溴结构域和超末端结构域(bromodomain and extra-terminal,BET)蛋白家族作为表观"阅读器",在哺乳动物发育过程中起着至关重要的作用。其家族内的各成员通过识别各种表观修饰并募集相应的功能复合物,对相关基因进行精密调控,...溴结构域和超末端结构域(bromodomain and extra-terminal,BET)蛋白家族作为表观"阅读器",在哺乳动物发育过程中起着至关重要的作用。其家族内的各成员通过识别各种表观修饰并募集相应的功能复合物,对相关基因进行精密调控,促使早期胚胎向特定方向分化和发育。另外,随着诱导性多潜能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cell,iPSC)重编程技术发展,越来越多的研究发现BET蛋白家族在体细胞重编程中可能也占据着核心地位。本文总结了BET蛋白家族在哺乳动物发育和iPSC重编程中的作用,并对BET家族调控重编程的新机制进行了展望。展开更多
A controversial taxon,Hipparion plocodus,is reviewed in the present study.Hi.plocodus has been confirmed to be a valid species with definite diagnostic characteristics,represented by cranial specimens from Baode,Shanx...A controversial taxon,Hipparion plocodus,is reviewed in the present study.Hi.plocodus has been confirmed to be a valid species with definite diagnostic characteristics,represented by cranial specimens from Baode,Shanxi Province.The phylogenetic analysis performed in the present study,with a new matrix,shows that Hi.plocodus forms a monophyletic group with a European species,Hippotherium malpassii.Actually,no close relationship between so-called Hm.malpassii and the genus Hippotherium has been identified,and the record of stratigraphic range of this genus in late stage of Late Miocene is currently absent.Herein previously Hi.plocodus and Hm.malpassii have both attributed into“Hipparion”before the discovery of better material.Evolutionary stages and correlative absolute age showed that these two species should derive independently from some primitive clade.During the late stage of the Late Miocene,the development of the Asian summer monsoon enhanced the humidity of China,with forest and wood habitats expanding considerably under this setting.As the result,one Eurasian closed-habitat lineage thus extended its range into China,which had become very suited for it,give rise to“Hi.”plocodus.展开更多
文摘A controversial taxon,Hipparion plocodus,is reviewed in the present study.Hi.plocodus has been confirmed to be a valid species with definite diagnostic characteristics,represented by cranial specimens from Baode,Shanxi Province.The phylogenetic analysis performed in the present study,with a new matrix,shows that Hi.plocodus forms a monophyletic group with a European species,Hippotherium malpassii.Actually,no close relationship between so-called Hm.malpassii and the genus Hippotherium has been identified,and the record of stratigraphic range of this genus in late stage of Late Miocene is currently absent.Herein previously Hi.plocodus and Hm.malpassii have both attributed into“Hipparion”before the discovery of better material.Evolutionary stages and correlative absolute age showed that these two species should derive independently from some primitive clade.During the late stage of the Late Miocene,the development of the Asian summer monsoon enhanced the humidity of China,with forest and wood habitats expanding considerably under this setting.As the result,one Eurasian closed-habitat lineage thus extended its range into China,which had become very suited for it,give rise to“Hi.”plocodus.
