On the basis of previous studies dealing with the variation of major agronomic and yield characteristics of regenerated plants derived from single cell culture in vitro of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.Cult...On the basis of previous studies dealing with the variation of major agronomic and yield characteristics of regenerated plants derived from single cell culture in vitro of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.Cultivar NE 7742), the grain protein content and its fractions from regenerated plants with stable agronomic characteristics were studied from 1992 to 1995. The results showed that the variation of grain protein content and its fractions in somaclones from single cell culture in vitro were very significant and the range was very wide (11531770%). Several types of variation were found in the studies, especially the type with higher protein content than that of cultivar NE 7742 (non-culture parent). Among them, -2069% of lines the grain protein content was significantly higher than that of NE 7742 and combined with high yielding potential. The tendency of variation of the four protein fractions showed that the variation of albumin was not obvious and maintained the same level as NE774 increased in some somaclones and decreased in others. However, the percentages both globulin and glutenin tended to increase. The variation of total amount of structural protein and the ratio between globulin and glutenin tended to increase. The variation of total amount of structural protein and the ratio between globulin and albumm was mainly influenced by globulin under the condition of culture in vitro. The variation of total amount of storage protein and the ratio between gliadin and glutenin was mainly affected by glutenin. The results mentioned above demonstrated that the induction and screening of somaclonal variation could be an effective way in wheat improvement in combining high protein content with high yield.展开更多
为探究氮素对粳米食味品质、营养品质和精碾磨粉特性的影响,以不同食味粳稻品种沈农9816、秋田小町、北粳3号和盐粳476为试验材料,设置0 kg hm^(-2) (N0)、50 kg hm^(-2) (N1)、100 kg hm^(-2) (N2)和200 kg hm^(-2) (N3)4个氮素水平,...为探究氮素对粳米食味品质、营养品质和精碾磨粉特性的影响,以不同食味粳稻品种沈农9816、秋田小町、北粳3号和盐粳476为试验材料,设置0 kg hm^(-2) (N0)、50 kg hm^(-2) (N1)、100 kg hm^(-2) (N2)和200 kg hm^(-2) (N3)4个氮素水平,研究了氮素水平对不同食味稻米品质与精碾磨粉颗粒形态特征的影响及其相互关系。结果表明:(1)稻米食味值表现为秋田小町>盐粳476>北粳3号>沈农9816,在不同氮素水平下表现一致。(2)随着氮素水平的提高,除秋田小町外,不同粳稻品种的食味品质(蒸煮食味值、外观、黏度、胶稠度)、支链淀粉A链、B1链含量均显著降低,硬度、直链淀粉含量和蛋白组分含量显著提高;峰值黏度、热浆黏度、最终黏度呈降低趋势,崩解值、消减值、糊化温度受氮素影响较小;精碾磨粉表面由光滑变为粗糙,颗粒粒径变大、数量增多呈堆积状,并伴随裂痕和空隙现象发生。(3)相关分析表明,氮素水平与与蒸煮食味品质(黏度、外观和食味值)、RVA特征值谱(峰值黏度、热浆黏度、最终黏度)均呈极显著负相关,但与硬度及精碾磨粉表面颗粒粒径呈极显著正相关;精碾磨粉表面颗粒粒径与蒸煮食味品质(食味值、外观)、RVA特征值谱(黏度、峰值黏度、热浆黏度及最终黏度)呈极显著负相关,但与硬度呈显著正相关。综合来看,食味值高的品种对氮素响应较弱,且精碾磨粉表面特性稳定,进而保证了其食味品质的稳定性。展开更多
文摘On the basis of previous studies dealing with the variation of major agronomic and yield characteristics of regenerated plants derived from single cell culture in vitro of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.Cultivar NE 7742), the grain protein content and its fractions from regenerated plants with stable agronomic characteristics were studied from 1992 to 1995. The results showed that the variation of grain protein content and its fractions in somaclones from single cell culture in vitro were very significant and the range was very wide (11531770%). Several types of variation were found in the studies, especially the type with higher protein content than that of cultivar NE 7742 (non-culture parent). Among them, -2069% of lines the grain protein content was significantly higher than that of NE 7742 and combined with high yielding potential. The tendency of variation of the four protein fractions showed that the variation of albumin was not obvious and maintained the same level as NE774 increased in some somaclones and decreased in others. However, the percentages both globulin and glutenin tended to increase. The variation of total amount of structural protein and the ratio between globulin and glutenin tended to increase. The variation of total amount of structural protein and the ratio between globulin and albumm was mainly influenced by globulin under the condition of culture in vitro. The variation of total amount of storage protein and the ratio between gliadin and glutenin was mainly affected by glutenin. The results mentioned above demonstrated that the induction and screening of somaclonal variation could be an effective way in wheat improvement in combining high protein content with high yield.
文摘为探究氮素对粳米食味品质、营养品质和精碾磨粉特性的影响,以不同食味粳稻品种沈农9816、秋田小町、北粳3号和盐粳476为试验材料,设置0 kg hm^(-2) (N0)、50 kg hm^(-2) (N1)、100 kg hm^(-2) (N2)和200 kg hm^(-2) (N3)4个氮素水平,研究了氮素水平对不同食味稻米品质与精碾磨粉颗粒形态特征的影响及其相互关系。结果表明:(1)稻米食味值表现为秋田小町>盐粳476>北粳3号>沈农9816,在不同氮素水平下表现一致。(2)随着氮素水平的提高,除秋田小町外,不同粳稻品种的食味品质(蒸煮食味值、外观、黏度、胶稠度)、支链淀粉A链、B1链含量均显著降低,硬度、直链淀粉含量和蛋白组分含量显著提高;峰值黏度、热浆黏度、最终黏度呈降低趋势,崩解值、消减值、糊化温度受氮素影响较小;精碾磨粉表面由光滑变为粗糙,颗粒粒径变大、数量增多呈堆积状,并伴随裂痕和空隙现象发生。(3)相关分析表明,氮素水平与与蒸煮食味品质(黏度、外观和食味值)、RVA特征值谱(峰值黏度、热浆黏度、最终黏度)均呈极显著负相关,但与硬度及精碾磨粉表面颗粒粒径呈极显著正相关;精碾磨粉表面颗粒粒径与蒸煮食味品质(食味值、外观)、RVA特征值谱(黏度、峰值黏度、热浆黏度及最终黏度)呈极显著负相关,但与硬度呈显著正相关。综合来看,食味值高的品种对氮素响应较弱,且精碾磨粉表面特性稳定,进而保证了其食味品质的稳定性。
