Micro-and nano-to millimeter-scale magnetic matrix materials have gained widespread application due to their exceptional magnetic properties and favorable cost-effectiveness.With the rapid progress in condensed matter...Micro-and nano-to millimeter-scale magnetic matrix materials have gained widespread application due to their exceptional magnetic properties and favorable cost-effectiveness.With the rapid progress in condensed matter physics,materials science,and mineral separation technologies,these materials are now poised for new opportunities in theoretical research and development.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of these matrices,encompassing their structure,size,shape,composition,properties,and multifaceted applications.These materials,primarily composed of alloys of transition state metasl such as iron(Fe),cobalt(Co),titanium(Ti),and nickel(Ni),exhibit unique attributes like high magnetization rates,low eleastic modulus,and high saturation magnetic field strengths.Furthermore,the studies also delve into the complex mechanical interactions involved in the separation of magnetic particles using magnetic separator matrices,including magnetic,gravitational,centrifugal,and van der Waals forces.The review outlines how size and shape effects influence the magnetic behavior of matrices,offering new perspectives for innovative applications of magnetic matrices in various domains of materials science and magnetic separation.展开更多
The so-called nanoplastic is a new simple name for the polymer/layered silicate nanocomposite,which possesses excellent properties.The asymptotic homogenization method(AHM) was applied to determine numerically the eff...The so-called nanoplastic is a new simple name for the polymer/layered silicate nanocomposite,which possesses excellent properties.The asymptotic homogenization method(AHM) was applied to determine numerically the effective elastic modulus of a two-phase nanoplastic with different particle aspect ratios,different ratios of elastic modulus of the effective particle to that of the matrix and different volume fractions.A simple representative volume element was proposed,which is assumed that the effective particles are uniform well-aligned and perfectly bonded in an isotropic matrix and have periodic structure.Some different theoretical models and the experimental results were compared.The numerical results are good in agreement with the experimental results.展开更多
近年来,随着塑料制品的大规模使用,塑料污染程度加剧,逐渐成为一个日益严重的全球性问题。塑料制品释放的微纳米塑料(microplastics and nanoplastics,MNPs)作为新兴的环境污染物广泛存在于生物体和环境中,这些塑料颗粒通过3种暴露途径...近年来,随着塑料制品的大规模使用,塑料污染程度加剧,逐渐成为一个日益严重的全球性问题。塑料制品释放的微纳米塑料(microplastics and nanoplastics,MNPs)作为新兴的环境污染物广泛存在于生物体和环境中,这些塑料颗粒通过3种暴露途径进入人体:呼吸摄入、食物链的生物积累和转移以及皮肤接触,继而产生毒性效应。MNPs的物理特性(形状、大小、表面特性)会随环境变化而动态转化;MNPs充当化学物质载体可分为两种机制:一是从外界吸附而来的污染物,二是在商业生产过程中人工添加的化学剂(阻燃剂、色素等)。研究表明,MNPs对人体健康产生不利影响,现在已经在脑、肠道、肝脏、血液等组织器官中发现了MNPs。最新临床研究表明,MNPs是引发心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases,CVDs)的一个新风险,其参与心肌纤维化等发生发展。CVDs是心脏、动脉、静脉、毛细血管疾病的统称,是导致人类致残和死亡的主要疾病之一。CVDs发病率和复发率较高,并发症较多,降低了患者生活品质和幸福指数,并且呈现年轻化趋势,因此,早期预防极为重要。本文综述了MNPs的性质及其对心血管系统的潜在威胁,旨在探讨MNPs通过何种生理效应、毒性机制及相关通路引发CVDs,重点讨论了其增强氧化应激,促进促炎症因子表达,形成慢性炎症微环境,吸附毒金属和有机物等有毒物质联合相互作用的毒性过程。其中,污水灌溉、大气沉降等过程是重金属与MNPs共污染农业土壤的主要因素,重金属与MNPs相互作用会抑制农作物生长,并促进重金属在植物中的吸收,再通过食物链进入人体,甚至诱发急性冠脉综合征等CVDs。此外,本文例举了MNPs对心血管功能的长期影响,探讨了当前MNPs影响心血管系统方面研究的局限性以及未来的研究方向。展开更多
