Background The mulch-free subsurface drip irrigation system demonstrated water-saving potential as an alternative to traditional mulch-based drip irrigation while also eliminating residual film pollution at source.How...Background The mulch-free subsurface drip irrigation system demonstrated water-saving potential as an alternative to traditional mulch-based drip irrigation while also eliminating residual film pollution at source.However,delayed sowing is unavoidable in mulch-free cultivation in ecological regions with a short frost-free period.Intercropping with cumin,which has a shorter growth period,served as an effective strategy to improve land use efficiency during the early growth stages of cotton.Therefore,a two-year field experiment was conducted to study the effects of intercropping cumin at the seeding rate of 2.5(ID1),3.85(ID2),and 5.2(ID3)kg・hm−2 on cotton growth,interspecies competition,fiber quality,and water use efficiency(WUE),as well as system economic benefits under subsurface drip irrigation.Monocropping cotton was used as the control(CK)treatment.Results At the initial flowering(IF)stage(the end of the co-growth period of cotton and cumin),cotton plant height in ID2 and ID3 treatments decreased by 5.93%–16.53%and 10.87%–31.11%,respectively,cotton stem diameter by 11.41%–14.25%and 3.37%–26.49%,respectively,and vegetative biomass by 14.46%–30.65%and 22.59%–49.91%,respectively,compared with CK treatment.With the increase in cumin density,the crop growth rate(CGR)and compensation effect in cotton tended to significantly decrease at the IF stage regardless of organs considered.For the non-co-growth period(after harvesting cumin),cotton reproductive organ biomass in ID2 and ID3 treatments increased by 4.09%‒14.61%at the boll opening stage,crop growth rate in reproductive organs by 20.74%and 74.26%from peak boll to boll opening stages compared with CK treatment,due to an enhancement of 19.09%and 49.30%in the compensation effect.Compared with ID1,the aggressivity treated by ID2 and ID3 decreased by 12.82%–46.34%and 17.95%–31.71%,respectively.However,owing to a greater number of green bolls in the upper canopy at the harvest stages in the ID3 treatment,the system production value(closely related to yield)treated by ID2 was 11.69%–16.89%,6.56%–20.02%,and 16.48%–59.83%greater than that of the ID1,ID3,and CK treatments,respectively.This also led to the highest WUE and net profit under the ID2 treatment.Conclusion Intercropping cumin with medium density improved the cotton biomass accumulation characteristics and increased resources such as land and water utilization efficiency and economic benefits through a stronger compensation effect after harvesting cumin under subsurface drip irrigation without mulch.This study not only provides alternatives to residual film pollution in arid cotton fields but also establishes a sustainable agro-ecological-economic planting paradigm by reducing plastic use and enhancing water and fertilizer use efficiency,holding significant implications for advancing resource-efficient agricultural systems.展开更多
Recent publications have highlighted the development of an alternate cotton-peanut intercropping as a novel strat-egy to enhance agricultural productivity.In this article,we provide an overview of the progress made in...Recent publications have highlighted the development of an alternate cotton-peanut intercropping as a novel strat-egy to enhance agricultural productivity.In this article,we provide an overview of the progress made in the alternate cotton-peanut intercropping,specifically focusing on its yield benefits,environmental impacts,and the underlying mechanisms.In addition,we advocate for future investigations into the selection or development of appropriate crop varieties and agricultural equipment,pest management options,and the mechanisms of root-canopy interactions.This review is intended to provide a valuable reference for understanding and adopting an alternate intercropping system for sustainable cotton production.展开更多
[目的]为明确水肥管理和设施间作等措施对蔬菜土壤微生态及黄瓜、芹菜品质的影响。[方法]通过连续3 a的田间试验,采用连续水肥(CF,continuous fertilization in irrigation)和隔水一肥(AF,alternating fertilization in irrigation)2种...[目的]为明确水肥管理和设施间作等措施对蔬菜土壤微生态及黄瓜、芹菜品质的影响。[方法]通过连续3 a的田间试验,采用连续水肥(CF,continuous fertilization in irrigation)和隔水一肥(AF,alternating fertilization in irrigation)2种水肥模式,结合黄瓜单作(CU,cucumber monoculture)、芹菜单作(CE,celery monoculture)、黄瓜与芹菜间作(CC,cucumber and celery intercropping)3种种植模式,系统评估不同处理对作物品质、土壤理化性质和微生物群落的影响。[结果]CCCF处理显著提升黄瓜和芹菜的维生素C含量(提升16.6%~200%),而CUCF处理则在可溶性糖积累方面表现出优势。XGB模型分析揭示,速效钾和pH分别是调控维生素C和可溶性糖含量的关键因子。微生物组分析显示,间作处理富集特异性ASVs(7371~7526个),显著提高Steroidobacter、Flavobacterium等促生菌的丰度,同时抑制病原真菌的生长。功能预测表明,水肥管理主要影响氮循环功能,间作则增强甲烷营养功能。微生物网络分析进一步揭示,CF形成紧密的细菌互作网络,AF提高网络模块性,而CC则在保持高连接性的同时维持适度模块性。[结论]不同水肥和种植管理措施通过调控土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构和生态网络,对作物品质产生差异化影响。其中,CCCF和CUCF分别适合提升维生素C和可溶性糖含量,为设施农业精准调控作物品质提供新思路。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31250512).
