Sequencing the genomes of crop species and model systems contributes significantly to our understanding of the organization,structure and function of plant genomes.In a `white paper' published in 2007,the cotton c...Sequencing the genomes of crop species and model systems contributes significantly to our understanding of the organization,structure and function of plant genomes.In a `white paper' published in 2007,the cotton community set forth a strategic plan for sequencing the AD genome of cultivated upland cotton that initially targets less complex diploid genomes.This strategy banks on the high展开更多
Androgenesis was the especial zoogamy that the germ plasma of offspring was from the agnate. In this study the eggs of Yellow catfish （Pelteobagrus fulvidraco） were irradiated by UV suspending in the synthetic ovari...Androgenesis was the especial zoogamy that the germ plasma of offspring was from the agnate. In this study the eggs of Yellow catfish （Pelteobagrus fulvidraco） were irradiated by UV suspending in the synthetic ovarian fluid （OF）, and the total dosage of UV irradiation was 220 mJ·cm^-2. Diploid could be induced by heat shock （40℃, 2 min, 3 min） with different time period after fertilization （15-37 min）. The result showed that heat shock with 2 min was better than 3 min; there were two apices of induction in 17-21 min and 27-31 min after fertilization. The highest hatching rate was 3.30% at 29 min after fertilization, and the difference between two apices of induction was unobvious.展开更多
The narrow genetic base in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) limits the progress in cultivar development.The rich diploid germplasm in the origin center of potato provide a unique resource for improvement of tetraploid po...The narrow genetic base in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) limits the progress in cultivar development.The rich diploid germplasm in the origin center of potato provide a unique resource for improvement of tetraploid potatoes.Seven newly developed diploid hybrids with 2n pollen production,all of which have S. phureja background,were developed and evaluated for their value in potato breeding.They were crossed as male parnets to six tetraploid Solanum tuberosum cultivars,and seeds in large quantity from eleven crosses were obtained.Main agronomic traits,such as tuber yield,tuber number,mean tuber weight,tuber shape,eye depth,skin smoothness,flesh color,and specific gravity,were measured for 4x 2x tetraploid progenies in seedling generation,and their parents as well.All of the diploid hybrids had some merit for specific traits and the DH39 was more promising;high specific gravity trait in some diploid hybrids was successfully introgressed into tetroploid progenies via 4x 2x crosses.These diploid hybrids have potential value in potato breeding.展开更多
Recombinant inbred lines(RILs) serve as powerful tools for genetic mapping.RILs are obtained by crossing two inbred lines followed by repeated selfing or sib-mating to create a set of new
The cultivated Gossypium A genome diploid species G.arboreum and G.herbaceum and the allotetraploid species G.hirsutum and G.barbadense share common morphology for various floral traits,
【背景】中国是水产养殖大国,在碳达峰、碳中和战略背景下,为了能够在未来的低碳经济中掌握话语权和主动权,需加快建立碳足迹管理体系,清晰核算水产养殖产品碳足迹,丰富产品碳足迹核算实践。【目的】建立和优化水产品碳足迹核算方法,比...【背景】中国是水产养殖大国,在碳达峰、碳中和战略背景下,为了能够在未来的低碳经济中掌握话语权和主动权,需加快建立碳足迹管理体系,清晰核算水产养殖产品碳足迹,丰富产品碳足迹核算实践。【目的】建立和优化水产品碳足迹核算方法,比较福建省主要牡蛎养殖产品的碳足迹。【方法】基于生命周期评价(LCA)法,对福建省主要养殖的福建牡蛎(Crassostrea angulate,二倍体)和三倍体牡蛎[福建牡蛎♂×太平洋牡蛎(C.gigas)♀]全生命周期碳足迹进行比较研究。【结果】本研究构建了养殖牡蛎产品碳足迹核算方法体系,并明确其系统边界和清单分析。经计算,生产1 t二倍体和三倍体牡蛎产品“从摇篮到大门”的碳足迹分别为-210.79和-37.92 kg CO_(2)eq,“从摇篮到坟墓”的碳足迹分别为-93.89和78.98 kg CO_(2)eq。养殖牡蛎产品的主要碳排放来源于育苗阶段电力消耗和养殖阶段的养殖设施损耗。【结论】和其他水产养殖产品比较,牡蛎碳排放低于绝大多数鱼、虾、贝等产品,是环境友好的水产品供给者。【意义】本研究为科学核算水产养殖产品碳排放、制定碳足迹评价技术标准体系提供重要支撑,有助于双碳背景下水产养殖的绿色发展。展开更多
在水温为（16．0±0．5）℃、pH为8．0～8．3、盐度为30．2的条件下，对牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus单倍体、三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎发育的过程与普通二倍体牙鲆的发育进行了比较。结果表明：单倍体胚胎脊柱弯曲，器官分化不全...在水温为（16．0±0．5）℃、pH为8．0～8．3、盐度为30．2的条件下，对牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus单倍体、三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎发育的过程与普通二倍体牙鲆的发育进行了比较。结果表明：单倍体胚胎脊柱弯曲，器官分化不全，受精率低，畸形率高，出膜率低；三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎与普通二倍体牙鲆的发育时序基本相同，受精卵经过卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、神经胚、卵黄栓胚、克氏囊胚、尾芽胚、心跳胚、出膜期等阶段孵化出膜，各阶段除发育时间不同外，发育特征与发育分期没有明显差别；普通二倍体胚胎约61h孵化出膜，而三倍体和雌核发育二倍体分别经66 h 30 min和67 h 50 min孵化出膜，孵化时间比普通二倍体牙鲆长约10％。其中，卵裂期三倍体和雌核发育二倍体在细胞分裂阶段发育特别缓慢，发育时间比普通二倍体长约25％。单倍体出膜率为（16．5±2．2）％，畸形率为（97．2±1．6）％；雌核发育二倍体出膜率为（85．6±3．0）％，畸形率为（13．2±2．3）％；三倍体出膜率为（82．3±3．1）％，畸形率为（16．3±2．5）％。与普通二倍体牙鲆相比，三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎出膜率低，仔鱼畸形率高。展开更多
文摘Sequencing the genomes of crop species and model systems contributes significantly to our understanding of the organization,structure and function of plant genomes.In a `white paper' published in 2007,the cotton community set forth a strategic plan for sequencing the AD genome of cultivated upland cotton that initially targets less complex diploid genomes.This strategy banks on the high
基金Supported by Science Project of Heilongjiang Province(GC03B510)
文摘Androgenesis was the especial zoogamy that the germ plasma of offspring was from the agnate. In this study the eggs of Yellow catfish （Pelteobagrus fulvidraco） were irradiated by UV suspending in the synthetic ovarian fluid （OF）, and the total dosage of UV irradiation was 220 mJ·cm^-2. Diploid could be induced by heat shock （40℃, 2 min, 3 min） with different time period after fertilization （15-37 min）. The result showed that heat shock with 2 min was better than 3 min; there were two apices of induction in 17-21 min and 27-31 min after fertilization. The highest hatching rate was 3.30% at 29 min after fertilization, and the difference between two apices of induction was unobvious.
