Oxidative stress occurs when crop plants are exposed to extreme abiotic conditions that lead to the excessive production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Those extreme abiotic conditions or stresses in...Oxidative stress occurs when crop plants are exposed to extreme abiotic conditions that lead to the excessive production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Those extreme abiotic conditions or stresses include drought,high temperature,heavy metals,salinity,and ultraviolet radiation,and they cause yield and quality losses in crops.ROS are highly reactive species found in nature that can attack plant organelles,metabolites,and molecules by interrupting various metabolic pathways until cell death occurs.Plants have evolved defense mechanisms for the production of antioxidants to detoxify the ROS and to protect the plant against oxidative damage.Modern researches in crop plants revealed that low levels of ROS act as a signal which induces tolerance to environmental extremes by altering the expression of defensive genes.In this review,we summarized the processes involved in ROS production in response to several types of abiotic stress in cotton plants.Furthermore,we discussed the achievements in the understanding and improving oxidative stress tolerance in cotton in recent years.Researches related to plant oxidative stresses have shown excellent potential for the development of stress-tolerant crops.展开更多
植物线粒体基因组内特殊的开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)导致植物不产生雄配子或产生的雄配子无法正常受精,这种现象被称为细胞质雄性不育(cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS)。CMS材料雄配子稳定败育的特性使其在杂交种商业化生产...植物线粒体基因组内特殊的开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)导致植物不产生雄配子或产生的雄配子无法正常受精,这种现象被称为细胞质雄性不育(cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS)。CMS材料雄配子稳定败育的特性使其在杂交种商业化生产中一直扮演着重要角色,有效降低了制种成本,提高了杂交种纯度。随着对CMS现象研究的深入,新的CMS材料通过各种手段被不断创制出来,相关的不育基因也逐渐被定位和克隆。该文首先概述了目前对CMS基因进化的研究和常用CMS材料及其相关CMS基因的挖掘情况,随后总结了CMS材料在物质能量代谢、激素水平等方面的表型特点。同时整合了当前对CMS分子机制的几种假说,并结合实验证据提出对CMS分子机制的观点。以期在总结当前细胞质雄性不育研究的基础上对未来更加深入的理论和实验研究提供参考。展开更多
文摘Oxidative stress occurs when crop plants are exposed to extreme abiotic conditions that lead to the excessive production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Those extreme abiotic conditions or stresses include drought,high temperature,heavy metals,salinity,and ultraviolet radiation,and they cause yield and quality losses in crops.ROS are highly reactive species found in nature that can attack plant organelles,metabolites,and molecules by interrupting various metabolic pathways until cell death occurs.Plants have evolved defense mechanisms for the production of antioxidants to detoxify the ROS and to protect the plant against oxidative damage.Modern researches in crop plants revealed that low levels of ROS act as a signal which induces tolerance to environmental extremes by altering the expression of defensive genes.In this review,we summarized the processes involved in ROS production in response to several types of abiotic stress in cotton plants.Furthermore,we discussed the achievements in the understanding and improving oxidative stress tolerance in cotton in recent years.Researches related to plant oxidative stresses have shown excellent potential for the development of stress-tolerant crops.
文摘植物线粒体基因组内特殊的开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)导致植物不产生雄配子或产生的雄配子无法正常受精,这种现象被称为细胞质雄性不育(cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS)。CMS材料雄配子稳定败育的特性使其在杂交种商业化生产中一直扮演着重要角色,有效降低了制种成本,提高了杂交种纯度。随着对CMS现象研究的深入,新的CMS材料通过各种手段被不断创制出来,相关的不育基因也逐渐被定位和克隆。该文首先概述了目前对CMS基因进化的研究和常用CMS材料及其相关CMS基因的挖掘情况,随后总结了CMS材料在物质能量代谢、激素水平等方面的表型特点。同时整合了当前对CMS分子机制的几种假说,并结合实验证据提出对CMS分子机制的观点。以期在总结当前细胞质雄性不育研究的基础上对未来更加深入的理论和实验研究提供参考。