文摘Background The mulch-free subsurface drip irrigation system demonstrated water-saving potential as an alternative to traditional mulch-based drip irrigation while also eliminating residual film pollution at source.However,delayed sowing is unavoidable in mulch-free cultivation in ecological regions with a short frost-free period.Intercropping with cumin,which has a shorter growth period,served as an effective strategy to improve land use efficiency during the early growth stages of cotton.Therefore,a two-year field experiment was conducted to study the effects of intercropping cumin at the seeding rate of 2.5(ID1),3.85(ID2),and 5.2(ID3)kg・hm−2 on cotton growth,interspecies competition,fiber quality,and water use efficiency(WUE),as well as system economic benefits under subsurface drip irrigation.Monocropping cotton was used as the control(CK)treatment.Results At the initial flowering(IF)stage(the end of the co-growth period of cotton and cumin),cotton plant height in ID2 and ID3 treatments decreased by 5.93%–16.53%and 10.87%–31.11%,respectively,cotton stem diameter by 11.41%–14.25%and 3.37%–26.49%,respectively,and vegetative biomass by 14.46%–30.65%and 22.59%–49.91%,respectively,compared with CK treatment.With the increase in cumin density,the crop growth rate(CGR)and compensation effect in cotton tended to significantly decrease at the IF stage regardless of organs considered.For the non-co-growth period(after harvesting cumin),cotton reproductive organ biomass in ID2 and ID3 treatments increased by 4.09%‒14.61%at the boll opening stage,crop growth rate in reproductive organs by 20.74%and 74.26%from peak boll to boll opening stages compared with CK treatment,due to an enhancement of 19.09%and 49.30%in the compensation effect.Compared with ID1,the aggressivity treated by ID2 and ID3 decreased by 12.82%–46.34%and 17.95%–31.71%,respectively.However,owing to a greater number of green bolls in the upper canopy at the harvest stages in the ID3 treatment,the system production value(closely related to yield)treated by ID2 was 11.69%–16.89%,6.56%–20.02%,and 16.48%–59.83%greater than that of the ID1,ID3,and CK treatments,respectively.This also led to the highest WUE and net profit under the ID2 treatment.Conclusion Intercropping cumin with medium density improved the cotton biomass accumulation characteristics and increased resources such as land and water utilization efficiency and economic benefits through a stronger compensation effect after harvesting cumin under subsurface drip irrigation without mulch.This study not only provides alternatives to residual film pollution in arid cotton fields but also establishes a sustainable agro-ecological-economic planting paradigm by reducing plastic use and enhancing water and fertilizer use efficiency,holding significant implications for advancing resource-efficient agricultural systems.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101844)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2021QC188 and ZR2022MC103).
文摘Recent publications have highlighted the development of an alternate cotton-peanut intercropping as a novel strat-egy to enhance agricultural productivity.In this article,we provide an overview of the progress made in the alternate cotton-peanut intercropping,specifically focusing on its yield benefits,environmental impacts,and the underlying mechanisms.In addition,we advocate for future investigations into the selection or development of appropriate crop varieties and agricultural equipment,pest management options,and the mechanisms of root-canopy interactions.This review is intended to provide a valuable reference for understanding and adopting an alternate intercropping system for sustainable cotton production.
文摘[目的]为明确水肥管理和设施间作等措施对蔬菜土壤微生态及黄瓜、芹菜品质的影响。[方法]通过连续3 a的田间试验,采用连续水肥(CF,continuous fertilization in irrigation)和隔水一肥(AF,alternating fertilization in irrigation)2种水肥模式,结合黄瓜单作(CU,cucumber monoculture)、芹菜单作(CE,celery monoculture)、黄瓜与芹菜间作(CC,cucumber and celery intercropping)3种种植模式,系统评估不同处理对作物品质、土壤理化性质和微生物群落的影响。[结果]CCCF处理显著提升黄瓜和芹菜的维生素C含量(提升16.6%~200%),而CUCF处理则在可溶性糖积累方面表现出优势。XGB模型分析揭示,速效钾和pH分别是调控维生素C和可溶性糖含量的关键因子。微生物组分析显示,间作处理富集特异性ASVs(7371~7526个),显著提高Steroidobacter、Flavobacterium等促生菌的丰度,同时抑制病原真菌的生长。功能预测表明,水肥管理主要影响氮循环功能,间作则增强甲烷营养功能。微生物网络分析进一步揭示,CF形成紧密的细菌互作网络,AF提高网络模块性,而CC则在保持高连接性的同时维持适度模块性。[结论]不同水肥和种植管理措施通过调控土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构和生态网络,对作物品质产生差异化影响。其中,CCCF和CUCF分别适合提升维生素C和可溶性糖含量,为设施农业精准调控作物品质提供新思路。
