening the role of environmental management.展开更多
随着大规模新能源接入电网,新型电力系统“低惯量、弱支撑”特征凸显,电网频率调节资源日益稀缺,系统频率稳定问题愈发严峻。先进绝热压缩空气储能(advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage,AA-CAES)具有容量大、寿命长等优...随着大规模新能源接入电网,新型电力系统“低惯量、弱支撑”特征凸显,电网频率调节资源日益稀缺,系统频率稳定问题愈发严峻。先进绝热压缩空气储能(advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage,AA-CAES)具有容量大、寿命长等优势而受到广泛关注,但由于其储能和释能过程涉及气-热动态耦合过程,调频特性较为复杂,调频潜力还有待挖掘。因此,首先建立AA-CAES系统全工况动态仿真模型,进而基于期望频率动态曲线设计AA-CAES系统调频传递函数,优化目标传递函数关键参数,实现AA-CAES最小动态功率补偿下满足系统频率调节需求。最后通过仿真实验,验证了所提控制策略可优化AA-CAES调频容量的同时减小系统的稳态频率偏差与频率超调量,显著改善频率响应特性,为建设电网友好型AA-CAES电站提供技术支撑。展开更多
压缩空气储能(Compressed air energy storage,CAES)因其寿命长、经济性好等优点在微电网中前景广泛。直驱型压缩空气储能(Direct-drive compressed air energy storage,DD-CAES)因其灵活性高、转速可变、效率较高等优势广泛应用于分布...压缩空气储能(Compressed air energy storage,CAES)因其寿命长、经济性好等优点在微电网中前景广泛。直驱型压缩空气储能(Direct-drive compressed air energy storage,DD-CAES)因其灵活性高、转速可变、效率较高等优势广泛应用于分布式压缩空气储能系统,但DD-CAES透平发电系统是具有非线性、强耦合的复杂系统,采用传统比例积分(Proportional-integral,PI)控制在功率跟踪和频率调节时易出现功率波动,进而导致频率扰动。因此,建立直驱型压缩空气储能透平发电系统的动态仿真模型,提出一种基于改进线性自抗扰控制(Linear active disturbance rejection control,LADRC)的DD-CAES调频控制策略,其控制系统主要包含用于预留容量的变工况功率跟踪模块和用于频率调节的变流器控制模块,对系统动态响应特性与调频特性分析可知,该控制系统可实现部分负载下的稳定频率支撑,且改进自抗扰控制可有效减小系统功率波动。最后通过仿真试验,验证不同工况场景下所提控制策略可在响应速度不变的前提下,同时减少系统最大频率偏差量(6.43%)和频率变化率最大值(11.65%),为建立电网友好型直驱型压缩空气储能电站提供了理论参考。展开更多
基金Project(201009066)supported by the R&D Special Fund for Public Welfare of the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Science and Technology of China
文摘A decomposition model was applied to study the resource-saving and environment-friendly effects of air pollutant emissions(taking industrial SO2 emission as an example) in China.From the results,it is found that 38.93% and 61.07% are contributed to environment-friendly and resource-saving effects,respectively,by the dramatic decrease in industrial SO2 emission density(nearly 70% from 2001 to 2010).This indicates that China has achieved important progress during the 11th FYP(five-year plan) compared with the 10th FYP.A simultaneous equations model was also employed to analyze the influencing factors by using data from 30 provinces in China.The results imply that the influence of environmental regulation on environment-friendly effect is not obvious during the 10th FYP but obvious during the 11th FYP.Thus,the government should continue promoting the environment-friendly effect by further enhancing environmental regulation and strengthening the role of environmental management.
文摘随着大规模新能源接入电网,新型电力系统“低惯量、弱支撑”特征凸显,电网频率调节资源日益稀缺,系统频率稳定问题愈发严峻。先进绝热压缩空气储能(advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage,AA-CAES)具有容量大、寿命长等优势而受到广泛关注,但由于其储能和释能过程涉及气-热动态耦合过程,调频特性较为复杂,调频潜力还有待挖掘。因此,首先建立AA-CAES系统全工况动态仿真模型,进而基于期望频率动态曲线设计AA-CAES系统调频传递函数,优化目标传递函数关键参数,实现AA-CAES最小动态功率补偿下满足系统频率调节需求。最后通过仿真实验,验证了所提控制策略可优化AA-CAES调频容量的同时减小系统的稳态频率偏差与频率超调量,显著改善频率响应特性,为建设电网友好型AA-CAES电站提供技术支撑。
文摘压缩空气储能(Compressed air energy storage,CAES)因其寿命长、经济性好等优点在微电网中前景广泛。直驱型压缩空气储能(Direct-drive compressed air energy storage,DD-CAES)因其灵活性高、转速可变、效率较高等优势广泛应用于分布式压缩空气储能系统,但DD-CAES透平发电系统是具有非线性、强耦合的复杂系统,采用传统比例积分(Proportional-integral,PI)控制在功率跟踪和频率调节时易出现功率波动,进而导致频率扰动。因此,建立直驱型压缩空气储能透平发电系统的动态仿真模型,提出一种基于改进线性自抗扰控制(Linear active disturbance rejection control,LADRC)的DD-CAES调频控制策略,其控制系统主要包含用于预留容量的变工况功率跟踪模块和用于频率调节的变流器控制模块,对系统动态响应特性与调频特性分析可知,该控制系统可实现部分负载下的稳定频率支撑,且改进自抗扰控制可有效减小系统功率波动。最后通过仿真试验,验证不同工况场景下所提控制策略可在响应速度不变的前提下,同时减少系统最大频率偏差量(6.43%)和频率变化率最大值(11.65%),为建立电网友好型直驱型压缩空气储能电站提供了理论参考。
