To solve the problem of risk identification and quantitative assessment for human-computer interaction(HCI)in complex avionics systems,an HCI safety analysis framework based on system-theoretical process analysis(STPA...To solve the problem of risk identification and quantitative assessment for human-computer interaction(HCI)in complex avionics systems,an HCI safety analysis framework based on system-theoretical process analysis(STPA)and cognitive reliability and error analysis method(CREAM)is proposed.STPACREAM can identify unsafe control actions and find the causal path during the interaction of avionics systems and pilot with the help of formal verification tools automatically.The common performance conditions(CPC)of avionics systems in the aviation environment is established and a quantitative analysis of human failure is carried out.Taking the head-up display(HUD)system interaction process as an example,a case analysis is carried out,the layered safety control structure and formal model of the HUD interaction process are established.For the interactive behavior“Pilots approaching with HUD”,four unsafe control actions and35 causal scenarios are identified and the impact of common performance conditions at different levels on the pilot decision model are analyzed.The results show that HUD's HCI level gradually improves as the scores of CPC increase,and the quality of crew member cooperation and time sufficiency of the task is the key to its HCI.Through case analysis,it is shown that STPACREAM can quantitatively assess the hazards in HCI and identify the key factors that impact safety.展开更多
农机轨迹行为模式识别是一项多变量时间序列分类(multivariate time series classification,MTSC)任务,旨在提取农机轨迹数据中蕴藏的时空特征来识别农机轨迹行为模式,并为每个轨迹点分配相应的语义标签。针对现有方法对轨迹时空信息捕...农机轨迹行为模式识别是一项多变量时间序列分类(multivariate time series classification,MTSC)任务,旨在提取农机轨迹数据中蕴藏的时空特征来识别农机轨迹行为模式,并为每个轨迹点分配相应的语义标签。针对现有方法对轨迹时空信息捕捉能力不足和识别精度不佳的问题,提出了多维时空交互网络(multidimensional spatio-temporal interaction network,MSINet)来识别农机轨迹的行为模式。提出了多维信息交互(multidimensional infor-mation interaction,MII)模块,其融合了图卷积与自注意力机制以捕捉轨迹点之间的局部关联与全局依赖,同时利用双向感知机制实现通道与空间维度的信息互补;设计了多路径特征提取(multipath feature extraction,MFE)模块,利用具有不同扩张率的卷积路径有效提取轨迹数据的多尺度时序特征。最后,开发了语义聚焦(semantic focus,SF)模块以高效地捕捉轨迹数据中的关键信息。为验证所提方法的有效性,在农业农村部农机作业监测与大数据应用重点实验室提供的轨迹数据集上展开了实验。实验结果表明,MSINet在水稻收割机和小麦收割机轨迹数据集上的准确率分别为91.62%和91.34%,F1 score分别为91.57%和86.98%,相较于当前表现最优的模型生成式对抗网络-双向长短期记忆网络(generative adversarial network-bidirectional long short-term memory network,GAN BiLSTM),F1 score分别提升了5.57和3.72个百分点。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB1600601)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Civil Aviation Administration of China(U1933106)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Educational Committee(2019KJ134)the Natural Science Foundation of TianjinIntelligent Civil Aviation Program(21JCQNJ C00900)。
文摘To solve the problem of risk identification and quantitative assessment for human-computer interaction(HCI)in complex avionics systems,an HCI safety analysis framework based on system-theoretical process analysis(STPA)and cognitive reliability and error analysis method(CREAM)is proposed.STPACREAM can identify unsafe control actions and find the causal path during the interaction of avionics systems and pilot with the help of formal verification tools automatically.The common performance conditions(CPC)of avionics systems in the aviation environment is established and a quantitative analysis of human failure is carried out.Taking the head-up display(HUD)system interaction process as an example,a case analysis is carried out,the layered safety control structure and formal model of the HUD interaction process are established.For the interactive behavior“Pilots approaching with HUD”,four unsafe control actions and35 causal scenarios are identified and the impact of common performance conditions at different levels on the pilot decision model are analyzed.The results show that HUD's HCI level gradually improves as the scores of CPC increase,and the quality of crew member cooperation and time sufficiency of the task is the key to its HCI.Through case analysis,it is shown that STPACREAM can quantitatively assess the hazards in HCI and identify the key factors that impact safety.
