以乙醇为溶剂,乙酸锌为前驱物,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为表面修饰剂,采用溶液化学法,制备了氧化锌纳米粒子。考察反应时间、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入量及含水量的影响。通过UV-Vis、FL和TEM等对ZnO纳米粒子进行表征。结果表明,在PVP-乙醇反应体系中加...以乙醇为溶剂,乙酸锌为前驱物,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为表面修饰剂,采用溶液化学法,制备了氧化锌纳米粒子。考察反应时间、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入量及含水量的影响。通过UV-Vis、FL和TEM等对ZnO纳米粒子进行表征。结果表明,在PVP-乙醇反应体系中加入3 m L浓度33.4 mmol/L乙酸锌水溶液,3 m L水,0.5 g PVP,在80℃反应120 min时,制得氧化锌纳米粒子的效果较好,氧化锌纳米粒子呈规则的球形,具有较好的分散性,粒径约为200 nm,且具有较窄的尺寸分布,证明PVP对ZnO纳米粒子表面具有较好的修饰效果。展开更多
Activated carbon(AC) was prepared from surplus sludge using chemical activation method with the assistance of ZnCl2. The influences of process parameters on the AC's specific surface area and adsorption capacity f...Activated carbon(AC) was prepared from surplus sludge using chemical activation method with the assistance of ZnCl2. The influences of process parameters on the AC's specific surface area and adsorption capacity for Pb2+ were examined to optimize these parameters. The optimal conditions for the preparation of AC were determined to be activation temperature of 500 °C, activation time of 1 h, impregnation ratio of 1:1(solid-to-liquid volume) with the 30% ZnCl2 solution(mass fraction), giving the BET surface area of 393.85 m2/g and yield of 30.14% with 33.45% ash. Also, the pyrolysis temperature was found to be the most important parameter in chemical activation. FTIR spectra provided the evidence of some surface structures such as C=C and C—O—C. In the adsorption studies, a rise in solution pH led to a significant increase in adsorption capacity when the pH value varied from 3.0 to 7.0, and the optimal pH for removal of Pb2+ was 7.0. It was observed that the pseudo-second-order equation provided better correlation for the adsorption rate than the pseudo-first-order and the Langmuir model fitted better than the Freundlich model for adsorption isotherm. The adsorption capacity of AC to Pb2+ was 11.75 mg/L at solution pH 7.0, the equilibrium time 480 min and 25 °C. Moreover, the adsorption process is endothermic according to the value of enthalpy change.展开更多
文摘以乙醇为溶剂,乙酸锌为前驱物,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为表面修饰剂,采用溶液化学法,制备了氧化锌纳米粒子。考察反应时间、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入量及含水量的影响。通过UV-Vis、FL和TEM等对ZnO纳米粒子进行表征。结果表明,在PVP-乙醇反应体系中加入3 m L浓度33.4 mmol/L乙酸锌水溶液,3 m L水,0.5 g PVP,在80℃反应120 min时,制得氧化锌纳米粒子的效果较好,氧化锌纳米粒子呈规则的球形,具有较好的分散性,粒径约为200 nm,且具有较窄的尺寸分布,证明PVP对ZnO纳米粒子表面具有较好的修饰效果。
基金Project supported by the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis,China
文摘Activated carbon(AC) was prepared from surplus sludge using chemical activation method with the assistance of ZnCl2. The influences of process parameters on the AC's specific surface area and adsorption capacity for Pb2+ were examined to optimize these parameters. The optimal conditions for the preparation of AC were determined to be activation temperature of 500 °C, activation time of 1 h, impregnation ratio of 1:1(solid-to-liquid volume) with the 30% ZnCl2 solution(mass fraction), giving the BET surface area of 393.85 m2/g and yield of 30.14% with 33.45% ash. Also, the pyrolysis temperature was found to be the most important parameter in chemical activation. FTIR spectra provided the evidence of some surface structures such as C=C and C—O—C. In the adsorption studies, a rise in solution pH led to a significant increase in adsorption capacity when the pH value varied from 3.0 to 7.0, and the optimal pH for removal of Pb2+ was 7.0. It was observed that the pseudo-second-order equation provided better correlation for the adsorption rate than the pseudo-first-order and the Langmuir model fitted better than the Freundlich model for adsorption isotherm. The adsorption capacity of AC to Pb2+ was 11.75 mg/L at solution pH 7.0, the equilibrium time 480 min and 25 °C. Moreover, the adsorption process is endothermic according to the value of enthalpy change.