基金Project(52174245)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2021J01640)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,ChinaProject(BGRIMM-KJSKL2022-03)supported by Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing,China。
文摘Micro-and nano-to millimeter-scale magnetic matrix materials have gained widespread application due to their exceptional magnetic properties and favorable cost-effectiveness.With the rapid progress in condensed matter physics,materials science,and mineral separation technologies,these materials are now poised for new opportunities in theoretical research and development.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of these matrices,encompassing their structure,size,shape,composition,properties,and multifaceted applications.These materials,primarily composed of alloys of transition state metasl such as iron(Fe),cobalt(Co),titanium(Ti),and nickel(Ni),exhibit unique attributes like high magnetization rates,low eleastic modulus,and high saturation magnetic field strengths.Furthermore,the studies also delve into the complex mechanical interactions involved in the separation of magnetic particles using magnetic separator matrices,including magnetic,gravitational,centrifugal,and van der Waals forces.The review outlines how size and shape effects influence the magnetic behavior of matrices,offering new perspectives for innovative applications of magnetic matrices in various domains of materials science and magnetic separation.
基金Project(10672138,10372087) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(07QDZ19) supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Xiangtan University for the Doctors
文摘The so-called nanoplastic is a new simple name for the polymer/layered silicate nanocomposite,which possesses excellent properties.The asymptotic homogenization method(AHM) was applied to determine numerically the effective elastic modulus of a two-phase nanoplastic with different particle aspect ratios,different ratios of elastic modulus of the effective particle to that of the matrix and different volume fractions.A simple representative volume element was proposed,which is assumed that the effective particles are uniform well-aligned and perfectly bonded in an isotropic matrix and have periodic structure.Some different theoretical models and the experimental results were compared.The numerical results are good in agreement with the experimental results.
文摘近年来,随着塑料制品的大规模使用,塑料污染程度加剧,逐渐成为一个日益严重的全球性问题。塑料制品释放的微纳米塑料(microplastics and nanoplastics,MNPs)作为新兴的环境污染物广泛存在于生物体和环境中,这些塑料颗粒通过3种暴露途径进入人体:呼吸摄入、食物链的生物积累和转移以及皮肤接触,继而产生毒性效应。MNPs的物理特性(形状、大小、表面特性)会随环境变化而动态转化;MNPs充当化学物质载体可分为两种机制:一是从外界吸附而来的污染物,二是在商业生产过程中人工添加的化学剂(阻燃剂、色素等)。研究表明,MNPs对人体健康产生不利影响,现在已经在脑、肠道、肝脏、血液等组织器官中发现了MNPs。最新临床研究表明,MNPs是引发心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases,CVDs)的一个新风险,其参与心肌纤维化等发生发展。CVDs是心脏、动脉、静脉、毛细血管疾病的统称,是导致人类致残和死亡的主要疾病之一。CVDs发病率和复发率较高,并发症较多,降低了患者生活品质和幸福指数,并且呈现年轻化趋势,因此,早期预防极为重要。本文综述了MNPs的性质及其对心血管系统的潜在威胁,旨在探讨MNPs通过何种生理效应、毒性机制及相关通路引发CVDs,重点讨论了其增强氧化应激,促进促炎症因子表达,形成慢性炎症微环境,吸附毒金属和有机物等有毒物质联合相互作用的毒性过程。其中,污水灌溉、大气沉降等过程是重金属与MNPs共污染农业土壤的主要因素,重金属与MNPs相互作用会抑制农作物生长,并促进重金属在植物中的吸收,再通过食物链进入人体,甚至诱发急性冠脉综合征等CVDs。此外,本文例举了MNPs对心血管功能的长期影响,探讨了当前MNPs影响心血管系统方面研究的局限性以及未来的研究方向。
