Soybean frogeye leaf spot(FLS)disease is a worldwide disease caused by Cercospora sojina Hara.It is one of the major diseases suffered by soybean during the growth cycle,which seriously damages the yield and seed qual...Soybean frogeye leaf spot(FLS)disease is a worldwide disease caused by Cercospora sojina Hara.It is one of the major diseases suffered by soybean during the growth cycle,which seriously damages the yield and seed quality of soybean.The current resistant varieties are difficult to meet the production demand.The breeders have identified 50 different physiological small species and discussed the physiological and biochemical characteristics of soybean resistance to FLS.In soybean disease resistance breeding,resistance resources are screened for the main physiological races in different countries,resistance materials are created,more than 100 genome regions associated with resistance are located,and 12 resistance-related genes are identified.In order to promote the research of soybean disease resistance breeding,this paper expounded and analyzed the pathogenesis characteristics of soybean FLS,the division of races,the physiological and biochemical mechanism of soybean resistance to FLS disease,quantitative trait locus(QTL),quantitative trait nucleotides(QTN),genes of resistance sites,the screening of resistant germplasm resources,and the breeding of new varieties,so as to gain an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis principle of soybean FLS disease.In order to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the breeding of soybean FLS disease,the resistance mechanism of soybean FLS disease was analyzed from the molecular level.展开更多
Soybean frogeye leaf spot(FLS) disease is a global disease affecting soybean yield, especially in the soybean growing area of Heilongjiang Province. In order to realize genomic selection breeding for FLS resistance of...Soybean frogeye leaf spot(FLS) disease is a global disease affecting soybean yield, especially in the soybean growing area of Heilongjiang Province. In order to realize genomic selection breeding for FLS resistance of soybean, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO) regression and stepwise regression were combined, and a genomic selection model was established for 40 002 SNP markers covering soybean genome and relative lesion area of soybean FLS. As a result, 68 molecular markers controlling soybean FLS were detected accurately, and the phenotypic contribution rate of these markers reached 82.45%. In this study, a model was established, which could be used directly to evaluate the resistance of soybean FLS and to select excellent offspring. This research method could also provide ideas and methods for other plants to breeding in disease resistance.展开更多
水稻类病斑突变体在研究水稻细胞程序性死亡和广谱抗病性中具有重要作用,已报道的水稻类病斑主要发生在叶片上,少量发生在颖壳上。本研究中首次报道了水稻的一种穗叶类病斑突变体pls1(Panicle and leaf spot 1),其从三叶期叶片开始出现...水稻类病斑突变体在研究水稻细胞程序性死亡和广谱抗病性中具有重要作用,已报道的水稻类病斑主要发生在叶片上,少量发生在颖壳上。本研究中首次报道了水稻的一种穗叶类病斑突变体pls1(Panicle and leaf spot 1),其从三叶期叶片开始出现红褐色斑点,随生育进程扩大,并扩展到其他器官。与以往报道的水稻类病斑突变体不同的是,pls1抽穗后稻穗枝梗和颖壳逐渐产生红褐色病斑,成熟期稻穗干枯,严重影响产量,是一种新类型的水稻类病斑。结合图位克隆和全基因组重测序发现pls1突变体产生了173403 bp的大片段缺失,导致7个基因缺失和1个基因启动子缺失。这8个基因中4个编码醇溶蛋白,另外3个在叶片和穗部表达量较低,只有Os12g0268000在叶片和稻穗中较其他器官有较高的表达量,推测PLS1为Os12g0268000,基因功能注释显示其编码色胺5-羟化酶。pls1突变体叶片中活性氧、过氧化氢、超氧阴离子过量积累,抗氧系统相关酶氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性提高,发生细胞程序性死亡和叶绿体降解,降低光合能力。褪黑素在植物耐盐性中起重要作用。进一步的功能分析发现,缺失PLS1会抑制水稻中褪黑素合成相关酶基因OsTDC1、OsTDC3、OsSNAT1、OsASMT1和OsCOMT的表达,进而导致pls1突变体的耐盐性下降。综上,穗叶类病斑突变体pls1是一种新类型的水稻类病斑突变体,将为水稻类病斑研究提供新的种质材料;耐盐性的分析揭示了色胺5-羟化酶的新功能,为研究其在细胞程序性死亡和耐盐性中的机制提供了新视角。展开更多
基金Supported by the 14th Five-Year National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFD1201103–01–05)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301819)the Cooperation Project of Research and Development Center between Wudalianchi Government and Northeast Agricultural University.
文摘Soybean frogeye leaf spot(FLS)disease is a worldwide disease caused by Cercospora sojina Hara.It is one of the major diseases suffered by soybean during the growth cycle,which seriously damages the yield and seed quality of soybean.The current resistant varieties are difficult to meet the production demand.The breeders have identified 50 different physiological small species and discussed the physiological and biochemical characteristics of soybean resistance to FLS.In soybean disease resistance breeding,resistance resources are screened for the main physiological races in different countries,resistance materials are created,more than 100 genome regions associated with resistance are located,and 12 resistance-related genes are identified.In order to promote the research of soybean disease resistance breeding,this paper expounded and analyzed the pathogenesis characteristics of soybean FLS,the division of races,the physiological and biochemical mechanism of soybean resistance to FLS disease,quantitative trait locus(QTL),quantitative trait nucleotides(QTN),genes of resistance sites,the screening of resistant germplasm resources,and the breeding of new varieties,so as to gain an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis principle of soybean FLS disease.In order to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the breeding of soybean FLS disease,the resistance mechanism of soybean FLS disease was analyzed from the molecular level.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1201103-01-05)。
文摘Soybean frogeye leaf spot(FLS) disease is a global disease affecting soybean yield, especially in the soybean growing area of Heilongjiang Province. In order to realize genomic selection breeding for FLS resistance of soybean, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO) regression and stepwise regression were combined, and a genomic selection model was established for 40 002 SNP markers covering soybean genome and relative lesion area of soybean FLS. As a result, 68 molecular markers controlling soybean FLS were detected accurately, and the phenotypic contribution rate of these markers reached 82.45%. In this study, a model was established, which could be used directly to evaluate the resistance of soybean FLS and to select excellent offspring. This research method could also provide ideas and methods for other plants to breeding in disease resistance.