文摘The narrow genetic base in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) limits the progress in cultivar development.The rich diploid germplasm in the origin center of potato provide a unique resource for improvement of tetraploid potatoes.Seven newly developed diploid hybrids with 2n pollen production,all of which have S. phureja background,were developed and evaluated for their value in potato breeding.They were crossed as male parnets to six tetraploid Solanum tuberosum cultivars,and seeds in large quantity from eleven crosses were obtained.Main agronomic traits,such as tuber yield,tuber number,mean tuber weight,tuber shape,eye depth,skin smoothness,flesh color,and specific gravity,were measured for 4x 2x tetraploid progenies in seedling generation,and their parents as well.All of the diploid hybrids had some merit for specific traits and the DH39 was more promising;high specific gravity trait in some diploid hybrids was successfully introgressed into tetroploid progenies via 4x 2x crosses.These diploid hybrids have potential value in potato breeding.
文摘Recombinant inbred lines(RILs) serve as powerful tools for genetic mapping.RILs are obtained by crossing two inbred lines followed by repeated selfing or sib-mating to create a set of new
文摘The cultivated Gossypium A genome diploid species G.arboreum and G.herbaceum and the allotetraploid species G.hirsutum and G.barbadense share common morphology for various floral traits,
文摘【背景】中国是水产养殖大国,在碳达峰、碳中和战略背景下,为了能够在未来的低碳经济中掌握话语权和主动权,需加快建立碳足迹管理体系,清晰核算水产养殖产品碳足迹,丰富产品碳足迹核算实践。【目的】建立和优化水产品碳足迹核算方法,比较福建省主要牡蛎养殖产品的碳足迹。【方法】基于生命周期评价(LCA)法,对福建省主要养殖的福建牡蛎(Crassostrea angulate,二倍体)和三倍体牡蛎[福建牡蛎♂×太平洋牡蛎(C.gigas)♀]全生命周期碳足迹进行比较研究。【结果】本研究构建了养殖牡蛎产品碳足迹核算方法体系,并明确其系统边界和清单分析。经计算,生产1 t二倍体和三倍体牡蛎产品“从摇篮到大门”的碳足迹分别为-210.79和-37.92 kg CO_(2)eq,“从摇篮到坟墓”的碳足迹分别为-93.89和78.98 kg CO_(2)eq。养殖牡蛎产品的主要碳排放来源于育苗阶段电力消耗和养殖阶段的养殖设施损耗。【结论】和其他水产养殖产品比较,牡蛎碳排放低于绝大多数鱼、虾、贝等产品,是环境友好的水产品供给者。【意义】本研究为科学核算水产养殖产品碳排放、制定碳足迹评价技术标准体系提供重要支撑,有助于双碳背景下水产养殖的绿色发展。
文摘在水温为（16．0±0．5）℃、pH为8．0～8．3、盐度为30．2的条件下，对牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus单倍体、三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎发育的过程与普通二倍体牙鲆的发育进行了比较。结果表明：单倍体胚胎脊柱弯曲，器官分化不全，受精率低，畸形率高，出膜率低；三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎与普通二倍体牙鲆的发育时序基本相同，受精卵经过卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、神经胚、卵黄栓胚、克氏囊胚、尾芽胚、心跳胚、出膜期等阶段孵化出膜，各阶段除发育时间不同外，发育特征与发育分期没有明显差别；普通二倍体胚胎约61h孵化出膜，而三倍体和雌核发育二倍体分别经66 h 30 min和67 h 50 min孵化出膜，孵化时间比普通二倍体牙鲆长约10％。其中，卵裂期三倍体和雌核发育二倍体在细胞分裂阶段发育特别缓慢，发育时间比普通二倍体长约25％。单倍体出膜率为（16．5±2．2）％，畸形率为（97．2±1．6）％；雌核发育二倍体出膜率为（85．6±3．0）％，畸形率为（13．2±2．3）％；三倍体出膜率为（82．3±3．1）％，畸形率为（16．3±2．5）％。与普通二倍体牙鲆相比，三倍体和雌核发育二倍体胚胎出膜率低，仔鱼畸形率高。
