Recent advances in the ultrafast transmission electron microscope （UTEM）, with combined spatial and temporal resolutions, have made it possible to directly visualize the atomic, electronic, and magnetic structural d...Recent advances in the ultrafast transmission electron microscope （UTEM）, with combined spatial and temporal resolutions, have made it possible to directly visualize the atomic, electronic, and magnetic structural dynamics of materials. In this review, we highlight the recent progress of UTEM techniques and their applications to a variety of material systems. It is emphasized that numerous significant ultrafast dynamic issues in material science can be solved by the integration of the pump-probe approach with the well-developed conventional transmission electron microscopy （TEM） techniques. For instance, UTEM diffraction experiments can be performed to investigate photoinduced atomic-scale dynamics, including the chemical reactions, non-equilibrium phase transition/melting, and lattice phonon coupling. UTEM imaging methods are invaluable for studying, in real space, the elementary processes of structural and morphological changes, as well as magnetic-domain evolution in the Lorentz TEM mode, at a high magnification. UTEM electron energy-loss spectroscopic techniques allow the examination of the ultrafast valence states and electronic structure dynamics, while photoinduced near-field electron microscopy extends the capability of the UTEM to the regime of electromagnetic-field imaging with a high real space resolution.展开更多
Steve Pennycook is a pioneer in the application of high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)and in particular the use of annular dark-field(ADF)imaging.Here we show how a general framework for 4D...Steve Pennycook is a pioneer in the application of high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)and in particular the use of annular dark-field(ADF)imaging.Here we show how a general framework for 4D STEM allows clear links to be made between ADF imaging and the emerging methods for reconstructing images from 4D STEM data sets.We show that both ADF imaging and ptychographical reconstruction can be thought of in terms of integrating over the overlap regions of diffracted discs in the detector plane.This approach allows the similarities in parts of their transfer functions to be understood,though we note that the transfer functions for ptychographic imaging cannot be used as a measure of information transfer.We also show that conditions of partial spatial and temporal coherence affect ADF imaging and ptychography similarly,showing that achromatic interference can always contribute to the image in both cases,leading to a robustness to partial temporal coherence that has enabled high-resolution imaging.展开更多
利用Image Pro Plus和Photoshop等图像处理软件对三种典型碳纤维样品断面的扫描电镜照片进行了图像分析及处理,使用Matlab对图像进行了数字化处理,计算得到国产1#及2#碳纤维样品的圆度分别是0.980和0.809,与T300碳纤维的圆度0.846有一...利用Image Pro Plus和Photoshop等图像处理软件对三种典型碳纤维样品断面的扫描电镜照片进行了图像分析及处理,使用Matlab对图像进行了数字化处理,计算得到国产1#及2#碳纤维样品的圆度分别是0.980和0.809,与T300碳纤维的圆度0.846有一定差异。通过该方法可以定量化地表征碳纤维表面的物理特征。展开更多
Tensile tests parallel to the grain were carried out on LV mode in an environmental scanning electron microscope(ESEM)chamber on Picea jezoensis var. microsperma sample. Displacement and strain fields for different lo...Tensile tests parallel to the grain were carried out on LV mode in an environmental scanning electron microscope(ESEM)chamber on Picea jezoensis var. microsperma sample. Displacement and strain fields for different load levels under proportion limit were obtained from digital image correlation method(DSCM). Heterogeneous microstructural influence on mechanical properties of wood were analysed.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2015CB921300)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2016YFA0300300,2017YFA0504703,and 2017YFA0302900)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11604372,11474323,and 11774391)the”Strategic Priority Research Program(B)”of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB07020000)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.ZDKYYQ20170002)the financial support of the Hundred Talent Program B from CAS
文摘Recent advances in the ultrafast transmission electron microscope （UTEM）, with combined spatial and temporal resolutions, have made it possible to directly visualize the atomic, electronic, and magnetic structural dynamics of materials. In this review, we highlight the recent progress of UTEM techniques and their applications to a variety of material systems. It is emphasized that numerous significant ultrafast dynamic issues in material science can be solved by the integration of the pump-probe approach with the well-developed conventional transmission electron microscopy （TEM） techniques. For instance, UTEM diffraction experiments can be performed to investigate photoinduced atomic-scale dynamics, including the chemical reactions, non-equilibrium phase transition/melting, and lattice phonon coupling. UTEM imaging methods are invaluable for studying, in real space, the elementary processes of structural and morphological changes, as well as magnetic-domain evolution in the Lorentz TEM mode, at a high magnification. UTEM electron energy-loss spectroscopic techniques allow the examination of the ultrafast valence states and electronic structure dynamics, while photoinduced near-field electron microscopy extends the capability of the UTEM to the regime of electromagnetic-field imaging with a high real space resolution.
基金funding from the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme via Grant Agreement No.802123-HDEM(TJP)from the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)via grant EP/M010708/1(PDN).
文摘Steve Pennycook is a pioneer in the application of high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)and in particular the use of annular dark-field(ADF)imaging.Here we show how a general framework for 4D STEM allows clear links to be made between ADF imaging and the emerging methods for reconstructing images from 4D STEM data sets.We show that both ADF imaging and ptychographical reconstruction can be thought of in terms of integrating over the overlap regions of diffracted discs in the detector plane.This approach allows the similarities in parts of their transfer functions to be understood,though we note that the transfer functions for ptychographic imaging cannot be used as a measure of information transfer.We also show that conditions of partial spatial and temporal coherence affect ADF imaging and ptychography similarly,showing that achromatic interference can always contribute to the image in both cases,leading to a robustness to partial temporal coherence that has enabled high-resolution imaging.
文摘利用Image Pro Plus和Photoshop等图像处理软件对三种典型碳纤维样品断面的扫描电镜照片进行了图像分析及处理,使用Matlab对图像进行了数字化处理,计算得到国产1#及2#碳纤维样品的圆度分别是0.980和0.809,与T300碳纤维的圆度0.846有一定差异。通过该方法可以定量化地表征碳纤维表面的物理特征。
文摘Tensile tests parallel to the grain were carried out on LV mode in an environmental scanning electron microscope(ESEM)chamber on Picea jezoensis var. microsperma sample. Displacement and strain fields for different load levels under proportion limit were obtained from digital image correlation method(DSCM). Heterogeneous microstructural influence on mechanical properties of wood were analysed.
